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Torricella Peligna

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Torricella Peligna

Torricella Peligna is a comune and town in the Province of Chieti in the Abruzzo region of Italy.

The foundation of Torricella dates back according to local tradition to an exodus from the exiles of Juvanum, during the Byzantine Wars of the sixth century AD, a Roman town near the nearby municipality of Montenerodomo, however the first certain news is given since XII century when it was a fief of Orsini and, later, of Accounts of Manoppello and Marchesi Celaia of Chieti. The country was destroyed during World War II. The current name of the municipality is improper, as are the others of Taranta Peligna and Lama dei Peligni, as these centers rise in the eastern part of the mountain Majella, and sit rovano lapped by the Rivers Sangro and Aventine. In ancient times the centers that existed on site, were inhabited by the Samnite tribes of Carricini, and bordered with the Peligni near Field of Jupiter and the Frentani from Guardiagrele (the ancient Grele) to Lanciano (Anxanum); however, this incorrect toponym was added with the Unity of Italy in 1863.

Torricella made national headlines during World War II. The Germans, in retreat in the Gustav line, made scorched earth of the country, and were fought in '44 by Maiella brigade, in Battle of Sangro. Many were displaced and the medieval castle was destroyed. Torricella was later rebuilt and is in the twenty-first century a tourist destination for mountain excursions.

In 1744 Vincenzo Tobia Nicola Bellini, musician who died in Catania in 1829, grandfather and first master of the famous opera player Vincenzo Bellini, was born there.

Very full-bodied are the finds of the Italic era dating back to the sixth century BC. near Torricella, in the adjacent districts, various archaeological discoveries have been made, the finds of which are preserved in the Archaeological Museum of Chieti. In Sant'Antonio a tomb with a bronze helmet was found, the decoration on the shell of a deer or goat, preserved in the Archaeological Museum of the nearby Juvanum, a dagger, a collar, a spiral bracelet, four digital rings and an iron fibula. It is claimed that near Monte Moresco, between Torricella and Pennadomo, there are remains of a Samnite fortification, built above an even older settlement, attributed to the second millennium BC, from here comes a stone dagger, preserved in the Pigorini Museum in Rome.

The area was regularly inhabited during the Samnite era, and after the Roman conquest of the tribe of Caraceni (which occupied the area of Juvanum di Montonerodomo, Trebula di Quadri and Cluviae di Casoli); this tribe bordered sangro with Frentani, to the east with the Lucani located near Mount Pallano, up with the Pentri of Bovianum Vetus (Pietrabbondante), finally with the Peligni in eastern Majella. The main city of this tribe was Juvanum, still well preserved, before reaching the center of Montenerodomo, the most practiced economic activity was agriculture along with pastoralism. The tratturo, still partly visible, developed along Colle dell'Irco, and connected to the Celano-Foggia tratturo, where a bronze of Hercules from the fourth century BC was found.

From the discovery at the Le Coste district, it is assumed that the continuity of housing between Torricella and Juvanum had continued even after the period of decadence of the Western Roman Empire. The area was occupied by barbarians during the Greek Gothic War of the sixth century AD, in fact there is the discovery of an Spangehelme ostrogoto or a helmet with bands in gilded copper and iron in the locality of Santa Lucia, well hidden inside a cellar of late Roman origin for the construction material, located in a country farmhouse. This artifact is preserved in the Museum of Early Medieval Byzantine Abruzzo in the ducal castle of Crecchio.

The phenomenon of the framing of the seventh-tenth century AD also affected Torricella. The first fortifications are located in the Monte Moresco area, next to the Roman town, which was finally abandoned in the 15th century. A castle is mentioned in some documents of Pope Nicholas II who in 1060 assigned half of it by the Benedictine Monks of the Tremiti Islands. The Middle Ages is also the era of Christian affirmation in Torricella, near Juvanum arose the Abbey of Santa Maria in Palazzo (or Monte Moresco), of which the structure is preserved near the ruins; in the tenth century there is the semi-legendary testimony of the coming of St. Raynald, of the Order of the Basilians together with the monk San Falco [it], who settled at a hermitage in nearby Palena. In Fallascoso there is still in the twenty-first century the testimony of the hermitage of San Rinaldo. In the year 1173 dates back to the construction of the baronial chapel of Torricella, the mother church of San Giacomo, redone in the 19th century.

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