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Lasca
View on Wikipedia| Genres | Board game Abstract strategy game |
|---|---|
| Players | 2 |
| Setup time | Less than a minute |
| Playing time | Varies, chess clocks can be used |
| Chance | None |
| Skills | Strategy, tactics |
| Synonyms | Laska Laskers |
Lasca (also called Laska or Laskers) is a draughts (or checkers) variant, invented by the second World Chess Champion Emanuel Lasker (1868–1941). Lasca is derived from English draughts (American checkers) and the Russian draughts game bashni (Towers).
History
[edit]Emanuel Lasker became familiar with bashni in the 19th century while participating in chess tournaments in Moscow and St. Petersburg. According to contemporary memoirs, in Moscow Lasker stayed in the house of D. I. Sargin, a famous historian, researcher, and popularizer of board games. By the time he met Lasker, Sargin was regularly editing columns on draughts (towers) in several Russian newspapers and magazines. The mutual influence of these famous researchers on each other is quite obvious, since Sargin is the author of the fundamental work "The Antiquity of the games of checkers and chess", and Lasker's book "Board games of Nations" was repeatedly reprinted.
Public presentation of a new kind of columns draughts was at that time done by a strong marketing company using the brand in the person of Lasker, the current world champion.
In 1911, factory kits for the game of Lasca, including a game board, sets of draughts of four colors and a booklet describing the rules of the game, were widely sold in Europe and the United States.
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E.Lasker plays his game Lasca. — New game // Ogonjok : Magazin/ — 1911. — № 39. — С. 17.
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Original set for Lasca, booklet with description of rules and box
Description
[edit]The game is played on a 7×7 board; as with draughts and most descendant games, play takes place only on alternating squares, so that only 25 of the 49 squares are actually used. The playing pieces are known initially as soldiers; when they reach the last row of the board, they become officers, with the same ability as kings in English draughts to move and jump backward.
Rules
[edit]The major difference between Lasca and other draughts variants is that instead of pieces being removed from the board when they are jumped, they are placed under the piece that jumped them, forming a column. A column is under the control of the player whose piece is on top, and has the move and jump capabilities of that piece (so that, for instance, a column with a black officer on top is under Black's control, and can move and jump in either direction.) If a column is itself jumped, only the top piece is removed to go under the column doing the jumping.
There are a few other changes in the rules, as well. Capturing is mandatory when possible; this means that a clever player may be able to force his opponent to capture several pieces of his color, then capture his opponent's piece from the top, leaving a powerful column composed of several pieces of his own color. A player wins the game when:
- the opponent has no legal move, or
- all the opponent's pieces have been captured, or
- the opponent resigns.
Examples, tasks, and games
[edit]-
Whites win. Lasca Task by Alexander Sladkoff, Moscow)
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Peter Mikhaelsen (Dutch) - Victor Pakhomov (Russia)(1999 г.)
See also
[edit]Reviews
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Games and Puzzles 1976-01: Iss 44". A H C Publications. January 1976.
Further reading
[edit]- Diagram Group (1975). Midgley, Ruth (ed.). The Way to Play. Paddington Press Ltd. p. 40. ISBN 0-8467-0060-3.
- Parlett, David (1999). The Oxford History of Board Games. Oxford University Press Inc. pp. 271–72. ISBN 0-19-212998-8.
- Pritchard, David B. (1982). Brain Games. Penguin Books Ltd. pp. 102–06. ISBN 0-14-00-5682-3.
- Pritchard, David (1994). The Family Book of Games. Brockhampton Press. pp. 40–41. ISBN 1-86019-021-9.
- Schmittberger, R. Wayne (1992). New Rules for Classic Games. John Wiley & Sons Inc. pp. 176–77. ISBN 978-0471536215.
External links
[edit]- The game of Lasca – detailed information about rules and history
- Emanuel Lasker's original paper describing the game, in HTML or PDF.
- Lasca at BoardGameGeek
- Angerstein, Wolfgang (2002). "Das Säulenspiel Laska: Renaissance einer fast vergessenen Dame-Variante mit Verbindungen zum Schach" (PDF). Board Game Studies. 5: 79–99, 135–136, 138–139, 141. ISSN 1566-1962. Retrieved 2021-05-27.
