Hubbry Logo
Driving rangeDriving rangeMain
Open search
Driving range
Community hub
Driving range
logo
8 pages, 0 posts
0 subscribers
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Driving range
Driving range
Driving range
View on Wikipedia
from Wikipedia
Driving range with 43 tees (20 covered) at the University of Washington
Two-story driving range in Kanagawa, Japan (June 2023)
The driving range in a golf course Madrid, Spain
3 story driving range at night

A driving range is a facility or area where golfers can practice their golf swing. It can also be a recreational activity itself for amateur golfers or when enough time for a full game is not available. Many golf courses have a driving range attached and they are also found as stand-alone facilities, especially in urban areas. They are typically run by businesses or sometimes by universities.[1][2] Distances are usually marked by target greens at regular distances. Driving ranges may have natural grass, similar to a golf course, or players may use synthetic mats that resemble real turf.

Golfers pay for various sizes of buckets of balls and hit at their leisure. Some ranges feature electronic tee devices, which load balls automatically, and record ball use on a smart card. Often there are golf professionals available to give lessons and instruction. Balls are retrieved by a specialty cart with a brush and roller attachment that automatically picks up balls and a cage that protects the driver from incoming balls. In urban and suburban areas, large nets protect surrounding people and structures from errant balls. Driving ranges are particularly popular in Japan where golf courses are overcrowded and often very expensive.[3] Many commercial driving ranges are seen in conjunction with other sports-related practice areas such as batting cages or miniature golf. Some driving ranges also offer areas for practice chip shots, bunker shots, and putting.

Driving ranges may use golf balls that differ significantly from those used on the golf course. Range balls, as they are known, are often cheap and specially designed with a harder cover to make them more durable. As such they also may not necessarily conform to the rules of golf. In order to distinguish them from other type of ball, they may have a distinct coloring or colored band and be stamped with the word "range".[4]

See also

[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Driving ranges.

References

[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Driving range

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
A driving range is a dedicated practice facility in where players hit balls from teeing areas into a large open field, typically equipped with targets at varying distances to simulate on-course shots. Also known as a practice range or learning center, it serves primarily for honing full swings with drivers and irons, though some include short-game areas for chipping and putting. These facilities are commonly found adjacent to courses or as standalone commercial operations, providing golfers of all skill levels with a controlled environment to build consistency and technique without the pressures of full rounds. The core purpose of a driving range is to facilitate skill development, warm-ups, and recreational practice, allowing golfers to refine mechanics, accuracy, and distance control in a focused setting. By offering unlimited or bucket-based access to specialized range balls—designed for durability and reduced flight distance—ranges promote repeated shots that enhance and confidence before competitive play. This practice model supports both beginners learning fundamentals and professionals maintaining form, and has been linked to increased participation by making skill-building more accessible. Historically, driving ranges evolved from rudimentary warm-up spots in the early to essential amenities by the mid-1900s, initially serving as simple open fields for pre-round shots. Their popularity exploded in the with the introduction of unlimited ball programs, shifting them from afterthoughts to revenue-generating hubs that demanded larger, better-maintained infrastructure. Today, ranges are integral to facilities worldwide, with the emphasizing sustainable designs to handle heavy use while preserving turf health. Modern driving ranges feature advanced elements like covered hitting bays and automated systems, alongside grass or synthetic turf tees to ensure year-round usability and minimal environmental impact. Many incorporate such as launch monitors for swing analysis or interactive like Toptracer to engage casual visitors, blending practice with entertainment. Optimal designs recommend 1-2 acres of space with stable rootzones and for turf varieties like Kentucky bluegrass or perennial ryegrass, promoting longevity amid intensive traffic.

