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Alonei Abba
Alonei Abba (Hebrew: אַלּוֹנֵי אַבָּא, lit. 'Abba's Oaks') is a moshav shitufi in northern Israel. Located in the Lower Galilee near Bethlehem of Galilee and Alonim, in the hills east of Kiryat Tivon, it falls under the jurisdiction of the Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 933.
The modern village was founded in 1948 on the site of the historical Arab village of Umm el Amad, later the German Protestant Colony of Waldheim.
Archaeological investigations indicate that this was an industrial agricultural processing area in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. Among the remains found are Roman-period industrial oil press and a winepress, in addition to a paved path from the same era.
Umm al-'Amad was mentioned in the Ottoman defter for the year 1555–6, as Mezraa land, (that is, cultivated land), located in the Nahiya of Tabariyya of the Liwa of Safad. The land was designated as Ziamet land. In 1799 it appeared as a village Zebed on the Carte de l'Égypte (Description de l'Égypte) of Pierre Jacotin, and in the 1880s as Umm el Amed (Arabic: ام العمد) on the PEF Survey of Palestine. The 1799 Jacotin map had not surveyed the area; it was drawn based on the notes of an inhabitant of Shefa-ʻAmr and some parts are incorrect.
In 1859 the British consul Rogers stated that the population of Umm al-Amed was 100 and the tillage was ten feddans. In 1875 Victor Guérin found Umm al-Amed situated on a small plateau, surrounded by gardens. In spite of its name Umm al-Amed, which meant "The place with the columns", Guérin could find no columns.
In 1881 the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described it as standing in oak-woods on a hill-top. There was an ancient rock-cut sepulchre on the east side. A population list from about 1887 showed that Umm el Ahmad had about 55 inhabitants; all Muslims.
In 1907 the colony Waldheim (German: "Forest Home" or "Forestville") was founded by German Protestants affiliated with the Old-Prussian State Church on land purchased from the village of Umm al-Amed. Most of the colonists came from the German Colony (Haifa), which was founded by the Templers. In 1874, the Temple Society underwent a schism and envoys of the Evangelical State Church of Prussia's older Provinces successfully proselytised among the schismatics. Thus the Haifa German Colony became home to two Christian denominations and their congregations. While in Germany the Templers were regarded as sectarians, the Evangelical proselytes gained major financial and ideological support from Lutheran and United church bodies. This created an atmosphere of mistrust and envy among the German colonists in Haifa. Due to population increase and the ongoing urbanisation of Haifa, they searched for land to found new monodenominational colonies. Thus the Protestants founded Waldheim, while Templers settled in the neighbouring Bethlehem of Galilee.
The purchase price of 170,000 francs was financed by a Haifa-based bank Darlehenskasse der deutschen evangelischen Gemeinde Haifa GmbH and completely refinanced by the Stuttgarter Gesellschaft zur Förderung der deutschen Ansiedlungen in Palästina. The colony comprised 7,200,000 square meters (7,200 dunams).
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Alonei Abba
Alonei Abba (Hebrew: אַלּוֹנֵי אַבָּא, lit. 'Abba's Oaks') is a moshav shitufi in northern Israel. Located in the Lower Galilee near Bethlehem of Galilee and Alonim, in the hills east of Kiryat Tivon, it falls under the jurisdiction of the Jezreel Valley Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 933.
The modern village was founded in 1948 on the site of the historical Arab village of Umm el Amad, later the German Protestant Colony of Waldheim.
Archaeological investigations indicate that this was an industrial agricultural processing area in the Hellenistic and Roman periods. Among the remains found are Roman-period industrial oil press and a winepress, in addition to a paved path from the same era.
Umm al-'Amad was mentioned in the Ottoman defter for the year 1555–6, as Mezraa land, (that is, cultivated land), located in the Nahiya of Tabariyya of the Liwa of Safad. The land was designated as Ziamet land. In 1799 it appeared as a village Zebed on the Carte de l'Égypte (Description de l'Égypte) of Pierre Jacotin, and in the 1880s as Umm el Amed (Arabic: ام العمد) on the PEF Survey of Palestine. The 1799 Jacotin map had not surveyed the area; it was drawn based on the notes of an inhabitant of Shefa-ʻAmr and some parts are incorrect.
In 1859 the British consul Rogers stated that the population of Umm al-Amed was 100 and the tillage was ten feddans. In 1875 Victor Guérin found Umm al-Amed situated on a small plateau, surrounded by gardens. In spite of its name Umm al-Amed, which meant "The place with the columns", Guérin could find no columns.
In 1881 the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described it as standing in oak-woods on a hill-top. There was an ancient rock-cut sepulchre on the east side. A population list from about 1887 showed that Umm el Ahmad had about 55 inhabitants; all Muslims.
In 1907 the colony Waldheim (German: "Forest Home" or "Forestville") was founded by German Protestants affiliated with the Old-Prussian State Church on land purchased from the village of Umm al-Amed. Most of the colonists came from the German Colony (Haifa), which was founded by the Templers. In 1874, the Temple Society underwent a schism and envoys of the Evangelical State Church of Prussia's older Provinces successfully proselytised among the schismatics. Thus the Haifa German Colony became home to two Christian denominations and their congregations. While in Germany the Templers were regarded as sectarians, the Evangelical proselytes gained major financial and ideological support from Lutheran and United church bodies. This created an atmosphere of mistrust and envy among the German colonists in Haifa. Due to population increase and the ongoing urbanisation of Haifa, they searched for land to found new monodenominational colonies. Thus the Protestants founded Waldheim, while Templers settled in the neighbouring Bethlehem of Galilee.
The purchase price of 170,000 francs was financed by a Haifa-based bank Darlehenskasse der deutschen evangelischen Gemeinde Haifa GmbH and completely refinanced by the Stuttgarter Gesellschaft zur Förderung der deutschen Ansiedlungen in Palästina. The colony comprised 7,200,000 square meters (7,200 dunams).