Lasca
View on GrokipediaHistory and Development
Invention by Emanuel Lasker
Emanuel Lasker, the second World Chess Champion from 1894 to 1921, invented Lasca in 1911 as an evolution of checkers intended to incorporate stacking mechanics for added strategic depth.[1] This innovation built upon the simplicity of traditional draughts while introducing layers of tactical complexity, aligning with Lasker's expertise in chess strategy.[8] Lasker's motivation for creating Lasca arose from his passion for abstract games, aiming to blend chess-like strategic planning with checkers' accessible rules to produce a more engaging two-player contest.[1] As a mathematician and philosopher alongside his chess career, he sought to design a game that emphasized foresight and adaptability, drawing indirectly from existing stacking variants but refining them into a distinct system.[4] The first public presentation of Lasca occurred in 1911, when game kits—including boards, multi-colored pieces, and a rule booklet titled The Rules of Lasca, the Great Military Game—were sold in Europe and the United States. Lasker personally authored the rules in this publication, ensuring clarity and completeness for new players.[1] Lasker maintained active involvement in Lasca's development and promotion, sharing it within international chess circles during tournaments and lectures to attract fellow strategists to the game.[8] He further documented Lasca in his 1931 book Brettspiele der Völker, where it featured alongside analyses of global board games, solidifying its place in his broader contributions to game theory.[1]Influences and Precursors
Lasca's design was primarily influenced by the 19th-century Russian draughts variant known as Bashni, or "Towers," which introduced the innovative mechanic of stacking captured pieces atop the capturer rather than removing them from play. This column checkers game, played on an 8x8 board akin to Russian shashki, allowed stacks to grow into multi-level towers that could be manipulated strategically, a concept Emanuel Lasker adapted into Lasca's "prisoner" system where jumped pieces become captive layers beneath the opponent's piece. The stacking approach in Bashni aimed to extend gameplay duration and introduce dynamic reversals, elements central to Lasca's appeal. Russian board game scholar D. I. Sargin described Bashni in an 1885 article, contributing to its documentation; Lasker encountered these ideas during his visits to Russia.[9][10][11] English draughts (also called American checkers) provided foundational mechanics for Lasca, particularly the diagonal movement of pieces and the basic rules for non-king captures. Lasker, who regarded English draughts highly for its tactical purity, integrated these elements to form the baseline for his variant, blending them with Bashni's vertical dimension to create a hybrid that emphasized both horizontal positioning and stack control. This synthesis addressed perceived shortcomings in standard checkers, such as overly predictable endgames.[12]Publication and Early Popularity
Lasca was first published in 1911 through Emanuel Lasker's self-published four-page booklet titled The Rules of 'Lasca' - the Great Military Game, which detailed the game's rules and mechanics.[13] Game sets were produced and sold by Parker Brothers in the United States beginning around 1913.[14] The rules appeared in Lasker's later writings, such as Brettspiele der Völker (1931), helping to integrate Lasca into broader discussions of strategic games.[1] Early adoption of Lasca occurred primarily in chess clubs across Europe and the United States, where it appealed to enthusiasts of abstract strategy games seeking alternatives to traditional chess and checkers.[15] It received mentions in 1910s and 1920s periodicals, reflecting growing interest among dedicated players.[15] Lasker's prominence as the reigning world chess champion from 1894 to 1921 significantly boosted initial interest, drawing attention from intellectual and gaming circles familiar with his work. The game gained wider popularity in Germany, the USA, and the Netherlands after World War I.[11] Sales of Lasca sets remained modest in Europe and the US through the 1920s, with production limited compared to standard checkers variants that dominated the market.[14] Despite this, the game saw some uptake between the World Wars, supported by Lasker's promotional efforts and occasional club tournaments. Its popularity waned due to disruptions from World War I, which halted international distribution and events, compounded by the absence of widespread organized tournaments to sustain momentum.Game Components
Board Layout
The Lasca board consists of a 7×7 grid, comprising 49 squares in total, but gameplay occurs exclusively on the 25 dark squares in an alternating checkered pattern, beginning with a dark square in the top-left corner.[4] This setup adapts a standard checkers board to the smaller dimensions required for Lasca, ensuring that only these designated squares are used for piece placement and movement.[16] The board's layout is oriented with columns numbered 1 through 7 from left to right and rows numbered 1 through 7 from bottom to top from the perspective of the white player, facilitating algebraic notation similar to that in checkers variants.[17] The playable dark squares form a distinctive pattern that supports diagonal interactions, visually resembling a cross-like structure when considering the interconnected pathways across the board.[18] To play Lasca, a 7×7 board—often a modified checkers board—is essential, along with 22 stackable discs (11 white and 11 black) that allow for the formation of columns during captures.[4] Pieces are initially placed on the dark squares at each player's end of the board.[17]Pieces and Their Types
In Lasca, each player begins with 11 identical soldiers, also referred to as men, which are the basic playing pieces.[4] These soldiers are stackable discs, typically one color per player such as black for one and white for the other, marked with a spot on one side that remains hidden at the start.[19] The pieces are placed on the dark squares of the first three rows closest to each player on the 7x7 board.[18] Soldiers promote to officers, akin to kings in checkers, upon reaching the opponent's back row, gaining enhanced capabilities.[4] The primary distinction between the types lies in their movement: soldiers can only advance diagonally forward or capture in that direction, while officers are permitted to move and capture diagonally in any direction, including backward.[19] This differentiation allows officers greater flexibility on the board once achieved.[18]Rules of Play
Setup and Initial Positioning
Lasca is prepared for play on a standard 7×7 chequered board, where gameplay is confined to the 25 dark squares, leaving the light squares unused. The board is oriented such that the bottom-left square from white's perspective (row 1, column 1) is a dark square, ensuring consistent positioning across games. Each player receives 11 identical soldiers—flat, stackable discs marked on one side to indicate officers upon promotion—with white assigned to one side and black to the other. No randomization is involved in the setup; the arrangement is fixed to promote balanced starting conditions.[19][4] White's soldiers occupy the dark squares of rows 1 through 3, while black's occupy rows 5 through 7, with row 4 remaining entirely empty to allow for initial forward advances. This configuration positions the players' forces in close proximity, emphasizing the stacking and capturing mechanics from the outset. White always moves first, alternating turns thereafter. The pieces are placed plain side up (unmarked) at the start, ready for potential stacking during play.[17][18] The precise initial placement follows a staggered pattern on the dark squares, akin to traditional checkers variants but adapted to the 7×7 grid for 11 pieces per side:| Row | White Placement (Columns) | Black Placement (Columns) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1, 3, 5, 7 | - |
| 2 | 2, 4, 6 | - |
| 3 | 1, 3, 5, 7 | - |
| 4 | (Empty) | (Empty) |
| 5 | - | 1, 3, 5, 7 |
| 6 | - | 2, 4, 6 |
| 7 | - | 1, 3, 5, 7 |