The TEMPUS (Trans-European Mobility Programme for University Studies) is a program that encouraged higher education institutions in the EU Member States and partner countries to engage in structured cooperation[1] through the establishment of "consortia". The "consortia" implemented Joint European Projects (JEPs) with a clear set of objectives to promote exchanges and mobility of teaching staff and trainers. Such projects could receive financial aid for two or three years. Tempus also provided Individual Mobility Grants (IMGs) to individuals working in the higher education sector to help them work on certain specified activities in other countries.[2]
TEMPUS was adopted on 7 May 1990 by The Council of the European Communities.[3]
As of 1 January 2014, Tempus-like activities, namely capacity building activities, became part of a new cooperation programme called Erasmus+. These activities involve former Tempus member countries, in addition to countries from Latin America, Asia and Africa, the Caribbean and the Pacific.[4]
Participating countries of TEMPUS included:
European Union The 27 member states of the European Union.Partnership countries (organized by region) include:
Albania
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Belarus
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia
Georgia
Kosovo
Moldova
Montenegro
North Macedonia
Russia
Serbia
UkraineAsia:
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