Von Braun married his first cousin, Maria Luise von Quistorp, in a Lutheran church in Landshut, Germany. This marriage was arranged to secure her safe passage to the United States, as she did not have the necessary travel documents. It also brought family stability during a turbulent time.

The couple had three children: Iris Careen (born 1948), Margrit Cecile (born 1952), and Peter Constantine (born 1960). His children provided a strong personal foundation and family life in the United States.

Von Braun was known for his love of classical music, particularly the works of Bach and Beethoven. He was also an avid science fiction reader, and a licensed pilot. He was a charismatic communicator, able to translate complex scientific ideas for the general public.

Von Braun publicly embraced Christianity. He wrote and spoke about his belief in God as the creator of the universe and as a source of moral guidance. He saw no conflict between science and religion, believing they both contributed to a deeper understanding of the world.