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Lawrence Rousseau
Lawrence Rousseau (July 15, 1790 – September 4, 1866) was an American naval officer. When the American Civil War broke out in 1861, he was the highest-ranking and longest-serving United States Navy officer to join the Confederate side. He was the most senior Confederate States Navy officer from 1861 to 1862. and later on (after more senior officers had surrendered). He and the last organized remnant of the CSN surrendered at Nanna Hubba Bluff, Alabama, on May 4 or 10, 1865.
He was born in New Orleans when it was a Spanish colonial possession, one of 12 children of Pierre George Rousseau and Marie Catherine Milhet. Pierre Rousseau served in the Continental Navy and commanded the brig sloop Gálveztown.
After the 1803 Louisiana Purchase, Lawrence Rousseau became an American citizen.
With the assistance of David Porter, the commandant of New Orleans, Rousseau was appointed a midshipman on January 16, 1809, the start of a naval career of 56 years. He was appointed acting master of the brig USS Viper on January 27, 1811, and acting lieutenant on November 12.
During the War of 1812, Viper was captured in the Gulf of Mexico by HMS Narcissus on January 17, 1813. Rousseau and most of the other officers were sent to New Providence, Bahamas, but he was later exchanged and sailed for New York on June 13. On July 24, he was promoted to lieutenant. He served aboard the sloop USS Erie, which was blockaded in Baltimore. On April 11, 1814, however, he was reassigned to the brig USS Jefferson on Lake Ontario. On March 22, 1815, he returned to Erie, where he served for 28 months. While sailing to Baltimore, he survived the shipwreck of Surprise on April 3, 1815.
After the end of the war in 1815, he was stationed at New Orleans Naval Station from 1818 to 1823. In 1819, Rousseau married Josephine Nesida Cruzat-Ramos or Nisida Laura Josephine de Lino Cruzat (May 12, 1800 – August 2, 1878), a member of a prominent Creole family. The couple had no children.
In 1823, he returned to sea duty. One source states he was given command of USS Greyhound, but another source states that Master Commandant John Porter was in charge. On November 1, he was given command of Thompson's Island naval station, near present-day Key West, where he conducted several anti-pirate operations. He then returned to New Orleans. On August 31, 1826, he was ordered to take command of the schooner USS Dolphin, part of the Pacific Fleet. He was promoted to master commandant (a rank renamed to commander in 1837) on April 24, 1828. He returned the United States in November. On November 4, 1829, he was given command of the Pensacola Navy Yard, serving until September 16, 1830, whereupon he was placed in command of his old ship, Erie, and tasked with combatting piracy in the West Indies. While serving in the West Indies Squadron from 1830 to 1837, he also commanded the sloops of war USS Erie, USS Falmouth and USS St. Louis.
He rose to captain effective February 9, 1837. On August 1, 1838, he was ordered to survey the coast of the Gulf of Mexico for locations for lighthouses; his report and recommendations were presented by 1842. His next command was the frigate USS Macedonian, part of the West Indies Squadron.
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Lawrence Rousseau
Lawrence Rousseau (July 15, 1790 – September 4, 1866) was an American naval officer. When the American Civil War broke out in 1861, he was the highest-ranking and longest-serving United States Navy officer to join the Confederate side. He was the most senior Confederate States Navy officer from 1861 to 1862. and later on (after more senior officers had surrendered). He and the last organized remnant of the CSN surrendered at Nanna Hubba Bluff, Alabama, on May 4 or 10, 1865.
He was born in New Orleans when it was a Spanish colonial possession, one of 12 children of Pierre George Rousseau and Marie Catherine Milhet. Pierre Rousseau served in the Continental Navy and commanded the brig sloop Gálveztown.
After the 1803 Louisiana Purchase, Lawrence Rousseau became an American citizen.
With the assistance of David Porter, the commandant of New Orleans, Rousseau was appointed a midshipman on January 16, 1809, the start of a naval career of 56 years. He was appointed acting master of the brig USS Viper on January 27, 1811, and acting lieutenant on November 12.
During the War of 1812, Viper was captured in the Gulf of Mexico by HMS Narcissus on January 17, 1813. Rousseau and most of the other officers were sent to New Providence, Bahamas, but he was later exchanged and sailed for New York on June 13. On July 24, he was promoted to lieutenant. He served aboard the sloop USS Erie, which was blockaded in Baltimore. On April 11, 1814, however, he was reassigned to the brig USS Jefferson on Lake Ontario. On March 22, 1815, he returned to Erie, where he served for 28 months. While sailing to Baltimore, he survived the shipwreck of Surprise on April 3, 1815.
After the end of the war in 1815, he was stationed at New Orleans Naval Station from 1818 to 1823. In 1819, Rousseau married Josephine Nesida Cruzat-Ramos or Nisida Laura Josephine de Lino Cruzat (May 12, 1800 – August 2, 1878), a member of a prominent Creole family. The couple had no children.
In 1823, he returned to sea duty. One source states he was given command of USS Greyhound, but another source states that Master Commandant John Porter was in charge. On November 1, he was given command of Thompson's Island naval station, near present-day Key West, where he conducted several anti-pirate operations. He then returned to New Orleans. On August 31, 1826, he was ordered to take command of the schooner USS Dolphin, part of the Pacific Fleet. He was promoted to master commandant (a rank renamed to commander in 1837) on April 24, 1828. He returned the United States in November. On November 4, 1829, he was given command of the Pensacola Navy Yard, serving until September 16, 1830, whereupon he was placed in command of his old ship, Erie, and tasked with combatting piracy in the West Indies. While serving in the West Indies Squadron from 1830 to 1837, he also commanded the sloops of war USS Erie, USS Falmouth and USS St. Louis.
He rose to captain effective February 9, 1837. On August 1, 1838, he was ordered to survey the coast of the Gulf of Mexico for locations for lighthouses; his report and recommendations were presented by 1842. His next command was the frigate USS Macedonian, part of the West Indies Squadron.
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