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Rupea Fortress
Rupea Fortress (Romanian: Cetatea Rupea, German: Burg Reps, Hungarian: Kőhalmi vár) is a medieval fortress built by Transylvanian Saxons in the Kingdom of Hungary and first mentioned by a 1324 document. It is situated on a 120 m high basalt cliff, to the west of the Transylvanian town of Rupea in Romania. The fortress is located on DN13, 70 km from Brașov, on the road to Sighișoara. Following a period of restoration from 2010 to 2013, the fortress had over 10,000 monthly visitors by 2014.
The name Rupea comes from Latin rupes meaning "cliff", or "cleft stone".[citation needed]
The name under which the fortress was first mentioned in a 1324 document is castrum Kuholm, Kuholm referring to the rock on which it was built (in Hungarian, kőhalom means "pile of stones").
Rupea Fortress stands on one of the oldest archaeological sites in Romania, the first signs of human settlements dating from the Paleolithic and Early Neolithic (5500–3500 BC). Archaeological investigations have revealed objects from this era, testimony of settlements in the region: stone tools, pottery, funeral urns, etc.[citation needed]
In Dacian times, on these places was raised the dava known as Rumidava or Ramidava (after various historical sources); conquered by the Romans, Rumidava became the Roman castra Rupes (in Latin, rupes means "rock" or "stone").[citation needed] The Roman castra Rupes was part of the Roman fortification belt defending the commercial area and routes linking the Târnava Valley with the Olt Valley, Râșnov and Hoghiz.[citation needed]
According to Romanian archaeologists, the current fortress might have been built on the ruins of a former Dacian defense fort, based on Dacian pottery sherds found at the site.
A popular legend in the area tells that Dacian king Decebalus committed suicide inside the fortress.
The first written mention of the fortress dates from 1324, under the name castrum Kuholm, when the Saxons revolting against King Charles I of Hungary took refuge inside the fortress.[citation needed] In the 14th century it had a key strategic role, being the main linking point between Transylvania, Moldavia and Wallachia.[citation needed][dubious – discuss] Between 1432 and 1437 the fortress was attacked and robbed by Turks, and finally abandoned in 1643 after a devastating fire turned it into ruins.[citation needed] At the end of the same century, Saxons returned to the fortress to seek refuge. This time, the fortress was handed over to the Habsburg armies without armed resistance.[citation needed]
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Rupea Fortress
Rupea Fortress (Romanian: Cetatea Rupea, German: Burg Reps, Hungarian: Kőhalmi vár) is a medieval fortress built by Transylvanian Saxons in the Kingdom of Hungary and first mentioned by a 1324 document. It is situated on a 120 m high basalt cliff, to the west of the Transylvanian town of Rupea in Romania. The fortress is located on DN13, 70 km from Brașov, on the road to Sighișoara. Following a period of restoration from 2010 to 2013, the fortress had over 10,000 monthly visitors by 2014.
The name Rupea comes from Latin rupes meaning "cliff", or "cleft stone".[citation needed]
The name under which the fortress was first mentioned in a 1324 document is castrum Kuholm, Kuholm referring to the rock on which it was built (in Hungarian, kőhalom means "pile of stones").
Rupea Fortress stands on one of the oldest archaeological sites in Romania, the first signs of human settlements dating from the Paleolithic and Early Neolithic (5500–3500 BC). Archaeological investigations have revealed objects from this era, testimony of settlements in the region: stone tools, pottery, funeral urns, etc.[citation needed]
In Dacian times, on these places was raised the dava known as Rumidava or Ramidava (after various historical sources); conquered by the Romans, Rumidava became the Roman castra Rupes (in Latin, rupes means "rock" or "stone").[citation needed] The Roman castra Rupes was part of the Roman fortification belt defending the commercial area and routes linking the Târnava Valley with the Olt Valley, Râșnov and Hoghiz.[citation needed]
According to Romanian archaeologists, the current fortress might have been built on the ruins of a former Dacian defense fort, based on Dacian pottery sherds found at the site.
A popular legend in the area tells that Dacian king Decebalus committed suicide inside the fortress.
The first written mention of the fortress dates from 1324, under the name castrum Kuholm, when the Saxons revolting against King Charles I of Hungary took refuge inside the fortress.[citation needed] In the 14th century it had a key strategic role, being the main linking point between Transylvania, Moldavia and Wallachia.[citation needed][dubious – discuss] Between 1432 and 1437 the fortress was attacked and robbed by Turks, and finally abandoned in 1643 after a devastating fire turned it into ruins.[citation needed] At the end of the same century, Saxons returned to the fortress to seek refuge. This time, the fortress was handed over to the Habsburg armies without armed resistance.[citation needed]