Triple divide
Triple divide
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Triple divide

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Triple divide

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A triple divide or triple watershed is a point on Earth's surface where three drainage basins meet. A triple divide results from the intersection of two drainage divides. Triple divides range from prominent mountain peaks to minor side peaks, down to simple slope changes on a ridge which are otherwise unremarkable. The elevation of a triple divide can be thousands of meters to barely above sea level. Triple divides are a common hydrographic feature of any terrain that has rivers, streams and/or lakes.

Topographic triple divides do not necessarily respect the underground path of water. Thus, depending on the infiltration and the different geological layers, the hydrologic triple divide is often offset from the topographic triple divide.

A hydrological apex is a triple divide whose waters flow into three different oceans. Depending on definition, Triple Divide Peak in the U.S. state of Montana, or Snow Dome in Canada are the only such places on Earth.

An unnamed hill on the border between the Central African Republic and South Sudan: the exact point is at 09°08′24″N 23°28′07″E / 9.14000°N 23.46861°E / 9.14000; 23.46861 (Congo-Nile-Lake Chad Triple Divide). Water from this point flows to the Atlantic Ocean via the Congo River, to the Mediterranean Sea via the Nile, or to endorheic Lake Chad. At this point meet the second, third and eighth largest drainage basins in the world, making it one of the most important triple divides on earth.

Antarctica is completely circled by the Southern Ocean, and has no triple divides.

Older definitions of the oceans did not include the Southern Ocean, and instead had the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans touch the shores of Antarctica. Based on this outdated definition, Dome Argus is the highest point in the East Antarctic ice sheet and could be considered a triple divide if it is assumed that the ice forms a watershed. (80°22′S 77°21′E / 80.367°S 77.350°E / -80.367; 77.350 (Dome Argus))

Asia is dominated by endorheic basins. In Northeastern Mongolia, the endoheric basin meets the watersheds of the Selenga and the Amur, rivers that flow to the Arctic and the Pacific Ocean, respectively. In Tibet, the basin meets the watersheds of the Nu and the Yangtze, rivers that flow to the Indian and the Pacific Ocean, respectively.

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