Tivaouane or Tivawan (Wolof: Tiwaawan; French: Tivaouane) is a city and urban commune located in the Thiès Region of Senegal.

Tivaouane was part of the Wolof kingdom of Cayor, and was at one time its capital. It was first described to Europeans in the 15th century by Venetian explorer Luigi Cada-Mosto.

In 1904, it was the fifth largest city in Sénégal after Saint-Louis, Dakar, Rufisque and Gorée.

It is also one of the sacred places of the Tijaniyya Sufi brotherhood. Each week, followers come to visit the tombs of religious leaders, especially that of El-Hadji Malick Sy. Visitors flock each year to celebrate the birth of Muhammad in a festival called the Maouloud (or Gamou, in Wolof, a word borrowed from the Serer word Gamahou or Gamohou - meaning "to find the lost heart", which is one of the ancient Serer religious festivals).

The influence of the Muslim brotherhoods of Senegal helps to explain the dramatic demographic growth of the city, which had a population of less than 7900 in 1960.

In 2003, the mosque and zawia (Muslim school) of El-Hadji Malick Sy, the mosque of Serigne Babacar Sy [fr] and the railway station were added to the list of Senegalese historic monuments.

In 2022, the recently inaugurated Mame Abdou Aziz Sy Dabakh [fr] Hospital in Tivaouane caught fire due to a short circuit. The neonatal department burned down to the ground, with 11 newborn babies dead.

Tivaouane is the capital of the Tivaouane Department in the région de Thiès.