Definition and Purpose

Definition

A driving range is a specialized facility or designated area where golfers practice their swings by striking golf balls toward marked targets at varying distances, serving as a controlled environment for development without the structured of a full . This practice area, also referred to as a practice range or range, enables repetitive shots to improve technique, distance control, and accuracy. Key components of a driving range include teeing areas, typically consisting of grass surfaces or synthetic mats to simulate fairway conditions and withstand heavy use, from which golfers hit . Target zones are positioned at intervals, often featuring flags, poles, or artificial greens to provide visual aiming points, with distance markers such as stakes or signs indicating ranges from 50 to 300 yards to help gauge shot lengths. Additionally, ball collection systems—ranging from manual pickers to automated tracks and washers—facilitate the retrieval, cleaning, and redistribution of range , ensuring efficient operation and sustainability. In contrast to a , which comprises multiple , fairways, roughs, and hazards designed for complete rounds of play under official rules, a driving range lacks these elements and focuses exclusively on unrestricted practice. It also differs from a putting green, a smaller area dedicated solely to short-game putting and chipping around a hole, without provisions for full-swing shots.

Purpose and Benefits

Driving ranges serve as dedicated facilities where golfers can practice their swings and shots in a controlled setting, primarily to refine swing , improve club selection, and enhance overall accuracy without the pressures of a full course round. This focused environment allows users to repeat shots repeatedly, building and consistency in techniques such as grip, posture, and ball striking. Additionally, they provide an ideal space for warming up before a round or , enabling golfers to stretch, loosen muscles, and gauge distances with various clubs to prepare mentally and physically. For recreational purposes, driving ranges offer a low-commitment way to enjoy hitting balls, often incorporating social elements like lounges or cafes, making them a relaxing alternative to playing an entire 18-hole game. The benefits of using driving ranges are particularly pronounced for , who gain accessibility through low-cost entry—often without requiring tee times or fees—and a supportive atmosphere free from course constraints. Time efficiency is another key advantage, as sessions can be completed in short durations, allowing targeted practice on specific skills like distance control or error correction without dedicating hours to a full round. In terms of , the controlled setup promotes proper warm-ups and repetitive motions that build strength, flexibility, and coordination, reducing the risk of strains from improper form or overexertion on actual courses. Driving ranges appeal to a broad demographic, including golfers seeking foundational development, professionals conducting repetition drills to maintain precision, and casual players in urban areas who value the convenience of nearby facilities. This inclusivity across levels and lifestyles fosters confidence and long-term engagement with the sport, as regular visits help users identify weaknesses and track progress in a non-competitive setting.

History

Origins

The origins of driving ranges trace back to the early in the United States, emerging as dedicated spaces for golfers to hone their swings amid the sport's rising popularity. Following , golf experienced a significant boom, with participation surging as the game transitioned from an elite pastime to a more accessible activity; by the early , public courses and related facilities proliferated across America. This growth spurred the development of practice areas, evolving from informal hitting zones on open fields adjacent to golf clubs to more organized venues. Early ranges typically featured natural grass or dirt surfaces, where players supplied their own clubs and balls, and retrieval involved manual collection by golfers or attendants. One of the earliest dedicated practice ranges, known as Maniac Hill, opened at in in 1913. An early commercial driving range opened in in 1915, catering to urban golfers seeking convenient swing practice without traversing full courses. These early setups were rudimentary, often utilizing surplus land near clubs with simple markers for distance gauging, and emphasized long-iron and shots to simulate tee play. The developments coincided with broader innovations in infrastructure, such as the United States Golf Association's establishment of its Green Section for turfgrass research in 1920. By the late , the concept gained institutional support from various organizations promoting standardized development and operations for these facilities. In the , similar practice areas began appearing in conjunction with public courses during the same decade, reflecting parallel growth in 's democratization, though they remained tied closely to existing club grounds rather than standalone operations. Initial designs across both regions relied on open, unfenced fields for ball flight, with safety ensured through sparse usage and natural barriers, laying the groundwork for structured practice before mid-century .

