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Chrysuronia
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| Chrysuronia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Golden-tailed sapphire, (Chrysuronia oenone) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Clade: | Strisores |
| Order: | Apodiformes |
| Family: | Trochilidae |
| Tribe: | Trochilini |
| Genus: | Chrysuronia Bonaparte, 1850 |
| Type species | |
| Ornismya oenone (golden-tailed sapphire) Lesson, R, 1832
| |
| Species | |
|
10, see text | |
Chrysuronia is a genus of hummingbirds in the family Trochilidae, all of which are native to Central and South America.
Taxonomy
[edit]The genus Chrysuronia was introduced in 1850 by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte.[1] Bonaparte did not specify a type species but this was designated as the golden-tailed sapphire in 1855 by George Robert Gray.[2][3] The genus name is a portmanteau of the specific names of two synonyms of the golden-tailed sapphire: Ornismya chrysura Lesson, R, 1832 and Ornismia oenone Lesson, 1832.[4]
This genus formerly included only a single species, the golden-tailed sapphire. A molecular phylogenetic study published in 2014 found that the genera Amazilia and Lepidopyga were polyphyletic.[5] In the revised classification to create monophyletic genera, Chrysuronia was broadened to include species that had previous been placed in Amazilia, Hylocharis and Lepidopyga.[6][7]
The genus now contains ten species:[6]
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shining-green hummingbird
Male
|
Chrysuronia goudoti (Bourcier, 1843) |
Colombia and Venezuela
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Golden-tailed sapphire
Male
|
Chrysuronia oenone (Lesson, R, 1832) |
Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Versicolored emerald
Male |
Chrysuronia versicolor (Vieillot, 1818) |
northern Bolivia, eastern Paraguay, far north-eastern Argentina, and eastern, southern and central Brazil
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
EN
|
| Mangrove hummingbird
|
Chrysuronia boucardi (Mulsant, 1877) |
Costa Rica.
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Sapphire-throated hummingbird
Male |
Chrysuronia coeruleogularis (Gould, 1851) Three subspecies
|
Panama, Colombia, and more recently Costa Rica
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Sapphire-bellied hummingbird | Chrysuronia lilliae (Stone, 1917) |
Colombia
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
EN
|
| Humboldt's sapphire
|
Chrysuronia humboldtii (Bourcier & Mulsant, 1852) |
Colombia, Ecuador, and Panama
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Blue-headed sapphire
|
Chrysuronia grayi (Delattre & Bourcier, 1846) |
Colombia and Ecuador.
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| White-chested emerald
|
Chrysuronia brevirostris (Lesson, R, 1829) Three subspecies
|
Brazil, the Guianas, Trinidad, and Venezuela.
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
| Plain-bellied emerald
|
Chrysuronia leucogaster (Gmelin, JF, 1788) Two subspecies
|
Brazil, the Guianas, and Venezuela.
|
Size: Habitat: Diet: |
LC
|
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References
[edit]- ^ Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1850). Conspectus Generum Avium (in Latin). Vol. 1. Leiden: E.J. Brill. p. 75.
- ^ Gray, George Robert (1855). Catalogue of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds Contained in the British Museum. London: British Museum. p. 23.
- ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1945). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 5. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 55.
- ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ McGuire, J.; Witt, C.; Remsen, J.V.; Corl, A.; Rabosky, D.; Altshuler, D.; Dudley, R. (2014). "Molecular phylogenetics and the diversification of hummingbirds". Current Biology. 24 (8): 910–916. Bibcode:2014CBio...24..910M. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.016. PMID 24704078.
- ^ a b Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (August 2024). "Hummingbirds". IOC World Bird List Version 14.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
- ^ Stiles, F.G.; Remsen, J.V. Jr.; Mcguire, J.A. (2017). "The generic classification of the Trochilini (Aves: Trochilidae): Reconciling taxonomy with phylogeny". Zootaxa. 4353 (3): 401–424. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4353.3.1. PMID 29245495.
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