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Sochy massacre
The Sochy massacre occurred on 1 June 1943 in the village of Sochy, Lublin Voivodeship in Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship during the German occupation of Poland when approximately 181–200 of its inhabitants, including women and children, were massacred by the German Ordnungspolizei and SS in retaliation for the village's support for the Polish resistance movement.
During World War II and the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany (1939–1945), Poles were subjected to terror and mass German repression, both in cities and in the villages. Hundreds of Polish villages were forcibly pacified, had their inhabitants massacred, or were completely destroyed by the German occupiers.
An incomplete list drawn up after World War II estimates that 299 such Polish villages were destroyed by German forces, including Rajsk, 16 April 1942 (142 murdered); Krasowo-Częstki, 17 July 1943 (259 murdered); Skłoby, 11 April 1940 (215 murdered); Michniów, 13 July 1943 (203 murdered); Józefów, 14 April 1940 (169 murdered); Kitów, 11 December 1942 (174 murdered); Sumin, 29 January 1943 (118 murdered); Sochy, 1 June 1943 (181 murdered); Borów, 2 February 1944 (232 murdered); Łążek, 2 February 1944 (187 murdered); Szczecyn, 2 February 1944 (368); Jamy, Lublin Voivodeship, 3 March 1944 (147 murdered); Milejów, 6 September 1939 (150 murdered); Kaszyce, 7 March 1943 (117 murdered); Krusze, 31 August 1944 (158 murdered); Lipniak-Majorat, 2 September 1944 (370 murdered) and many others.
The largest pacification operation took place between November 1942 and August 1943 in the region of Zamość in Poland, which was selected by the Germans for German colonization as part of the Generalplan Ost plan. More than 110,000 Polish peasants, 31 percent of the Zamość population, were expelled from 300 villages; Some were taken to Germany as slave labor while many others were sent to the Auschwitz or Majdanek concentration camps where they were murdered. A number of Polish children were taken away from their families and deported with the intention of being Germanized. Those who were not killed or deported were driven from their homes by the German General Government. The occupants' next plans were to depopulate another 400 Polish villages.
Pacification and expulsion of Poles in the Lublin region was under the control of the SS commander and police chief in the Lublin District, SS-Brigadeführer Odilo Globocnik. The first deportations took place on the night of 27–28 November 1942. By the end of December, 60 villages inhabited by about 34,000 Poles were depopulated. The second phase of the operation lasted from mid-January to the end of March 1943 and covered mainly the areas of the Hrubieszów poviat. 63 villages had been displaced by then.
The Germans' actions was met with passive resistance from the displaced population and by armed reactions from the Polish resistance movement. Guerrilla units of the Peasant Battalions, the Home Army and the People's Guard attempted to stop the Germans' pacification and displacement efforts by attacking German economic and communication facilities, as well as through attacks against the Germans themselves and their colonists occupying the pacified Polish villages. The resistance posed by the Polish guerrillas, as well as the difficult situation of German troops on the Eastern Front, forced the occupiers to temporarily halt their depopulation efforts. They resumed in the last days of June 1943. Before that, the Germans carried out a series of violent pacification operations in the Zamość region. One of the victims of these actions was the village of Sochy in the commune of Zwierzyniec.
Probably the reason for the pacification was the cooperation of the inhabitants of Sochy with the Polish resistance. According to witnesses, shortly before the massacre, Gestapo agents appeared in the village, claiming to be partisans, examining the attitude of the population to the Polish resistance. Extermination in Sochy was one of the many pacifications that the Germans carried out in the Zamość region and in Poland.
Early in the morning of June 1, 1943, German troops arrived in Sochy. The pacification expedition included mainly German Ordnungspolizei officers stationed in Zamość. They were also accompanied by SS members and Ukrainian or Russian-speaking collaborators. The village of Sochy is located in a valley. The Germans were on the slopes of this valley and then surrounded the village with a tight cordon. When the inhabitants saw the Germans, they began to take their belongings out of their homes because they expected that displacement action would start soon.
