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The area around the Nippon Budokan was originally where Tsuchi-do Shrine (formerly Tayasu Myojin), the guardian deity of the Kanto region, was relocated when Ota Dokan built Edo Castle, and later, when Tokugawa Ieyasu entered the city, it became the residence of the Kanto magistrate Naito Kiyonari and others, and was therefore called Daikan-cho. Later, it became the residence of Tokugawa Tadanaga and Tokugawa Tsunashige, and from the mid-Edo period onwards, the Tayasu Tokugawa family, one of the three branches of the Tokugawa clan, had their residence there, but after the Meiji Restoration it was demolished and became a barracks for the Imperial Guard Division.
History leading up to the construction and the Olympics
In June 1961, when judo was selected as an official sport for the 1964 Tokyo Summer Olympics, some judo-loving Diet members formed the Diet Members Judo Association. At the launch celebration held at Nippon Television's outdoor studio, House of Representatives member Matsutarō Shōriki, who became the association's chairman, stated, "I want to build a world-class martial arts hall in the center of Tokyo and promote the development and spread of this art." On June 30, the Diet Members' Association for the Construction of the Martial Arts Hall (Chairman: Matsutaro Shoriki; Vice-chairmen: Mikio Mizuta, Shigeyoshi Matsumae, Yonosuke Sato [jp], and Munenori Akagi) was formed.[5]
This initiative received signatures from 525 cross-party lawmakers, including House of Representatives Speaker Ichirō Kiyose, House of Councillors Speaker Matsuno Kakuhei, Prime Minister Hayato Ikeda, Japan Socialist Party Chairman Jōtarō Kawakami, Democratic Socialist Party Chairman Suehiro Nishio, and Japanese Communist Party Chairman Sanzo Nosaka.
On 31 January 1962, with the approval of the Minister of Education, the Nippon Budokan Foundation (Chairman: Matsutaro Shoriki; Vice-chairmen: Atsutaro Kimura, Shigeyoshi Matsumae; Chairman of the Board: Munenori Akagi) was established.[6] After much deliberation, the site for the building was finally decided upon in Kitanomaru, and the Nippon Budokan was completed on 15 September 1964.[7] The opening ceremony was held on October 3, in the presence of Emperor Showa and Empress Kojun. On 15 October, the Tokyo Olympic martial arts exhibition competitions (kendo, kyudo, and sumo) were held, and from 20 to 23 October, the Olympic judo competitions. Since then, in line with its founding purpose, the Nippon Budokan has been used to promote and popularize various martial arts, hosting various martial arts tournaments, and also for various national events with a public mission.
The 57th Japan National Kendo Championship (November 3, 2009) The 55th JKA All-Japan Karate Championship (2012)Outside and inside of Nippon Budokan configured for a concert, 2024The Nippon Budokan during the cherry blossom season
Although the Budokan also functions as a venue for big musical events, its primary purpose is for Japanese martial arts. The national championships of the different branches of major martial arts (judo, kendo, karate, aikido, etc.) are held annually at the Budokan. The Budokan has also been associated with professional wrestling's big shows, typically from All Japan Pro Wrestling and Pro Wrestling Noah. However, due to declining audiences following the death of Mitsuharu Misawa and the retirement of Kenta Kobashi, professional wrestling has ceased running regular shows in the Budokan. During Wrestle Kingdom 12, New Japan Pro-Wrestling announced that its yearly G1 Climax tournament's finals would be held at the Budokan.[8]
The Beatles were the first rock group to perform at the Budokan in a series of five shows held between June 30 and July 2, 1966.[9] Their appearances were met with opposition from those who felt the appearance of a western pop group would defile the martial arts arena.[10]
In July 1973, Japanese television recorded the Santana performance at the Budokan.
