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Gulf of Salerno
The Gulf of Salerno (Italian: Golfo di Salerno) is a gulf of the Tyrrhenian Sea in the coast of the province of Salerno in south-western Italy.
The northern part of this coast is the Costiera Amalfitana, which ends at Punta Campanella and includes towns like Amalfi, Maiori, Positano and the city of Salerno itself. The gulf also borders Piana del Sele to the east and the Cilento coast, which ends at Punta Licosa, to the south. The distance from Punta Campanella to Punta Licosa is approximately 61 km (38 miles). The surface of the gulf, delimited by the imaginary line that connects Punta Campanella to Punta Licosa and by the coast, is approximately 2,450 km2.
The Gulf of Salerno is separated from the Gulf of Naples (on the north) by the Sorrentine Peninsula. In the north, the gulf coast, also called the Divina Costiera due to its beauty, is rugged by the rocky slopes of the Lattari Mountains falling into the sea. To the east, the coastline of the Sele plain is low and sandy and partly covered by pine forests.
1. Ancient History: The Gulf of Salerno was inhabited by ancient Italic tribes long before the rise of the Roman Empire. The foundation of Poseidonia (later Paestum) dates back to this era. The original nucleus of Salerno itself was founded by the Etruscan in the 3nd century BC and the city progressively played a significant role in the region's history.
2. Roman Era: Salerno was known in Roman times as Salernum. It became an important Roman colony and was renowned for its productivity. The gulf served as a vital hub for trade and transportation, providing access to the sea. Amalfi appears to have been founded by a Roman family bound for Constantinople. When their ship ran aground on a nearby shore, they settled the area, naming it Melphes (today Melfi). A few years later, they moved further north and established a new town, which they called "A Melphes" in memory of the abandoned village of Melphes – hence today's town of Amalfi.
3. Medieval Period: In the Middle Ages, Salerno and the surrounding areas were part of the Lombard Duchy of Salerno. The city was a center of learning and culture, especially during the 5th-7th centuries, when Roman Catholic diocese of Salerno was established, and in the 9th and 10th centuries when the Schola Medica Salernitana, a famous medical school, was established, close the Giardino della Minerva. The Alfano I interest in medicine and the translation of Arabic treatises on the subject led him to invite Constantine the African from Carthage to Salerno to assist him. The town of Amalfi was the capital of the maritime republic known as the Duchy of Amalfi, an important trading power in the Mediterranean between 839 and around 1200.
4. Norman Conquest: In 1076 the Normans conquered Salerno and the surrounding region under Robert Guiscard, incorporating it into the Kingdom of Sicily. This marked a significant change in the area's political and cultural landscape. In 1084 Saint Matthew Cathedral was consecrated by Pope Gregory VII. The University was founded in 1150. In 1194 Salerno was sacked by forces of |Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor and in 1260 Port of Salerno construction begins.
5. Renaissance and Beyond: Salerno and the Gulf continued to thrive in the Renaissance era. However, the region's importance gradually declined over the centuries as Naples, Palermo and other nearby cities became more prominent centers of trade, culture, and politics.
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Gulf of Salerno AI simulator
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Gulf of Salerno
The Gulf of Salerno (Italian: Golfo di Salerno) is a gulf of the Tyrrhenian Sea in the coast of the province of Salerno in south-western Italy.
The northern part of this coast is the Costiera Amalfitana, which ends at Punta Campanella and includes towns like Amalfi, Maiori, Positano and the city of Salerno itself. The gulf also borders Piana del Sele to the east and the Cilento coast, which ends at Punta Licosa, to the south. The distance from Punta Campanella to Punta Licosa is approximately 61 km (38 miles). The surface of the gulf, delimited by the imaginary line that connects Punta Campanella to Punta Licosa and by the coast, is approximately 2,450 km2.
The Gulf of Salerno is separated from the Gulf of Naples (on the north) by the Sorrentine Peninsula. In the north, the gulf coast, also called the Divina Costiera due to its beauty, is rugged by the rocky slopes of the Lattari Mountains falling into the sea. To the east, the coastline of the Sele plain is low and sandy and partly covered by pine forests.
1. Ancient History: The Gulf of Salerno was inhabited by ancient Italic tribes long before the rise of the Roman Empire. The foundation of Poseidonia (later Paestum) dates back to this era. The original nucleus of Salerno itself was founded by the Etruscan in the 3nd century BC and the city progressively played a significant role in the region's history.
2. Roman Era: Salerno was known in Roman times as Salernum. It became an important Roman colony and was renowned for its productivity. The gulf served as a vital hub for trade and transportation, providing access to the sea. Amalfi appears to have been founded by a Roman family bound for Constantinople. When their ship ran aground on a nearby shore, they settled the area, naming it Melphes (today Melfi). A few years later, they moved further north and established a new town, which they called "A Melphes" in memory of the abandoned village of Melphes – hence today's town of Amalfi.
3. Medieval Period: In the Middle Ages, Salerno and the surrounding areas were part of the Lombard Duchy of Salerno. The city was a center of learning and culture, especially during the 5th-7th centuries, when Roman Catholic diocese of Salerno was established, and in the 9th and 10th centuries when the Schola Medica Salernitana, a famous medical school, was established, close the Giardino della Minerva. The Alfano I interest in medicine and the translation of Arabic treatises on the subject led him to invite Constantine the African from Carthage to Salerno to assist him. The town of Amalfi was the capital of the maritime republic known as the Duchy of Amalfi, an important trading power in the Mediterranean between 839 and around 1200.
4. Norman Conquest: In 1076 the Normans conquered Salerno and the surrounding region under Robert Guiscard, incorporating it into the Kingdom of Sicily. This marked a significant change in the area's political and cultural landscape. In 1084 Saint Matthew Cathedral was consecrated by Pope Gregory VII. The University was founded in 1150. In 1194 Salerno was sacked by forces of |Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor and in 1260 Port of Salerno construction begins.
5. Renaissance and Beyond: Salerno and the Gulf continued to thrive in the Renaissance era. However, the region's importance gradually declined over the centuries as Naples, Palermo and other nearby cities became more prominent centers of trade, culture, and politics.