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Manvi
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Manvi or Mānvi is a City in the Raichur district of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is the municipal headquarters of the Manvi taluk. Manvi Police Station stood fifth in the list of top 10 best police station across the country.
Key Information
Manvi is governed by a municipal corporation. It is home to a number of religious sites including: Hazrat Syed Shah Sabzali Sattar Quadri Ra, Mallikarjunn Swamy Temple, and Manvi.[citation needed] Manvi is associated with a number of religious philosophers of Hinduism, such as the 18th-century the Madhva-follower and dasa Sri Jagannatha Dasa.[2] It is also home to a number of archaeological and historical sites, such as "Fort On The Top Of The Hill", Ancient Bridges, and the Jumma-Masjid Mosque (Shahi-Masjid), an ancient mosque with outer works of black stone from the Bhamani or Adilshahi periods. The said Masque is maintaining by the Khazi Ahmed Hussain sons until his ancestral.
Geography
[edit]Manvi is located in the Raichur district of Karnataka State, India. It has an administrative-limits area of 10 square kilometers (3.86 square miles) at an average elevation of 362 meters (1187 ft).
Demographics
[edit]As of the 2011 India census,[3] Manvi's population was 51% male and 49% female. The town has an average literacy rate of 47%, lower than the national average of 59.5%; male literacy is 55% and female literacy is 39%. In Manvi, 17% of the population is under six years old.
Politics
[edit]- The current Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) is (Hamppayya Nayak).[4]
- The current representative in the Lok Sabha from the Raichur constituency is (Kumar Nayak).[5]
- The current member of the Legislative Council (MLC) is (Shri Sharangouda Bayyapur).
- The current president of the Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha is (Chamarasa Malipatil).
Education
[edit]Bashumiyan Sahukar Government First Grade College offers BA, BSc and BCom courses. As of June 2023 the college had applied to run courses leading to the BCA degree, but had yet to receive approval.[6]
Transport
[edit]Manvi is connected by road to Bangalore, Hubli, Hyderabad, and other major cities. The nearest airport is in Hyderabad. Manvi has huge number of transport by lorry and DCMs and is controlled by Manvi Lorry association
- The current president of the (Manvi Lorry Association) is (Amjad Khan).
Auto rickshaws are used as transport inside the city. The Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) runs a bus service to other cities and villages. There are also various other private bus services.
Raichur is the nearest railway station to Manvi. Raichur is served by a major rail line with trains connecting to all major parts of India.
New Railway line, Munirabad-Mahbubnagar railway line which will pass through Manvi. Through this railway line Manvi will be connected to rest of the country.
References
[edit]- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Manvi
- ^ "Jagannath Dasa (His Life and Works) - A Rare Book | Exotic India Art".
- ^ "Census of India 2011: Data from the 2011 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 16 June 2004. Retrieved 1 November 2008.
- ^ "Karnataka Elections 2018". Mapunity. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ^ "Members of Parliament (Lok Sabha)". Government of India. Retrieved 13 March 2010.
- ^ "ಮಾನ್ವಿ: ಬಿಸಿಎ ಕೋರ್ಸ್ ಆರಂಭಕ್ಕೆ ಗ್ರಹಣ" [Manvi: Approval for the start of BCA course]. Prajavani (in Kannada). 1 June 2023. Retrieved 29 February 2024.
