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New jack swing
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New jack swing
New jack swing, new jack, or swingbeat is a fusion genre of the rhythms and production techniques of hip hop and dance-pop, and the urban contemporary sound of R&B. Spearheaded by producers Teddy Riley, Bernard Belle, Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, and Dallas Austin, new jack swing was most popular from the late 1980s to early 1990s.
New jack swing can be defined as "pop music usually performed by black musicians that combines elements of jazz, funk, rap, and rhythm and blues." New jack swing producers created synthesized tunes and sampled beats, using digital synthesizers (such as the Yamaha DX7 and Roland D50), drum machines (such as the Roland TR-808) and samplers (such as the SP-1200 and Akai samplers), to lay an "insistent beat under light melody lines and clearly enunciated vocals." The TR-808 in particular was sampled to create distinctive, syncopated, swung rhythms, with its snare sound being especially prominent.
Producer Kyle West remembered 1985 as the year he listened to new jack swing with Teddy Riley. Riley as well as drummer Lenny White credited the start of new jack swing to English singer-songwriter and producer Junior Giscombe and his 1985 single "Oh Louise". Some music critics said Full Force's "Alice, I Want You Just for Me" (1985) was the first new jack swing song. Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis produced Janet Jackson's digital R&B album, Control (1986). Musicologist Richard J. Ripani PhD, author of The New Blue Music: Changes in Rhythm & Blues, 1950–1999 (2006), observed that the album was one of the first successful records to influence the rise of new jack swing by creating a fusion of R&B, rap, funk, disco and synthesized percussion. The new jack swing sound is particularly evident in the second single, "Nasty". The success of Control, according to Ripani, bridged the gap between R&B and rap music. He asserts that "since Jackson's album was released in 1986 and was hugely successful, it is not unreasonable to assume that it had at least some impact on the new jack swing creations of Teddy Riley."
The term "new jack swing" was coined in an October 18, 1987, Village Voice profile of Teddy Riley by Barry Michael Cooper. "New Jack" was a slang term (meaning "Johnny-come-lately") used in a song by Grandmaster Caz of the Cold Crush Brothers, and "swing" was intended by Cooper to draw an "analogy between the music played at the speak easies of F. Scott Fitzgerald's time to the crack-houses of Teddy Riley's time".
The term "new jack swing" describes the sound produced and engineered by R&B/hip hop artist and producer Teddy Riley. Riley is an American R&B and hip hop singer-songwriter, musician and record producer, who led the band Guy in the late 1980s and Blackstreet in the 1990s. Riley said, "I define the term [new jack swing] as a new kid on the block who's swinging it." The defining feature of Riley's music was the introduction of swingbeats, "a rhythmic pattern using offbeat accented 16th note triplets". In an interview with Revolt TV in 2017, Andre Harrell called Riley the inventor of the sound, hailing him "the king of New Jack Swing, because he invented it".
Music website VH1.com notes that, while "hip-hop and R&B are kissing cousins" in the 2000s, "the two genres were seldom mentioned in the same breath" in the early 1980s. However, in the late 1980s, "during the era of high-top fades, and parachute pants, producer Teddy Riley and label boss Andre Harrell successfully fused and marketed the two sounds in a sexy, exclamatory music that critics termed new jack swing. It sparked a revolution." Riley stated that before new jack swing, "rappers and singers didn't want anything to do with one another", because "singers were soft, rappers were street." Riley's new style blended "sweet melody and big beats". The sensibilities of Riley's fusion of the styles would forever change pop music/hip-hop music pairing and was further popularized with Bad Boy's dominance of the late '90s through much of the same techniques. Riley, a 19-year-old man from Harlem, quickly became an A-list producer and commanded big fees to add his sound to major artist projects.
The 1989 film Ghostbusters II helped spread new jack swing with its theme song, "On Our Own" by Bobby Brown (written by L.A. Reid, Babyface and Daryl Simmons), who was along with Riley nicknamed "The King of New Jack Swing". NBC sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air also boosted the spread of this culture, as the star of the show, Will Smith, was known initially for his hip-hop duo with DJ Jazzy Jeff. During the first episode of the series, Will Smith dances to the Soul II Soul new jack swing single "Back to Life (However Do You Want Me)". In other episodes, he sings "Teddy's Jam" and "Rump Shaker". A Different World, Waynehead and In Living Color are other television programs of the era which exhibit influences from the new jack swing style. Video Soul, Soul Train, Showtime at the Apollo as well as the late night talk show The Arsenio Hall Show also helped to promote these acts.
To date the most successful new jack swing album is Dangerous, released in 1991 by Michael Jackson, produced by Jackson and Riley, which has sold over 30 million copies worldwide.