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Sochy massacre
The Sochy massacre occurred on 1 June 1943 in the village of Sochy, Lublin Voivodeship in Zamość County, Lublin Voivodeship during the German occupation of Poland when approximately 181–200 of its inhabitants, including women and children, were massacred by the German Ordnungspolizei and SS in retaliation for the village's support for the Polish resistance movement.
During World War II and the occupation of Poland by Nazi Germany (1939–1945), Poles were subjected to terror and mass German repression, both in cities and in the villages. Hundreds of Polish villages were forcibly pacified, had their inhabitants massacred, or were completely destroyed by the German occupiers.
An incomplete list drawn up after World War II estimates that 299 such Polish villages were destroyed by German forces, including Rajsk, 16 April 1942 (142 murdered); Krasowo-Częstki, 17 July 1943 (259 murdered); Skłoby, 11 April 1940 (215 murdered); Michniów, 13 July 1943 (203 murdered); Józefów, 14 April 1940 (169 murdered); Kitów, 11 December 1942 (174 murdered); Sumin, 29 January 1943 (118 murdered); Sochy, 1 June 1943 (181 murdered); Borów, 2 February 1944 (232 murdered); Łążek, 2 February 1944 (187 murdered); Szczecyn, 2 February 1944 (368); Jamy, Lublin Voivodeship, 3 March 1944 (147 murdered); Milejów, 6 September 1939 (150 murdered); Kaszyce, 7 March 1943 (117 murdered); Krusze, 31 August 1944 (158 murdered); Lipniak-Majorat, 2 September 1944 (370 murdered) and many others.
The largest pacification operation took place between November 1942 and August 1943 in the region of Zamość in Poland, which was selected by the Germans for German colonization as part of the Generalplan Ost plan. More than 110,000 Polish peasants, 31 percent of the Zamość population, were expelled from 300 villages; Some were taken to Germany as slave labor while many others were sent to the Auschwitz or Majdanek concentration camps where they were murdered. A number of Polish children were taken away from their families and deported with the intention of being Germanized. Those who were not killed or deported were driven from their homes by the German General Government. The occupants' next plans were to depopulate another 400 Polish villages.
Pacification and expulsion of Poles in the Lublin region was under the control of the SS commander and police chief in the Lublin District, SS-Brigadeführer Odilo Globocnik. The first deportations took place on the night of 27–28 November 1942. By the end of December, 60 villages inhabited by about 34,000 Poles were depopulated. The second phase of the operation lasted from mid-January to the end of March 1943 and covered mainly the areas of the Hrubieszów poviat. 63 villages had been displaced by then.
The Germans' actions was met with passive resistance from the displaced population and by armed reactions from the Polish resistance movement. Guerrilla units of the Peasant Battalions, the Home Army and the People's Guard attempted to stop the Germans' pacification and displacement efforts by attacking German economic and communication facilities, as well as through attacks against the Germans themselves and their colonists occupying the pacified Polish villages. The resistance posed by the Polish guerrillas, as well as the difficult situation of German troops on the Eastern Front, forced the occupiers to temporarily halt their depopulation efforts. They resumed in the last days of June 1943. Before that, the Germans carried out a series of violent pacification operations in the Zamość region. One of the victims of these actions was the village of Sochy in the commune of Zwierzyniec.
Probably the reason for the pacification was the cooperation of the inhabitants of Sochy with the Polish resistance. According to witnesses, shortly before the massacre, Gestapo agents appeared in the village, claiming to be partisans, examining the attitude of the population to the Polish resistance. Extermination in Sochy was one of the many pacifications that the Germans carried out in the Zamość region and in Poland.
Early in the morning of June 1, 1943, German troops arrived in Sochy. The pacification expedition included mainly German Ordnungspolizei officers stationed in Zamość. They were also accompanied by SS members and Ukrainian or Russian-speaking collaborators. The village of Sochy is located in a valley. The Germans were on the slopes of this valley and then surrounded the village with a tight cordon. When the inhabitants saw the Germans, they began to take their belongings out of their homes because they expected that displacement action would start soon.
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