Jifna (Arabic: جفنا, Jifnâ) is a Palestinian village in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate in the central West Bank of the State of Palestine, located 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) north of Ramallah and 23 kilometers (14 mi) north of Jerusalem. Jifna has retained a Christian majority since the 6th century. Its total land area consists of 6,015 dunams, of which 420 are designated as built-up areas, most of the remainder being covered with olive, fig and apricot groves. Jifna is governed by a village council, led (2008) by chairman Jabi Na'im Kamil.

Jifna was known as Gophnah (Hebrew: גופנה; Ancient Greek: Γοφνα, Gophna) at the time of the First Jewish-Roman War, and after its conquest became a Roman regional capital, though remaining predominantly Jewish. Jewish presence at the site is thought to have ended in the aftermath of the Bar Kokhba revolt. Later, the town grew less significant politically, but nevertheless prospered as a Christian locality under Byzantine and later Arab rule due to its location on a trade route. St. George's Church in Jifna was built in the 6th century, but fell into disrepair and was not rebuilt until the arrival of the Crusaders in the late 10th century. However, it again fell into ruin after the Crusaders were driven out by the Ayyubids. In modern times, the ruins of St. George's Church have become a tourist attraction. During the period of Ottoman control in Palestine the tower of an ancient Roman structure in Jifna became the location of a jail house.

Jifna has local traditions and legends relating to the Holy Family, and to the village water-spring. It is also locally known for its apricot harvest festival; each year, during the late Spring period, hundreds travel to the village to harvest the fruit during its brief season.

Jifna is first recorded in written history at the time of the Roman conquest during the 1st century bce, when it appears in various records as "Gophna". Gophna was described by Flavius Josephus as the second city of Judea, after Jerusalem, in his account of the First Jewish-Roman Wars during the 1st century ce. The town is depicted as Gophna in the Map of Madaba, situated north of Gibeon (al-Jib), and is also mentioned in rabbinic literature as Beit Gūfnīn, literally meaning a "house of vineyards". The Talmud mentions the place as being inhabited by priests of Aaron's lineage.

The earliest mention of Jifna, then Gophna, in the historical record is in Josephus' account of the escape of Judah Maccabee from Antiochus V during the Maccabean revolt, circa 164 BCE. Under Roman rule, Gophna became a regional administrative center, the capital of a toparchy in the Iudaea Province. It was known by the Romans as Cofna. Around 50 ce, the Roman general Cassius sold the population into slavery, for failure to pay taxes. They were freed, however, by Mark Antony shortly after he came to power. Jifna was within the area under John b. Hananiah's command in 66 ce, during the First Jewish-Roman War, and was the headquarters of one of the twelve toparchies (administrative districts) of Judea. The Roman emperor Vespasian occupied the town in the year 68, established an army garrison there, and concentrated within the city Jewish priests and other local notables who had surrendered to him. Titus, the future Roman emperor, passed through Gophna during his march to besiege Jerusalem in the year 70. Gophna had a sizable priestly Jewish population on the wake of the Bar Kokhba Revolt in the 130s, and it is possible that an entire synagogue congregation of Gophna (including priests) relocated to Sepphoris in Galilee by the 3rd century.

A burial cave was found in Jifna in 1995, and excavations at the site revealed potsherds typical of the Hasmonean, Herodian, and early Roman periods, indicating that the cave was used up until the Bar Kokhba revolt. A number of ossuaries and sarcophagi from the classical period with inscriptions in Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek were also discovered at the vicinity of Jifna. One inscription includes the Hebrew words [--]lgh, which may refer to the priestly family Bilgah. Another inscription references "Yo'ezer the Scribe". The name Yo'ezer appears in first-century epitaphs from the Jerusalem necropolis and in Josephus as a priestly and aristocratic name.

The last evidence for Jewish presence in Gophna is a Greek-written marriage document that was found in a cave at Wadi Murabba'at in the Judaean Desert, and dates to 124 CE. Based on archeological evidence, it is believed that Jewish presence at the site ceased in the aftermath of the Bar Kokhba revolt.

It was suggested by Edward Robinson that Jifna was Ophni of Benjamin, mentioned in the Book of Joshua as one of the "twelve cities", later scholars, however, argue that Gophna was only founded during the Second Temple period.