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New jack swing
New jack swing, new jack, or swingbeat is a fusion genre of the rhythms and production techniques of hip hop and dance-pop, and the urban contemporary sound of R&B. Spearheaded by producers Teddy Riley, Bernard Belle, Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis, and Dallas Austin, new jack swing was most popular from the late 1980s to early 1990s.
New jack swing can be defined as "pop music usually performed by black musicians that combines elements of jazz, funk, rap, and rhythm and blues." New jack swing producers created synthesized tunes and sampled beats, using digital synthesizers (such as the Yamaha DX7 and Roland D50), drum machines (such as the Roland TR-808) and samplers (such as the SP-1200 and Akai samplers), to lay an "insistent beat under light melody lines and clearly enunciated vocals." The TR-808 in particular was sampled to create distinctive, syncopated, swung rhythms, with its snare sound being especially prominent.
Producer Kyle West remembered 1985 as the year he listened to new jack swing with Teddy Riley. Riley as well as drummer Lenny White credited the start of new jack swing to English singer-songwriter and producer Junior Giscombe and his 1985 single "Oh Louise". Some music critics said Full Force's "Alice, I Want You Just for Me" (1985) was the first new jack swing song. Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis produced Janet Jackson's digital R&B album, Control (1986). Musicologist Richard J. Ripani PhD, author of The New Blue Music: Changes in Rhythm & Blues, 1950–1999 (2006), observed that the album was one of the first successful records to influence the rise of new jack swing by creating a fusion of R&B, rap, funk, disco and synthesized percussion. The new jack swing sound is particularly evident in the second single, "Nasty". The success of Control, according to Ripani, bridged the gap between R&B and rap music. He asserts that "since Jackson's album was released in 1986 and was hugely successful, it is not unreasonable to assume that it had at least some impact on the new jack swing creations of Teddy Riley."
The term "new jack swing" was coined in an October 18, 1987, Village Voice profile of Teddy Riley by Barry Michael Cooper. "New Jack" was a slang term (meaning "Johnny-come-lately") used in a song by Grandmaster Caz of the Cold Crush Brothers, and "swing" was intended by Cooper to draw an "analogy between the music played at the speak easies of F. Scott Fitzgerald's time to the crack-houses of Teddy Riley's time".
The term "new jack swing" describes the sound produced and engineered by R&B/hip hop artist and producer Teddy Riley. Riley is an American R&B and hip hop singer-songwriter, musician and record producer, who led the band Guy in the late 1980s and Blackstreet in the 1990s. Riley said, "I define the term [new jack swing] as a new kid on the block who's swinging it." The defining feature of Riley's music was the introduction of swingbeats, "a rhythmic pattern using offbeat accented 16th note triplets". In an interview with Revolt TV in 2017, Andre Harrell called Riley the inventor of the sound, hailing him "the king of New Jack Swing, because he invented it".
Music website VH1.com notes that, while "hip-hop and R&B are kissing cousins" in the 2000s, "the two genres were seldom mentioned in the same breath" in the early 1980s. However, in the late 1980s, "during the era of high-top fades, and parachute pants, producer Teddy Riley and label boss Andre Harrell successfully fused and marketed the two sounds in a sexy, exclamatory music that critics termed new jack swing. It sparked a revolution." Riley stated that before new jack swing, "rappers and singers didn't want anything to do with one another", because "singers were soft, rappers were street." Riley's new style blended "sweet melody and big beats". The sensibilities of Riley's fusion of the styles would forever change pop music/hip-hop music pairing and was further popularized with Bad Boy's dominance of the late '90s through much of the same techniques. Riley, a 19-year-old man from Harlem, quickly became an A-list producer and commanded big fees to add his sound to major artist projects.
The 1989 film Ghostbusters II helped spread new jack swing with its theme song, "On Our Own" by Bobby Brown (written by L.A. Reid, Babyface and Daryl Simmons), who was along with Riley nicknamed "The King of New Jack Swing". NBC sitcom The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air also boosted the spread of this culture, as the star of the show, Will Smith, was known initially for his hip-hop duo with DJ Jazzy Jeff. During the first episode of the series, Will Smith dances to the Soul II Soul new jack swing single "Back to Life (However Do You Want Me)". In other episodes, he sings "Teddy's Jam" and "Rump Shaker". A Different World, Waynehead and In Living Color are other television programs of the era which exhibit influences from the new jack swing style. Video Soul, Soul Train, Showtime at the Apollo as well as the late night talk show The Arsenio Hall Show also helped to promote these acts.
To date the most successful new jack swing album is Dangerous, released in 1991 by Michael Jackson, produced by Jackson and Riley, which has sold over 30 million copies worldwide.