Modern Development

The modern era of driving ranges began in the mid-20th century with significant expansion in the United States, fueled by postwar suburban growth and increasing participation. During the and , the number of public and private facilities proliferated as 's popularity surged, with many ranges adding multiple hitting bays to accommodate demand. A key innovation was the invention of the first automatic ball dispenser in the early , which replaced manual ball loading and grass tees, streamlining operations and enhancing . By the , these advancements had solidified driving ranges as essential practice venues, contributing to the overall growth of the U.S. industry. Technological milestones further transformed ranges in the latter half of the century. In the , synthetic mats and were introduced, providing durable, all-weather surfaces that reduced maintenance needs and allowed year-round use, with nylon-based materials gaining widespread adoption. The saw a boom in , particularly , where land scarcity and the drove the proliferation of compact driving ranges as affordable alternatives to full courses, amid a surge in corporate culture. By the 1990s, electronic scoring systems emerged, using optical scanners and coded balls to track distances and accuracy, as exemplified by patented automated range technologies. Post-2000 developments emphasized indoor and tech-integrated facilities to address and seasonal limitations. Indoor driving ranges expanded significantly after the mid-2000s, enabled by advanced launch monitors and simulators that offered precise ball-flight analysis and virtual course play. Concepts like , launched in 2000, revolutionized the model by incorporating entertainment elements such as microchipped balls and scoring games, attracting non-golfers and boosting revenue. Globally, adoption surged in and during the , driven by urban population growth and golf's return to the Olympics in 2016, which increased participation and spurred investments in accessible practice facilities.

Design and Layout

Typical Layout

A typical golf driving range consists of a linear or semi-circular arrangement of 20 to 50 hitting bays positioned along the tee line at one end of the facility. These bays are spaced to allow comfortable swinging, usually 10 to 12 feet wide and 12 to 15 feet deep, often covered for weather protection. The range field extends 300 to 400 yards in depth and 150 to 300 yards in width, providing ample space for shots up to full driver distance while fitting on 15 to 20 acres of land. Distance markers, including flags, poles, or target greens, are strategically placed at 50-yard intervals—commonly at 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 yards—to help golfers gauge shot distances accurately. These markers may be color-coded for easy identification and can include simulated hazards like bunkers to mimic on-course conditions. The terrain of a driving range is generally flat or gently sloped to promote consistent ball flight and ease of maintenance, avoiding extreme contours that could pose safety risks. Safety is enhanced by perimeter netting or , typically 45 to 65 feet high and supported by poles spaced 50 to 100 feet apart, to contain errant shots and protect adjacent areas. Driving ranges are planned for capacities of 20 to 100 simultaneous users, scaled to the number of bays and facility size, with larger venues supporting higher volumes through multi-tiered or extended layouts. retrieval systems, such as automated pickers on vehicles or conveyor-equipped hoppers, efficiently collect and return balls to dispensing areas, minimizing downtime.

Equipment and Facilities

Core equipment at driving ranges primarily includes hitting mats designed to protect the underlying surface while simulating fairway conditions. These mats are typically constructed from durable rubber or synthetic turf materials, with synthetic options often featuring short-pile or artificial grass for realistic ball contact and tee placement versatility. Rubber-backed versions provide shock absorption and stability, reducing joint stress during repeated swings. Ball washers and club cleaners form essential components for maintaining hygiene and performance. Ball washers, often automated with rotating brushes and water jets, efficiently remove dirt, grass, and debris from range balls to ensure consistent play quality. Club cleaners, featuring internal buckets and scrubbing brushes, allow users to quickly restore grooves and faces on irons and woods. Many driving ranges incorporate optional short-game areas to enhance practice variety, including chipping greens and that replicate on-course challenges. These features, such as dedicated sand traps and contoured greens, enable focused work on approach shots and bunker play without leaving the facility. Ancillary facilities support user comfort and convenience, commonly including restrooms, pro shops stocked with apparel and accessories, and snack bars offering refreshments like sandwiches and beverages. systems for night use are prevalent in modern ranges, enabling extended operating hours and accommodating evening practice sessions. Maintenance infrastructure ensures operational efficiency, with ball cleaning machines automating the washing process to handle high volumes and prevent downtime. For grass-based ranges, systems maintain turf health by providing consistent watering, supporting resilient playing surfaces amid frequent use.