The Budokan gained worldwide fame when American artists Cheap Trick and Bob Dylan used the arena to record their performances, Cheap Trick at Budokan (1978) and Bob Dylan at Budokan (1979). The venue is popular for recording live albums because it has good acoustics, is relatively large and Japanese audiences are known for being highly appreciative when appropriate but quiet during performances.[11]Eric Clapton described the Tokyo audience as "almost overappreciative" in interviews promoting Just One Night (1980), his own live album recorded at the Budokan.[12]
Diana Ross; 1977; "An Evening with Diana Ross" concert was videotaped during her 1977 tour
Julie Andrews; 1977 "An Evening with Julie Andrews" concert was part of a highly acclaimed sold out national tour of Japan by Julie Andrews
Eikichi Yazawa; 1977; Super Live Nippon Budokan, recorded his Budokan concerts of 1977
Devo; 1979 "The Men Who Make the Music" Japanese TV broadcast. A clip of "Red Eye Express" from this show is included in The Men Who Make The Music home video
BOØWY; 1986–1987; July 2, 1986 – "Just a Hero Tour"; November 11 & December 10, 1986, February 24, 1987 – "GIGS at BUDOKAN"; November 3 & December 1, 1987 – "DR.FEELMAN'S PSYCHOPATHIC HEARTS CLUB BAND"
Dead or Alive; 1987 video Rip It Up Live (VHS/Laserdisc)
Suzuko Mimori; October 27–28, 2016; Mimori Suzuko Live Tour 2016 "Grand Revue" Final at Nippon Budokan
Eir Aoi; November 4–5, 2016; Eir Aoi 5th Anniversary Special Live 2016 ～Last Blue～ at Nippon Budokan
My First Story; November 18, 2016; We're Just Waiting 4 You Tour 2016 Final at Budokan
Lee Jun-ho; December 3–4, 2016, Last Hyper Night Special Encore Concert
Asian Kung-Fu Generation; January 10–11, 2017; Tour 2016 – 2017 20th Anniversary Live DVD/Blu-Ray Eizo Sakushin Shu Vol.13
Mayday; February 3–4, 2017; Re-DNA 2017 Re-issue version
Journey; February 7, 2017; recorded live CD/DVD Live in Japan 2017
ClariS; February 10, 2017; ClariS 1st Budōkan Concert ~Futatsu no Kamen to Ushinawareta Taiyō~ (ClariS 1st Budōkan Concert: Two Masks and the Lost Sun)
Versailles; February 14, 2017; Chateau de Versailles at Nippon Budokan
The Oral Cigarettes; June 16, 2017; Unofficial Dining Tour 2017 at Nippon Budokan
Taemin; July 1–2, 2017; TAEMIN The 1st Stage Nippon Budokan
As well as holding the Live Concert in appreciation of the Popular Anime series Lucky Star: Live in Budokan (Anata No Tame Dakara).
A concert was held in honor of Studio Ghibli's 25th anniversary at the Budokan, hosted by Joe Hisaishi. It included repertoire from most of the films Hisaishi composed for Hayao Miyazaki's Studio Ghibli filmography.
Diana Ross performed and taped her "Here and Now" television special in 1991 to a sold-out audience.
The Japan Record Awards took place in the arena from 1985 to 1993 where all of the artists from around the country receive these awards.
Muhammad Ali won a unanimous decision over Mac Foster in their 1972 heavyweight boxing match.
On February 13, 1975, a religious gathering was held to hear Rev. Sun Myung Moon speak.[51]
On August 27, 2011, Japan's three biggest professional wrestling promotions; All Japan Pro Wrestling, New Japan Pro-Wrestling and Pro Wrestling Noah came together to produce a charity event titled All Together at the arena. On August 10, 11 and 12, 2018 New Japan Pro-Wrestling held the final 3 days of the G1 Climax in the Budokan, which marked the first time in 15 years that New Japan has promoted an event there. New Japan once again returned to the arena for the final 3 days of the 2019 G1 Climax. New Japan also held the Best of the Super Jr. and World Tag League finals in December 2021, as well as their 49th Anniversary Show and the final two days of the G1 Climax in 2021.
In November, the Budokan is a venue for the annual Japan Self-Defense Forces Marching Festival, a yearly tradition and the nation's military tattoo first held here in the fall of 1963. Aside from JSDF bands, foreign armed forces military bands are also invited to join the event.[52]
The Nippon Budokan is the primary setting of the 1989 fighting gameBudokan: The Martial Spirit. Players train in various Japanese martial arts, and must then face off at the Budokan arena against computer-controlled opponents.
^The 50-Year History of the Nippon Budokan Public Interest Incorporated Foundation. The Nippon Budokan Public Interest Incorporated Foundation. 2015. pp. 118–119.
^The 50-Year History of the Nippon Budokan Public Interest Incorporated Foundation. The Nippon Budokan Public Interest Incorporated Foundation. 2015. p. 120.
^"安倍元首相の「国葬」9月27日実施で最終調整 政府" [Government finalizing plan for former Prime Minister Abe's "state funeral" to be held on September 27]. NHK NEWS WEB (in Japanese). July 20, 2022. Archived from the original on July 20, 2022. Retrieved July 20, 2022.
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