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Amnon Rubinstein
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Amnon Rubinstein
Amnon Rubinstein (Hebrew: אמנון רובינשטיין; 5 September 1931 – 18 January 2024) was an Israeli legal scholar, politician and recipient of the Israel Prize. A member of the Knesset between 1977 and 2002, he served in several ministerial positions. He is referred to as the “founding father of Israeli Constitutional Law” In later life he was dean of the Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) in Herzliya and a patron of Liberal International.
Rubinstein was born in Tel Aviv to Aharon, a building contractor and founder of the "Rubinstein Group", and Rachel, who immigrated from Poland to Israel in the early 1920s. His family opposed Labor Zionism and in his youth, he supported the Irgun. Rubinstein was active in public life from a young age. In the early 1950s, he was a member of the Volunteers' Row, a public organization aimed at fighting corruption and helping new immigrants. He attended the Geula Commercial High School in Tel Aviv and later at a high school in Baltimore, United States. During his mandatory service in the Israel Defense Forces, he served as an officer in the Artillery Corps. He later retrained and served in the anti-aircraft unit, continuing his service there in the reserves.
After his military service, Rubinstein studied in law, economics, and international relations at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He did his legal internship at the State Attorney's Office and also with attorney Haim Yosef Zadok, who later became the Minister of Justice. Rubinstein was licensed as a lawyer in 1961. He received his Ph.D. in law from the London School of Economics in 1960. His doctoral dissertation, titled "Void and Voidable Actions in Administrative Law", was published as a book by Oxford University Press.
At the age of 25, during his studies, Rubinstein married Roni a fellow student and granddaughter of Jacob and Perla Shlush, founders of Tel Aviv. They met at Kibbutz Afikim during fortification work prior to the Suez Crisis. Roni later became a lawyer, and the couple had a son and a daughter.
Rubinstein returned to public activism after the Yom Kippur War. In March 1974, he co-founded the Shinui Party. Shinui merged with other liberal groups to form Democratic Movement for Change (Dash) in November 1976. Dash won 15 seats in the 1977 elections, but did not achieve its aim of being a decisive political force as Menachem Begin formed a government without its support. When Dash joined Begin’s government in November of that year, Rubinstein refused to join the coalition, arguing that its platform was insufficiently represented in the agreement.
Dash split into three parties on September 14, 1978. Rubinstein led a faction called the Movement for Change and Initiative, later renamed Shinui – Center Party. The new Shinui was elected to the 10th Knesset, the 11th Knesset, and the 12th Knesset. In 1992, Shinui merged with the Ratz and Mapam parties to form Meretz.
Rubinstein significantly advanced the Israeli Constitution Project. During the 12th Knesset, he initiated the proposal for the Basic Law on Human Rights and suggested splitting it into four separate proposals, including the Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty and the Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation. This strategy led to the successful passage of both laws.
Elected to the 9th Knesset in the 1977 elections, Rubinstein and served continuously until 2002. He held various leadership roles, including chairing the Constitution, Law and Justice Committee (in the 15th Knesset), the Economic Affairs Committee (in the 14th Knesset), and the State Control Committee (in the 15th Knesset). He was also a member of the Judicial Selection Committee.
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Amnon Rubinstein
Amnon Rubinstein (Hebrew: אמנון רובינשטיין; 5 September 1931 – 18 January 2024) was an Israeli legal scholar, politician and recipient of the Israel Prize. A member of the Knesset between 1977 and 2002, he served in several ministerial positions. He is referred to as the “founding father of Israeli Constitutional Law” In later life he was dean of the Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) in Herzliya and a patron of Liberal International.
Rubinstein was born in Tel Aviv to Aharon, a building contractor and founder of the "Rubinstein Group", and Rachel, who immigrated from Poland to Israel in the early 1920s. His family opposed Labor Zionism and in his youth, he supported the Irgun. Rubinstein was active in public life from a young age. In the early 1950s, he was a member of the Volunteers' Row, a public organization aimed at fighting corruption and helping new immigrants. He attended the Geula Commercial High School in Tel Aviv and later at a high school in Baltimore, United States. During his mandatory service in the Israel Defense Forces, he served as an officer in the Artillery Corps. He later retrained and served in the anti-aircraft unit, continuing his service there in the reserves.
After his military service, Rubinstein studied in law, economics, and international relations at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He did his legal internship at the State Attorney's Office and also with attorney Haim Yosef Zadok, who later became the Minister of Justice. Rubinstein was licensed as a lawyer in 1961. He received his Ph.D. in law from the London School of Economics in 1960. His doctoral dissertation, titled "Void and Voidable Actions in Administrative Law", was published as a book by Oxford University Press.
At the age of 25, during his studies, Rubinstein married Roni a fellow student and granddaughter of Jacob and Perla Shlush, founders of Tel Aviv. They met at Kibbutz Afikim during fortification work prior to the Suez Crisis. Roni later became a lawyer, and the couple had a son and a daughter.
Rubinstein returned to public activism after the Yom Kippur War. In March 1974, he co-founded the Shinui Party. Shinui merged with other liberal groups to form Democratic Movement for Change (Dash) in November 1976. Dash won 15 seats in the 1977 elections, but did not achieve its aim of being a decisive political force as Menachem Begin formed a government without its support. When Dash joined Begin’s government in November of that year, Rubinstein refused to join the coalition, arguing that its platform was insufficiently represented in the agreement.
Dash split into three parties on September 14, 1978. Rubinstein led a faction called the Movement for Change and Initiative, later renamed Shinui – Center Party. The new Shinui was elected to the 10th Knesset, the 11th Knesset, and the 12th Knesset. In 1992, Shinui merged with the Ratz and Mapam parties to form Meretz.
Rubinstein significantly advanced the Israeli Constitution Project. During the 12th Knesset, he initiated the proposal for the Basic Law on Human Rights and suggested splitting it into four separate proposals, including the Basic Law: Human Dignity and Liberty and the Basic Law: Freedom of Occupation. This strategy led to the successful passage of both laws.
Elected to the 9th Knesset in the 1977 elections, Rubinstein and served continuously until 2002. He held various leadership roles, including chairing the Constitution, Law and Justice Committee (in the 15th Knesset), the Economic Affairs Committee (in the 14th Knesset), and the State Control Committee (in the 15th Knesset). He was also a member of the Judicial Selection Committee.
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