Types of Driving Ranges

Course-Attached Ranges

Course-attached driving ranges are facilities directly integrated into the of full-service courses, typically positioned adjacent to the clubhouse to facilitate seamless access for players. This proximity allows golfers to warm up immediately before or after a round without needing to travel to a separate location, enhancing the overall flow of course operations. These ranges often share maintenance staff and resources with the , including turf care crews that manage , mowing, and ball retrieval systems, which streamlines upkeep and reduces operational costs. A key advantage of this integration is the convenience it provides to club members and participants, who can practice shots in an environment that mirrors the course's conditions, such as similar grass types and target distances, thereby improving preparation and performance. Additionally, these ranges generate supplementary revenue for the by attracting non-golfers or casual visitors who pay for range access alone, without committing to a full round, which broadens the facility's appeal and supports financial . Typical dimensions for course-attached ranges are 300-500 feet (100-167 yards) wide by 900-1,200 feet (300-400 yards) long, encompassing 6-14 acres for basic to elaborate facilities, with some up to 20 acres including teeing areas, target zones, and buffer spaces for and . Prominent examples illustrate these features effectively, such as the practice range at in Georgia, a private course renowned for hosting the . Spanning 400 yards in length across 18 acres, this V-shaped facility includes 20 hitting bays with Bermuda and ryegrass tees, target greens at distances of 75, 150, 180, and 210 yards—bunkered to replicate elements like the course's second hole—and is situated adjacent to chipping greens, a putting surface, and the clubhouse area. Maintained by the club's dedicated staff to match the main course's A1 Bentgrass standards, it serves exclusively for pre-round warm-ups during events like the , the , and the Drive, Chip and Putt National Finals, underscoring its role in elite-level preparation. Similar integrations are seen at public facilities like Splitrock Golf Course in , where a 300-foot-wide by 900-foot-long range supports an attached 18-hole layout, sharing maintenance to boost beginner programs.

Standalone Ranges

Standalone driving ranges operate independently of golf courses, providing dedicated practice facilities primarily in densely populated urban environments to accommodate limited and high demand. These ranges are typically designed with smaller footprints compared to traditional setups, often spanning 100 to 250 yards in length to fit city constraints while allowing full swings with drivers and irons. To maximize capacity, they feature high-volume ball handling systems supporting numerous hitting bays, enabling simultaneous use by dozens or hundreds of golfers. In cities like and New York, standalone ranges frequently adopt multi-story or fully indoor configurations to optimize vertical space and shield against weather, noise, and urban encroachment. For instance, 's Lotte Kasai Driving Range is a three-story facility with 300 bays arranged in a semi-circular layout, catering to the city's enthusiasts in a compact suburban-adjacent site. Similarly, in , 21 Golf offers 54 heated indoor bays with views of the skyline, emphasizing year-round accessibility in a high-rise urban setting. Adaptations for urban operation include noise barriers through enclosed structures and LED lighting systems that support extended or 24-hour availability, reducing energy use while maintaining visibility for night practice. The business model of standalone ranges prioritizes broad public access, charging on a pay-per-bucket basis—typically $6 to $15 for small to large containers of 50 to 100 balls—without requiring memberships or reservations. This approach contrasts briefly with course-attached ranges by focusing on drop-in convenience for casual users rather than bundled course privileges.

Usage and Operations

Hitting and Practice Methods

At a driving range, the basic process begins with purchasing a of range , typically available in small sizes containing around 50 or large sizes with 100 or more, depending on the facility's offerings. Practitioners then select appropriate clubs from their bag, often starting with mid-irons like the 7- or 8-iron to establish a baseline for striking. To test and club selection, golfers aim at marked targets on the range—such as yardage flags at 50, 100, 150, and 200 yards—focusing on consistent flight and carry to simulate on-course scenarios. Effective practice incorporates targeted drills to refine technique. Alignment aids, such as placing a club or alignment stick on the ground parallel to the target line, help ensure proper stance and clubface orientation, reducing slices or hooks over repeated shots. Swing tempo exercises involve varying swing speed—hitting balls at 50%, 75%, and full effort with the same club—to develop and control, preventing rushed or overpowered swings. A common progression starts with shorter irons for precision and contact drills, gradually advancing to longer irons, hybrids, and finally drivers to build confidence in escalating distances while maintaining form. A typical driving range session lasts 45 to 90 minutes, allowing time for focused repetition without fatigue. It begins with a 5- to 10-minute warm-up using wedges for short, controlled swings to loosen muscles and groove fundamentals. The core practice follows, emphasizing drills and target work, before concluding with a brief cool-down of lighter swings or to aid recovery and reinforce positive habits.

