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University of Guelph

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University of Guelph

The University of Guelph (U of G or Guelph) is a comprehensive public research university in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. It was established in 1964 after the amalgamation of Ontario Agricultural College (1874), the MacDonald Institute (1903), and the Ontario Veterinary College (1922), and has since grown to an institution of over 30,000 students from more than 140 countries (including those at the Humber campus, Ridgetown campus, off-campus degree enrolments, diploma enrolments, and part-time students) and employs 823 full-time faculty (academic staff) as of 2025. It offers 94 undergraduate degrees, 48 graduate programs, and 6 associate degrees in many different disciplines.

The university conducts significant research and offers a wide range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. According to the Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, the university has the highest research index for Hospitality and Tourism Management in Canada.

The faculty at the University of Guelph holds 31 Canada Research Chair positions in the natural sciences, engineering, health sciences, and social sciences. Academic achievements include the first scientific validation of water on Mars, Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS) on board the Curiosity rover, and the Barcode of Life project for species identification.

The University of Guelph traces its origins back to when the Ontario government bought 200 hectares (500 acres) of farmland from Frederick William Stone and opened the Ontario School of Agriculture on May 1, 1874, which was renamed the Ontario Agricultural College (OAC) in 1880. The Experimental Farm has been part of the original project along with the museum of agriculture and horticulture. Its first building was Moreton Lodge, located where Johnston Hall now stands, which included classrooms, residences, a library, and a dining room. In 1874, the school started an apiculture department, teaching students about bees and beekeeping, in a dedicated building. In more recent years, the program has continued at the Honey Bee Research Centre in the arboretum, conducting research on honeybee health, offering apiculture and beekeeping courses, and providing "many other educational experiences", including informative videos for beekeepers.

The Macdonald Institute was established in 1903 to house women's home economics programs, nature studies, and some domestic art and science. It was named after its financier, Sir William Macdonald, who worked to promote domestic sciences in rural Canada, and founded Macdonald College and McGill University College of British Columbia. The Ontario Veterinary College (OVC), founded in Mimico in 1862, was moved to Guelph in 1922. Economist John Kenneth Galbraith was an undergraduate at the college (graduating in 1931). In 1919, the Ontario Agricultural College aimed to recruit "farm boys" through a low-cost, two-year program ($20.00 per year) and "the lowest possible rate" for room and board.

The Ontario Legislature amalgamated the three colleges into a single body, the University of Guelph, on May 8, 1964. The University of Guelph Act also brought about the Board of Governors to oversee administrative operations and financial management, and the Senate to address academic concerns. The non-denominational graduate and undergraduate institution was, and remains, known especially for its agricultural and veterinary programs.

Wellington College was established shortly after the University of Guelph Act and, five years later, was split into three colleges: the College of Arts (COA), which exists in the present day; the College of Physical Science; and the College of Social Science. The Macdonald Institute would also be renamed the College of Family and Consumer Studies during the split. After this split, the University of Guelph started reorganizing into its present-day form, starting from the establishment of the College of Biological Sciences (CBS) in 1971. The College of Physical Science would merge with the OAC's School of Engineering in 1989, creating the College of Engineering and Physical Sciences (CEPS). The College of Social Science and the College of Family and Consumer Studies were joined to create the College of Social and Applied Human Sciences (CSAHS) in 1998. Finally, the College of Management and Economics (CME) was established in 2006 through the segregation of business, management, and economics degrees and courses.

The university is named after the city. Guelph comes from the Italian Guelfo and the Bavarian-Germanic Welf, also known as Guelf. It is a reference to the reigning British monarch at the time Guelph was founded, King George IV, whose family was from the House of Hanover, a younger branch of the House of Welf was sometimes spelled as Gwelf.

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