Prince Albert died of typhoid fever, leaving Queen Victoria in deep mourning. She wore black for the remainder of her life and avoided public appearances.

Queen Victoria's seclusion from public life led to a decline in the popularity of the monarchy and the growth of the republican movement. She relied increasingly on her manservant, John Brown.

The Golden Jubilee of Queen Victoria marked 50 years of her reign and was a time of public celebration, helping to restore her popularity.

The Diamond Jubilee celebrated 60 years of Queen Victoria's reign, further solidifying her public image and national affection.