Manvi
View on GrokipediaThe town is situated approximately 46 kilometers west of the district headquarters Raichur, at an elevation of 362 meters.[2] As per the 2011 census, Manvi town had a population of 46,465, with males comprising 51% and a literacy rate of 67.62%.[3] The broader Manvi taluk encompasses an area of 1,809 square kilometers and recorded a population of 370,670 in the same census, reflecting a density of 205 persons per square kilometer.[4]
Manvi holds cultural significance for its religious heritage, including association with the 18th-century Madhva philosopher Sri Jagannatha Dasa, author of the devotional text Harikathamruthasara, and features landmarks such as the Shahi Jumma Masjid.[1] The town is noted for traditional events like the elephant procession during Dasara, underscoring its role in regional Hindu festivities.[1] The taluk also includes prehistoric sites, such as the Kallur archaeological area linked to the Copper Hoard culture.[5]
History
Pre-colonial and medieval periods
Manvi, situated in the fertile Raichur Doab between the Krishna and Tungabhadra rivers, exhibits evidence of early human settlement tied to the prehistoric occupation of Karnataka's river valleys. Archaeological explorations in the region have uncovered artifacts from the Neolithic and Chalcolithic periods, reflecting agrarian communities reliant on the doab's alluvial soils for rudimentary farming and pastoralism.[6][7] Within Manvi taluk, the site of Kallur stands as a key indicator of prolonged habitation, featuring granite hills enclosing ancient structures and surface scatters suggestive of prehistoric activity predating recorded dynasties. This location, approximately 22 km from Raichur, hosted early temple complexes like the Mahalaxmi Devastana, hinting at continuity into proto-historic phases amid the doab's strategic waterway access.[8][9] In the medieval era, from the 13th century onward, Manvi's position in the Raichur Doab elevated its role amid rivalries between emerging Deccan powers, including the Kakatiyas and later the Bahmani Sultanate and Vijayanagara Empire, who vied for control of the fertile interfluve. The construction of a hilltop fort, akin to contemporaneous defenses in the district, underscored its military utility for overseeing river crossings and trade routes.[10][11] Structures such as the Jumma Masjid incorporated Persianate elements, evidencing Sultanate influence during phases of Islamic expansion into the Deccan following the 14th-century Bahmani consolidation.[1] The doab's repeated contestation, as in 16th-century clashes, reinforced Manvi's ancillary fortifications without supplanting larger strongholds like Raichur.[12][13]Colonial era and independence
During the colonial period, Manvi functioned as a taluk center within the princely state of Hyderabad, ruled by the Nizams of the Asaf Jahi dynasty, which operated under British paramountcy rather than direct Crown administration.[14] The region's governance emphasized feudal structures, with local taluks like Manvi handling revenue collection, land administration, and basic law enforcement amid the Nizam's centralized authority from Hyderabad. Urdu served as an official language in administration and education, reflecting the state's multicultural but Muslim-dominated elite rule, while Marathi influenced local instruction in some areas.[15] A police station in Manvi contributed to maintaining order during administrative transitions under Nizam rule, though specific establishment details remain tied to broader Hyderabad policing reforms aimed at curbing unrest in peripheral taluks. The Quit India Movement of 1942 had limited penetration in Hyderabad's territories, including Raichur district encompassing Manvi, due to the Nizam's suppression of Congress activities and reliance on paramilitary forces like the Razakars to enforce loyalty amid wartime alliances with Britain. Local participation was thus subdued, with focus shifting to post-war accession pressures rather than widespread anti-colonial agitation. Hyderabad's refusal to accede to India after 15 August 1947 prompted Operation Polo, a military "police action" launched on 13 September 1948, which swiftly integrated the state into the Indian Union by 17 September.[16] Forces advanced through Hyderabad's districts, including those bordering Karnataka, leading to the Nizam's surrender and administrative handover without prolonged resistance in areas like Raichur. Manvi's taluk status provided continuity in local governance post-integration, as Indian authorities retained functional structures for revenue and policing while subsuming them under provisional central oversight until state reorganizations in 1956 transferred the region to Mysore State (later Karnataka).[14] This transition marked the end of princely autonomy, aligning Manvi with democratic federalism.Post-independence developments