Etiquette and Safety

Proper at a driving range emphasizes respect for and fellow to ensure a smooth and enjoyable practice session. Golfers should yield bays to those waiting, especially if planning to retrieve more balls, allowing others to access stalls without delay. Additionally, avoid hitting into occupied areas or attempting cross-angle shots that could endanger nearby users, sticking instead to straight-line trajectories aligned with designated targets. On grass ranges, players are expected to repair or minimize divots by creating clean, spaced patterns—leaving at least 4 inches of live turf between strips—to promote quick turf recovery, as recommended by the (USGA). Unsolicited coaching or swing advice is discouraged without explicit permission, as it can interrupt concentration and lead to unnecessary interactions. Safety protocols at driving ranges focus on preventing injuries from , errant shots, and environmental factors. While helmets are rare in practice settings, is strongly recommended to shield against accidental impacts from clubs, balls, or debris, with shatterproof lenses providing essential safeguards. Facility staff actively monitor the range for errant shots, particularly around ball-retrieval and workers, to mitigate risks from misdirected drives. Common hazards include slippery mats, especially when wet from or , which can cause slips during setup or swings; users should exercise caution and report slick conditions to staff. Ball retrieval poses another risk, as venturing onto the field to collect errant shots exposes individuals to incoming balls— should instead leave unused balls in buckets and alert staff if needed. In emergencies, such as injuries from falls or impacts, trained personnel follow established procedures including immediate , defibrillator use if available, and calling 911, with evacuation plans ensuring safe assembly away from hazards.

Balls and Technology

Range Balls

Range balls, also known as practice or limited-flight balls, are specifically engineered for durability in high-volume use at driving ranges, differing markedly from premium tournament balls used in competitive play. They typically feature a two-piece construction consisting of a solid rubber core—often harder than those in standard balls—and a tough Surlyn (ionomer) cover that resists cuts, scuffs, and cracking from repeated strikes. This design prioritizes longevity over spin and feel, resulting in a firmer impact and reduced aerodynamic efficiency that shortens flight distance by approximately 10-20% compared to conforming golf balls. Unlike balls approved by the (USGA) for tournament play, which must meet strict standards for size, weight, symmetry, and , range balls are intentionally non-conforming to further limit distance and keep shots contained within the range boundaries. Their simpler process, using cost-effective materials like Surlyn instead of multi-layer urethane constructions, allows for cheaper production—often at a fraction of the cost of premium balls—making them economical for bulk replacement in commercial settings. Range balls are often graded (e.g., A, B, or C) based on condition and performance, with higher grades offering better consistency and distance closer to premium balls. In terms of usage, range balls generally endure multiple practice sessions before significant wear necessitates replacement, influenced by factors like hitting surface and player swing speed. Environmentally, these balls are recyclable due to their components, but ranges experience high turnover rates as balls are frequently lost in water hazards or netting, contributing to waste accumulation and potential microplastic release in aquatic areas if not recovered; globally, an estimated 3–5 billion balls are lost annually, adding tens of thousands of tons of debris.

