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Cottoidei
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| Cottoidei Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| |
| European bullhead (Cottus gobio) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Perciformes |
| Suborder: | Cottoidei Agassiz, 1835[1] |
| Type species | |
| Cottus gobio Linnaeus, 1758
| |
| Families | |
|
See text | |
Cottoidei is a suborder of ray-finned fishes in the order Perciformes. It contains sculpins, snailfish, blobfish, greenlings, and sablefish.[2] They are primarily found in temperate, polar, and deep waters, especially in the Northern Hemisphere.
Taxonomy
[edit]Cottoidei was first proposed as a taxonomic grouping in 1835 by the Swiss-American zoologist Louis Agassiz.[1] The 5th edition of Fishes of the World classifies the Cottoidei as a suborder of the order Scorpaeniformes.[3] Other workers have found that if the Scorpaeniformes, as delimited in Fishes of the World, is not included in the Perciformes it renders the Perciformes paraphyletic. These workers retain the Cottoidei as a suborder within the Perciformes but include the zoarcoids and Sticklebacks and allies as the infraorders Zoarcales and Gasterosteales while reclassifying most superfamilies of Fishes of the World as infraorders.[4] Presently, Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes keeps it as a suborder of Perciformes.[2]
Fossil otoliths of cottoids date to the Early Eocene, while skeletal remains only appear from the Early Oligocene onwards.[5]
Subdivisions
[edit]The Cottoidei is divided into the following superfamilies, families and subfamilies:[3][6][2]
- Superfamily Anoplopomatoidea Quast, 1965[7]
- Family Anoplopomatidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Sablefishes)
- Superfamily Zaniolepidoidea Shinohara, 1994[8]
- Family Zaniolepididae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Combfishes)
- Superfamily Hexagrammoidea Shinohara, 1994[8]
- Family Hexagrammidae Jordan, 1888 (Greenlings)
- Subfamily Hexagramminae Jordan, 1888 (greenlings)
- Subfamily Pleurogramminae Rutenberg, 1954 (Atka mackerels)
- Subfamily Ophiodontinae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (lingcods)
- Subfamily Oxylebiinae Gill, 1862 (painted greenlings)
- Family Hexagrammidae Jordan, 1888 (Greenlings)
- Superfamily Trichodontoidea Nazarkin & Voskoboinikova, 2000[9]
- Family Trichodontidae Bleeker, 1859 (Sandfishes)
- Superfamily Cottoidea Gill, 1889[10]
- Family Rhamphocottidae Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 (Grunt sculpins)
- Family Cottidae Bonaparte, 1831 (Sculpins)
- Family Psychrolutidae Günther, 1861 (Bighead sculpins) (=Bathylutichthyidae)
- Family Jordaniidae Jordan & Evermann, 1898 (Longfin sculpins) (=Scorpaenichthyidae)
- Family Agonidae Swainson, 1839 (Poachers and sea ravens)
- Subfamily Agoninae Swainson, 1839 (sturgeon poachers)
- Subfamily Anoplagoninae Gill, 1861 (alligator fishes)
- Subfamily Bathyagoninae Lindberg, 1971 (starsnouts)
- Subfamily Brachyopsinae Jordan & Evermann, 1898 (uppermouth poachers)
- Subfamily Hypsagoninae Gill, 1861 (dragon poachers)
- Subfamily Bothragoninae Lindberg, 1971 (rockheads)
- Subfamily Hemitripterinae Gill, 1865 (sailfin sculpins)
- Superfamily Cyclopteroidea Gill, 1873[11]
- Family Cyclopteridae Bonaparte, 1831 (lumpfishes or lumpsuckers)
- Subfamily Cyclopterinae Bonaparte, 1831 (lumpsuckers)
- Subfamily Liparopsinae Garman, 1892 (smooth lumpsuckers)
- Subfamily Eumicrotreminae Oku, Imamura & Yabe, 2017 (spiny lumpsuckers)
- Family Liparidae Gill, 1861 (Snailfishes)
- Family Cyclopteridae Bonaparte, 1831 (lumpfishes or lumpsuckers)
References
[edit]- ^ a b "†suborder Cottoidei Agassiz 1835". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
- ^ a b c Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2025-02-10.
- ^ a b J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 467–495. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
- ^ Ricardo Betancur-R; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; et al. (2017). "Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (162): 162. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3. PMC 5501477. PMID 28683774.
- ^ Nazarkin, M. V. (2017-01-01). "A new horned sculpin (Pisces: Cottidae) from the Miocene of Sakhalin Island, Russia". Paleontological Journal. 51 (1): 77–86. doi:10.1134/S0031030117010099. ISSN 1555-6174.
- ^ Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
- ^ Catherine W. Mecklenburg (2003). "Family Anoplopomatidae Jordan & Gilbert 1883 sablefishes" (PDF). California Academy of Sciences Annotated Checklists of Fishes. 2.
- ^ a b Catherine W. Mecklenburg & William N. Eschmeyer (2003). "Family Hexagrammidae Gill 1889 Greenlings" (PDF). California Academy of Sciences Annotated Checklists of Fishes. 2.
- ^ Catherine W. Mecklenburg (2003). "Family Trichodontidae Bleeker 1859 — sand fishes" (PDF). California Academy of Sciences Annotated Checklists of Fishes. 15.
- ^ Mamoru Yabe (1985). "Comaprative Osteology and Myology of the Superfamily Cottoidea Pisces:Scorpaeniformes), and its Phylogenetic Classification". Memoirs off the Faculty of Fishes Hokkaido University. 32 (1): 1–130. S2CID 81835479.
- ^ Catherine W. Mecklenburg & Boris A. Sheiko (2003). "Family Cyclopteridae Bonaparte 1831 - lumpsuckers" (PDF). 6.
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