Following the linguistic reorganization of Indian states on November 1, 1956, which integrated the former Hyderabad State territories into Mysore State (renamed Karnataka in 1973), Manvi was formally established as a taluk within Raichur district to facilitate local administration and development.[17][14] This administrative restructuring supported decentralized governance in the region, aligning with broader post-independence efforts to reorganize boundaries on linguistic lines while preserving local units for efficient resource allocation and public services. The Manvi Town Municipal Council serves as the primary urban local body, managing civic affairs including ward-based representation with 23 wards and oversight of infrastructure like roads and public facilities.[18] Urban expansion has centered along the Bellary-Raichur state highway, prompting structured planning to accommodate growth in residential and commercial zones. By the 2011 census, Manvi taluk's population had reached 370,670, reflecting steady demographic pressures that necessitated updated urban frameworks.[4] In response, the Manvi Local Planning Area Master Plan, formulated for the horizon year 2021, projected a town population of 75,000 and outlined zoning regulations to guide sustainable infrastructural enhancements, such as expanded land use for housing and connectivity without encroaching on agricultural peripheries.[18] These initiatives emphasize self-reliant local progress amid rising urbanization demands.Geography
Location and physical features
Manvi is situated in Raichur district of Karnataka state, India, at geographic coordinates 15°59′N 77°03′E.[19] The town lies within the Raichur Doab, a triangular region of the Deccan Plateau bounded by the Krishna River to the north and the Tungabhadra River to the south, which converge eastward near the district's edge.[20] Approximately 40 kilometers southeast of Raichur city, the district headquarters, Manvi serves as the administrative center of its taluk.[21] The local terrain consists of semi-arid plateau land interspersed with rocky hills, typical of the Deccan landscape. A prominent hill adjacent to the town supports the ruins of a 14th-century stone fort, with two additional neighboring hills to the west contributing to the undulating topography.[11] This hilly setting, amid plains formed by river sediments, underscores the area's historical defensibility and integration into the broader Raichur Doab's geomorphic features.[22]Climate and environmental challenges
Manvi lies in a semi-arid tropical climate zone typical of North Karnataka, featuring pronounced seasonal variations with hot summers and reliance on monsoon precipitation. Average annual rainfall measures approximately 650-700 mm, concentrated between June and September, rendering the area vulnerable to variability in southwest monsoon patterns.[23] Temperatures during the summer months of March to May routinely surpass 40°C, with peak highs in May averaging above 39°C, while winter minima dip to around 18°C in January. [24] The Raichur district, encompassing Manvi, is classified as drought-prone due to inconsistent rainfall and high evapotranspiration rates, with empirical analyses showing drought occurrences in more than 50% of historical years based on standardized precipitation indices.[25] [26] This aridity stems from the region's position in the rain shadow of the Western Ghats, limiting reliable water availability and amplifying risks during deficit monsoons, as documented in meteorological records from the India Meteorological Department.[27] Dominant soil types—red sandy loams and mixed black soils—support rainfed cultivation but exhibit high erosion susceptibility, particularly on undulating terrain where runoff accelerates during intense but infrequent rains. Studies employing models like RUSLE indicate moderate to severe erosion potential in parts of Manvi taluk, driven by low organic matter content and structural instability, which compounds aridity by diminishing soil moisture retention capacity.[28] [29]Demographics
Population trends and census data
According to the 2011 Indian census, the population of Manvi town (Town Municipal Council) was 46,465, comprising 23,261 males and 23,204 females, with a sex ratio of 998 females per 1,000 males.[3] The urban area of the town spanned approximately 17.70 square kilometers, yielding a population density of about 2,625 persons per square kilometer.[30] At the taluk level, Manvi taluk recorded a total population of 370,670 in 2011, with 184,163 males and 186,507 females, resulting in a sex ratio of 1,013 females per 1,000 males.[31] Of this, the rural population accounted for 324,205 (87.5%), while the urban component was limited to the 46,465 residents of Manvi town (12.5%), highlighting a predominantly rural character with limited urbanization.[31] The taluk covered 1,809 square kilometers, with an overall density of 205 persons per square kilometer.