Technological Features

Modern driving ranges incorporate advanced technologies to enhance practice efficiency, provide data-driven feedback, and improve operational management. These innovations, including launch monitors and automated systems, allow golfers to analyze shots in real-time and streamline facility operations, catering to both recreational players and serious practitioners. Launch monitors represent a cornerstone of driving range technology, capturing detailed metrics such as ball speed, spin rate, launch angle, and carry to help golfers refine their technique. Devices like the TrackMan 4 utilize patented dual-radar and camera systems to deliver precise measurements, enabling users to visualize shot trajectories and optimize club selection during practice sessions. Similarly, Toptracer employs high-speed camera tracking to provide interactive visualizations of ball flight, integrating seamlessly into range bays for gamified practice experiences. Automated tee-up systems further elevate the practice environment by eliminating manual ball placement, allowing continuous swings without interruption. The Power Tee system, for instance, features a hopper that holds up to 100 and adjusts tee height electronically, increasing ball throughput by up to 50% and appealing to diverse users including beginners and seniors. App-based scoring complements these tools by enabling digital tracking of performance metrics; platforms integrated with systems like Toptracer allow users to log shots, compete in virtual challenges, and receive instant scores via mobile devices. Operational technologies enhance range efficiency and user engagement. RFID smart card systems facilitate contactless ball dispensing, where reusable cards store credits for bulk purchases, reducing wait times and enabling unattended operations with reliable, no-moving-parts readers. Video analysis bays, such as those equipped with Nugget Golf's AI cameras, capture swings in high definition for immediate playback and breakdown, helping users identify form issues through side-by-side comparisons and progress tracking. In premium setups, AI-powered swing coaches like Trackman's Tracy analyze launch monitor data to detect inefficiencies, offering personalized insights on aspects such as attack angle and body rotation to accelerate improvement without traditional instruction. Adoption of these technologies has surged in the , driven by demand for interactive experiences among new , with over 87% of newcomers planning to practice at ranges. Toptracer alone operates in more than 1,200 facilities worldwide, while the broader market for golf simulators and related indoor tech, including VR simulations for virtual course play and range practice, is projected to grow from $1.92 billion in 2025 to $3.95 billion by 2032, reflecting expanded use in urban and off-season settings.

Cultural and Economic Impact

Regional Popularity

In , particularly , driving ranges are exceptionally prevalent, with approximately 3,445 facilities operating as of 2022, reflecting the country's dense urban environments and high demand for accessible practice. Space limitations have driven the popularity of screen golf and simulator-based ranges, enabling year-round indoor play in multi-story structures that accommodate thousands of bays nationwide. These venues extend beyond mere practice, serving as vibrant social hubs equipped with food courts, bars, and entertainment features that draw families, young professionals, and casual groups for leisure outings. North American driving ranges prioritize outdoor, grass-based designs to mirror real-course realism, with facilities often featuring natural turf tees alongside synthetic options for varied practice conditions. Youth engagement stands out, bolstered by extensive school and community initiatives like The First Tee program, which has introduced golf to over 2 million young participants across the and since 1997, emphasizing character development through range-based sessions. Europe's driving range culture varies regionally, blending urban indoor setups in the and —where simulator technologies thrive amid frequent inclement weather and city constraints—with more resort-oriented facilities elsewhere. In and , ranges are integral to , commonly attached to coastal resorts in areas like the and , where they support visitor packages combining practice with scenic holidays and draw millions of international players annually.

Economic Role

Driving ranges generate revenue primarily through bucket sales of practice balls, typically priced between $5 and $17 depending on bucket size and location, with small buckets (40-50 balls) often costing $5 to $10 and larger ones (75-100 balls) ranging from $10 to $15. Many facilities supplement this with membership programs offering unlimited or discounted access for a monthly , as well as add-on services like professional lessons and concessions, which can account for significant portions of income alongside range fees. In the United States, the driving ranges and family fun centers industry was valued at approximately $23.2 billion in 2025, reflecting steady growth driven by off-course participation. This sector supports nearly 178,000 jobs in the alone, encompassing roles in operations, , instruction, and . Globally, the broader off-course market, including driving ranges, contributes to millions of jobs within the $84 billion (as of 2022) industry, though specific figures for standalone ranges remain limited. The post-COVID period has fueled notable growth in driving range usage, with player numbers doubling from 2.3 million to 4.3 million in some regions and overall off-course participation rising 54% since 2016, with continued surges into 2025 where global engagement reached 108 million participants; this has attracted new recreational users and boosted facility attendance. However, operators face challenges such as in colder climates, where harsh weather limits outdoor access and requires indoor alternatives, and increasing competition from simulators that offer year-round, weather-independent practice.

