Yahdun-Lim

Yahdun-Lim (or Yakhdunlim, Yahdunlim; from Akkadian ia-aḫ-du-un-li-im, in Amorite Yaʿdun-lîm; died c. 1797 BC) was a king of Mari. He was of Amorite origin, and became king after the death of his father Yaggid-Lim. Yahdun-Lim built Mari up to become one of the major powers of the region. He led a successful campaign to the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.

Yahdun-Lim started his reign by subduing seven of his rebelling tribal leaders, and rebuilding the walls of Mari and Terqa in addition to building a new fort which he named Dur-Yahdun-Lim.

Yahdun-Lim's kingdom was threatened by incursions from various nomad tribes, such as the Canaanites, but he was able to subjugate them and force them to pay tribute. After having established internal peace, he built a temple to the god Shamash.

He then expanded west and claimed to have reached the Mediterranean Sea, however he later had to face a rebellion by the Yaminite nomads who were centered at Tuttul, and the rebels were supported by Yamhad's king Sumu-Epuh, whose interests were threatened by the recently established alliance between Yahdun-Lim and Eshnunna. Yahdun-Lim defeated the Yaminites but an open war with Yamhad was avoided.

Yahdun-Lim then became occupied by his rivalry with Shamshi-Adad I of Shubat-Enlil, the son of the late Ila-kabkabu.

He received pleas for help from kings threatened by Shamshi-Adad's expansionist plans. But before Yahdun-Lim could move against Shamshi-Adad, he was assassinated c. 1798 BC by his possible son Sumu-Yamam, who himself got assassinated two years after ascending the throne.

But according to William J. Hamblin, Yahdun-Lim was killed in a battle with Shamshi-Adad c. 1796 BC. Shamshi-Adad then assigned his son Yasmah-Adad to the lordship of Mari.

In the chaos that followed, Shamshi-Adad advanced and annexed Mari. The war ended in a defeat for Mari.