[32] The decadal population growth rate for Manvi taluk between 2001 and 2011 was 12.08%, reflecting moderate expansion driven primarily by rural demographics. For the town, the annual growth rate averaged 2.1% over the same period, indicating faster urban increment compared to the taluk average.[33] Average household size in Manvi town stood at approximately 5.09 persons per household, based on 9,137 households enumerated in 2011.[34] Projections for Manvi taluk estimate a population of 414,841 by 2025, assuming sustained growth patterns from the 2011 baseline, representing an approximate 11.92% increase over 14 years.[35] These figures derive from extrapolations of census trends, as the 2021 census was postponed and no updated official enumeration has occurred.[35]Social composition and literacy
Manvi's population exhibits a diverse social composition shaped by its location in the linguistically and historically mixed Deccan region of northern Karnataka. Scheduled Castes (SC) constitute 14.68% of the town's population, while Scheduled Tribes (ST) account for 11.87%, reflecting patterns of historical marginalization and land-based communities prevalent in Raichur district.[3] In the broader Manvi taluka, SC representation rises to 21.06%, indicating higher concentrations in rural areas surrounding the town.[35] Religiously, Hinduism predominates, comprising 86.72% of the taluka's residents, consistent with the town's Hindu-majority demographic influenced by ancient temple traditions and agrarian practices.[4] Muslims form a notable minority at 12.52%, their presence linked to medieval Deccan sultanate legacies, evidenced by historical mosques such as those from the Adil Shahi era in nearby sites.[4] Christians (0.23%) and Sikhs (0.02%) represent smaller communities, with negligible Jain or Buddhist populations reported.[4] Linguistically, Kannada serves as the primary language, aligning with Karnataka's official status, though the town's Deccan proximity fosters Telugu-speaking minorities from Andhra border migrations and Urdu speakers tied to Muslim historical settlements under Bahmani and Bijapur rule. District-level patterns show Kannada at around 50%, Urdu at 28%, and Telugu at 15% in urban centers like Raichur, suggesting similar proportions in Manvi. As of the 2011 census, Manvi town's overall literacy rate stands at 67.62%, surpassing the district average of 59.56% but trailing the state figure of 75.36%.[3][36] Male literacy reaches 75.18%, compared to 60.10% for females, yielding a gender gap of 15.08 percentage points—narrower than the district's 21.74-point disparity but indicative of persistent barriers in female education access amid rural influences.[3] Post-2011 initiatives, including state literacy drives, have aimed at gap reduction, though updated census data remains unavailable as of 2025.[3]Economy
Agricultural base and crops
Agriculture in Manvi taluk, located in Raichur district, constitutes the primary economic activity, with farming systems adapted to the predominant deep black soils and red sandy loams that characterize the Deccan Plateau terrain. These soils, particularly the moisture-retentive black cotton variety, facilitate the cultivation of rainfed and irrigated crops during the kharif season, supported by an average annual rainfall of approximately 643 mm.[37][38][39] Key crops include paddy as the dominant staple, occupying about 33% of the total cropped area, alongside jowar (sorghum), cotton, pulses such as chickpea and redgram, and minor oilseeds. Cotton thrives on the black soils under both irrigated and rainfed conditions, while jowar and pulses are sown in rabi rotations following kharif fallows. Paddy and cotton dominate kharif production, with district-level data indicating significant hectarage under these crops, though taluk-specific yields vary due to soil fertility gradients.[40][37][41] Irrigation infrastructure heavily favors canal systems, which irrigate 88% of the net area (37,981 hectares as of recent assessments), drawing from regional rivers like the Krishna and its tributaries via major dams. Tanks and wells contribute negligibly at 0.2% each, limiting expansion of high-water-demand crops like paddy beyond canal commands; seasonal dependency on southwest monsoons for kharif sowing underscores vulnerability to erratic precipitation.[40][42][41] These agricultural outputs underpin the taluk's contribution to Raichur district's economy, where net sown area exceeds 474,000 hectares district-wide, with crop production focused on food security grains and cash crops like cotton that integrate into broader market chains.[37][38]Local industries and employment