References

  1. https://www.pga.com/archive/news/golf-buzz/golf-dictionary-glossary-and-golf-terms
  2. https://www.usga.org/content/usga/home-page/course-care/digitalcollections/practice-facilities.html
  3. https://www.usga.org/content/dam/usga/pdf/imported/course-care/050712.pdf
  4. https://www.ngf.org/golf-industry/research/golf-participation/
  5. https://gameongolfcenter.com/driving-range/
  6. https://powertee.com/driving-range/
  7. https://www.usga.org/content/usga/home-page/course-care/green-section-record/57/5/practice-tees-that-please.html
  8. https://www.toptracer.com/range/
  9. https://www.pga.com/archive/news/golf-buzz/golf-glossary-and-golf-terms
  10. https://golfrange.org/golf-range-design/
  11. https://rangesystems.com/
  12. https://www.youseegsm.com/news/the-importance-and-impact-of-driving-range-facilities-in-golf/
  13. https://golfelchaparral.com/en/the-benefits-of-regular-practice-at-the-driving-range/
  14. https://www.unkgolf.com/blogs/driving-range/
  15. https://deercreekflorida.com/2024/driving-range-help-golfers.html
  16. https://statesymbolsusa.org/articles/swinging-through-history-students-guide-fascinating-connection-between-golf-and-usa
  17. https://www.youseegsm.com/news/history-of-golf-driving-range/
  18. https://www.pinehurst.com/about/maniac-hill/
  19. https://www.wsj.com/sports/golf/zen-and-the-great-american-driving-range-4f9082d4
  20. https://www.1920-30.com/sports/golf-history.html
  21. https://hillside-golf.com/driving-range-history/
  22. https://www.youseegsm.com/news/the-evolution-of-golf-driving-ranges-a-historical-perspective/
  23. https://essential.golf/how-golf-courses-have-changed/
  24. https://vault.si.com/vault/2000/11/13/home-on-the-range-the-author-an-avowed-range-rat-learned-plenty-about-a-mostly-mom-and-pop-business-while-searching-in-vain-for-his-swing
  25. https://medium.com/japancurious/in-high-density-japan-how-many-golf-courses-can-there-be-a4bb79d4adf8
  26. https://patents.google.com/patent/US5439224A/en
  27. https://tekbuddesigns.com/blog/history-of-indoor-golf
  28. https://www.forbes.com/sites/markjburns/2015/03/02/how-topgolf-flipped-the-traditional-driving-range-model-and-created-a-new-category-of-entertainment/
  29. https://www.insidegolf.com.au/golf_industry/golf-on-a-world-wide-surge/
  30. https://www.caddiehq.com/resources/how-to-build-a-golf-driving-range
  31. https://www.accio.com/plp/golf-driving-range-dimensions
  32. http://www.amickgca.com/building-a-driving-range.htm
  33. https://www.usnetting.com/guides/how-to-install-driving-range-netting/
  34. https://rangeservant.us/product/golf-ball-hopper/
  35. https://www.tourgreens.com/synthetic-turf-hitting-mats.html
  36. https://www.synlawngolf.com/golf-driving-range/
  37. https://www.ondecksports.com/Golf/Driving-Range-Mats
  38. https://rangeservant.us/product-category/golf-range-equipment/range-ball-washers/
  39. https://designergolfcompany.com/product-category/furnishings/club-washers/
  40. https://www.golfredtail.com/practice-range/short-game-areas.php
  41. https://bearcreek-golf.com/practice-center/
  42. https://www.reedycreekgolf.com/golf/course-facilities
  43. https://www.lakelandgolfclub.com/amenities/
  44. https://www.rangeservant.com/golf-ball-washers/
  45. https://automatedoutdoor.com/golf-ball-washers/automate-your-range-golf-ball-washers/
  46. https://dte.golf/importance-of-driving-range-management-in-golf-course-operations/
  47. https://asgca.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Building-a-Practical-Golf-Facility.pdf
  48. https://golfrange.org/the-masters-world-class-practice-facility/
  49. https://golf.com/news/masters-driving-range-augusta-national-learnings/
  50. https://blog.thegolfjapan.jp/golf/3352/
  51. https://manorsgolf.com/journal/the-tokyo-itinerary
  52. https://golfrange.org/21-golf-driving-range-standing-tall-along-the-manhattan-skyline/
  53. https://www.accessfixtures.com/driving-range/
  54. https://eviesonline.com/activity/evies-driving-range/
  55. https://www.chelseapiers.com/golfclub-chelsea/driving-range
  56. https://parwest.com/product/plastic-driving-range-ball-baskets/
  57. https://www.pga.com/story/four-must-dos-every-time-you-practice-on-a-golf-driving-range
  58. https://breakxgolf.com/golf-driving-range-practice/
  59. https://www.ussportscamps.com/tips/golf/golf-tip-what-drills-you-should-practice-at-the-driving-range/
  60. https://www.titleist.com.sg/teamtitleist/team-titleist/f/golf-tips/54554/golf-range-routine
  61. https://foygolfacademy.com/30-45-minute-driving-range-practice-plan-build-better-full-swing-consistency/
  62. https://golf.com/instruction/driving-range-rules-guidelines/
  63. https://www.golfdigest.com/story/driving-range-dos-and-donts
  64. https://ocusafe.com/activity/golf
  65. https://hazardhunting.org/d
  66. https://dte.golf/safety-on-a-golf-course/
  67. https://www.networldsports.com/forb-range-golf-balls.html
  68. https://www.hagginoaks.com/blog/range-ball-vs-regular-ball/
  69. https://www.golfdigest.com/story/range-balls-vs-premium-balls-testing-which-flies-shorter-golf-digest-mythbusters
  70. https://www.practical-golf.com/range-golf-ball-versus-premium-ball
  71. https://golfrange.org/range-ball-grades/
  72. https://www.cnn.com/sport/lost-golf-balls-environment-spt-spc
  73. https://www.trackman.com/golf/launch-monitors/trackman-4
  74. https://toptracer.com/
  75. https://powertee.com/
  76. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uEJEclcMDgM
  77. https://www.rangemastergolf.com/product/rfid-card-system/
  78. https://nugget.golf/
  79. https://www.trackman.com/blog/golf/tracy-the-ai-powered-swing-analysis-tool-in-trackman
  80. https://owow.io/blog/the-future-of-golf-tech
  81. https://www.fortunebusinessinsights.com/golf-simulator-market-110374
  82. https://company.golfdigest.co.jp/en/service/range/
  83. https://straitsresearch.com/report/golf-simulators-market/japan
  84. https://company.golfdigest.co.jp/en/brand/story/23063001.html
  85. https://www.dpparks.org/golf-center/
  86. https://firstteedc.org/first-tee-greater-washington-dc-celebrates-25th-anniversary/
  87. https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/golf-simulator-market-report
  88. https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/europe-golf-tourism-market
  89. https://www.golfdigest.com/story/range-balls-economics-price-practice
  90. https://info.okigolf.com/knowledge/range-balls-cost
  91. https://sweetspot.io/the-golf-commerce-blog/Golf-Commerce-and-Business/how-to-charge-the-right-price-at-your-driving-range
  92. https://www.liveplan.com/sample-business-plans/fitness-and-beauty/golf-driving-range-business-plan
  93. https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/industry/golf-driving-ranges-family-fun-centers/1657/
  94. https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/employment/golf-driving-ranges-family-fun-centers/1657/
  95. https://zipdo.co/golf-industry-statistics/
  96. https://www.glenmuir.com/news/how-golf-has-fared-since-covid
  97. https://www.randa.org/en/articles/golf-participation-continues-to-surge-worldwide
  98. https://www.randa.org/en/articles/golf-participation-continues-to-enjoy-growth-globally
  99. https://www.theohiogolfhouse.com/post/how-golf-simulators-help-improve-your-swing-year-round
  100. https://teetimegolfpass.com/blog/indoor-golf-simulators-the-ultimate-guide/
Add your contribution
Related Hubs
User Avatar
No comments yet.