The non-agricultural workforce in Manvi taluk primarily consists of household industry workers and other workers engaged in trade, services, and small-scale manufacturing. According to the 2011 Census of India, household industry workers numbered 2,272, typically involved in activities such as basic textile processing and artisanal production, while other workers totaled 26,343, encompassing commerce, transport, and minor industrial operations excluding agriculture.[4] These categories reflect a modest shift toward non-farm employment, though the district's overall small-scale units—over 7,000 registered—provide limited absorption, with Raichur taluks collectively generating employment through tiny enterprises focused on services and light manufacturing. The Karnataka State Small Industries Development Corporation (KSSIDC) has developed an industrial area in Manvi to foster small-scale industries, aiming to generate local jobs in sectors like basic manufacturing and assembly units tailored to regional resources.[43] This initiative supports employment for the town's approximately 46,465 residents (2011 Census), though specific unit counts and job figures remain small, aligning with district patterns where such estates prioritize tiny and micro enterprises over large-scale operations.[3] Labor patterns indicate significant out-migration, particularly among semi-skilled and educated youth, to urban hubs like Bengaluru and Hyderabad for stable non-agricultural roles in construction, services, and informal manufacturing, driven by constrained local opportunities in Raichur's underdeveloped industrial base.[44] Marginal workers, numbering 36,325 in the taluk, often supplement income through seasonal urban labor, underscoring the reliance on circulatory migration amid inconsistent rural non-farm growth.[4]Government and Politics
Administrative structure
Manvi Town is governed by the Manvi Town Municipal Council (TMC), a third-grade municipal body under the Karnataka Municipalities Act, 1964, responsible for urban civic services including sanitation, water supply, street lighting, and solid waste management within the municipal limits.[45] The TMC also oversees urban planning and land-use regulation, collaborating with the Manvi Town Planning Authority for enforcement of zoning and building bylaws.[46] The council is headed by a Chief Officer, currently Sri Parashuram Devamane, and operates from an office near the weekly vegetable market in Manvi.[47] The broader Manvi taluk, which includes 108 revenue villages and rural areas spanning approximately 1,921 square kilometers, falls under the administrative jurisdiction of the Raichur revenue sub-division.[18] Rural governance is managed through the Taluk Panchayat, which coordinates development schemes, agriculture extension, and panchayat-level services, while revenue collection and land records are handled by the Tahsildar at the taluk office in Manvi.[48] Law and order in the taluk is maintained by the Manvi Police Station, established as part of the local administrative framework and integrated into the Manvi Circle under the Raichur Rural Police jurisdiction, with dedicated rural outposts for village-level policing.[49] In 2021, the Karnataka government designated the Manvi Local Planning Area (LPA), encompassing the municipal boundary and contiguous rural zones up to a conurbation limit, to guide controlled urban expansion through a provisional Master Plan focused on infrastructure zoning, green spaces, and commercial corridors.[18] This LPA framework, enforced by the Department of Town and Country Planning, integrates taluk-level revenue data with municipal oversight to prevent unplanned sprawl, with boundaries delineated along survey numbers and village limits.[50]Electoral history and representation
Manvi (ST) is a reserved Scheduled Tribes constituency in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly, numbered 55, falling within Raichur district and part of the Raichur Lok Sabha constituency.[51] Elections to this seat have occurred alongside statewide assembly polls since at least the 2008 delimitation, reflecting voter preferences among local communities including significant Kuruba populations.[52] The constituency saw consistent representation by Janata Dal (Secular) candidates from 2008 to 2018, before shifting to the Indian National Congress in 2023. In the 2008 election, Raja Venkatappa Nayak of JD(S) secured victory with 25,468 votes.[53] He retained the seat in 2013, polling 43,632 votes against competitors from Karnataka Janata Paksha and others.[54] Nayak won again in 2018 with 53,548 votes, defeating an independent candidate by a margin of 15,815 votes.[55] [56] The 2023 election marked a change, with G. Hampayya Nayak of INC emerging victorious by 7,719 votes.[57] [58]| Year | Winner | Party | Votes | Margin |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Raja Venkatappa Nayak | JD(S) | 25,468 | Not specified in available data[53] |
| 2013 | Raja Venkatappa Nayak | JD(S) | 43,632 | Not specified in available data[54] |
| 2018 | Raja Venkatappa Nayak | JD(S) | 53,548 | 15,815[55] |
| 2023 | G. Hampayya Nayak | INC | Not specified in summary data | 7,719[57] |
