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Maya Americans
Maya Americans are Americans of Maya descent. Most Maya Americans originate from western Guatemala and the Mexican state of Chiapas.
The Cold War led to the spread of Communist ideology in Latin America. The influence of Fidel Castro and the Cuban Revolution led to an uprising by the Guatemalan working class, Maya and peasant Ladino workers. These groups began forming left-wing factions and guerrilla groups like the MR-13, Guatemalan Party of Labor, and the EGP. This armed conflict was a result of a coup d'état supported by the CIA against the democratically elected government of Jacobo Árbenz in 1954. The Maya population of Guatemala found themselves caught in the crossfires of the Guatemalan Civil War from 1954 to 1996. During this time period, food shortages, political oppression, and violence led to the death of over 200,000 Guatemalan Maya. To combat Communist guerilla groups, the Guatemalan military issued the policy of Tierras Arrasadas, a scorched earth policy. The Guatemalan military raided areas suspected of revolutionary actions. The military burned the peasant villages and all their crops.[citation needed] This, combined with leftist-guerilla interaction with Indigenous peasants,[citation needed] led to famine and harsh economic conditions for the Maya peasant class. Waves of Maya emigrated to avoid military persecution, political instability, lack of opportunity, and natural disasters.
The socioeconomic conditions of war triggered waves of mass migration of Mayas into America from 1970 to the end of the Guatemalan Civil War. Many Maya families were split up because the males of the household would move to America and remit money back home to Guatemala.
As the war continued, changes to immigration laws in the U.S. restricted Mayan's' ability to seek asylum. The Guatemalan Civil War was at its peak during the Reagan presidency and due to his anti-Communist doctrine, the administration rarely considered Guatemalan refugees for asylum since the policy was to refuse economic refugees from Communist countries.
The post-civil war migrants are mostly economic migrants.
Providence, Rhode Island, also became a prominent destination for many Maya people during the Guatemalan Civil War. In the early 1980s and 1990s, the Guatemalan population in Providence began to flourish. At first Providence was meant to only be a stop in order to reach Canada, where many Guatemalan migrants hoped to receive asylum. The Maya population in Providence continued to grow and many Maya migrants began participating in the Providence economy by starting small businesses and working for locals. However, there were Quiché-speaking Mayans who also migrated to Providence and their inability to speak English created language barriers when attempting to find employment.
Maya-Americans are mostly found along the Sunbelt. They inhabit many cities like Los Angeles and Houston but they also occupy rural areas due to their agricultural roots. Many Maya migrants moved to poor neighborhoods in big cities which led to even more violence, resource shortages, and racial oppression. Most of the Maya immigrants are labor migrants therefore, they occupy a number of manual-labor positions. Also, migrant Maya deal with problems in communication and contacting relatives. The postal service in Guatemala is unreliable so many of Maya Americans must use special courier services to contact relatives. The United States Postal service only forwards mail to the Guatemala postal service. Therefore, Many Maya-Americans do not use it. Although some Maya were placed in crowded urban areas, they still own businesses such as restaurants, culture classes, and other sources of revenue. The communal aspect of Maya society is very strong as more majority Maya populations start to occupy more U.S. land and form their own means of sustenance for those economies. Other ethnic Maya formed settlements in agricultural societies like Indiantown, Florida. Indiantown is located in Martin County, Florida, and has a growing Latin American population. Most of this population consists of displaced Indigenous people with roots in Central America. Certain areas have larger Maya populations than others. Still, there are harsh economic conditions and less mobility due to language barriers and forced assimilation. The agricultural and communal background of Maya confines a large percentage of them to their communities. The generational gap of Maya migrants also shows the transition from different perspectives as we see third-generation migrants began to succeed in the factory setting rather than the rural settings. Although a large percent of Maya Americans still do farm, a large number of them are in more industrial settings. Factory life has been a staple in Maya Society in the United States.
Maya migrants who live in low economic conditions and speak limited amounts of English are often recruited to work in large factories. Low-skill factory jobs do not require English proficiency, often attracting many Maya individuals to join the factory industry. Despite the limited English proficiency necessary for these positions, language barriers still affect daily work life. Interpreters are often needed during orientation, and due to the various Mayan languages spoken, many individuals need help finding interpreters who speak Mayan languages. The average salaries for these factory positions are very low; however, these jobs allow some Maya Americans to remit money to Guatemala and support their families. A large portion of Nebraska's Maya population works in the meatpacking industry. In certain meatpacking factories in Nebraska, up to 95 percent of the employees are from Latinx and Hispanic backgrounds.
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Maya Americans
Maya Americans are Americans of Maya descent. Most Maya Americans originate from western Guatemala and the Mexican state of Chiapas.
The Cold War led to the spread of Communist ideology in Latin America. The influence of Fidel Castro and the Cuban Revolution led to an uprising by the Guatemalan working class, Maya and peasant Ladino workers. These groups began forming left-wing factions and guerrilla groups like the MR-13, Guatemalan Party of Labor, and the EGP. This armed conflict was a result of a coup d'état supported by the CIA against the democratically elected government of Jacobo Árbenz in 1954. The Maya population of Guatemala found themselves caught in the crossfires of the Guatemalan Civil War from 1954 to 1996. During this time period, food shortages, political oppression, and violence led to the death of over 200,000 Guatemalan Maya. To combat Communist guerilla groups, the Guatemalan military issued the policy of Tierras Arrasadas, a scorched earth policy. The Guatemalan military raided areas suspected of revolutionary actions. The military burned the peasant villages and all their crops.[citation needed] This, combined with leftist-guerilla interaction with Indigenous peasants,[citation needed] led to famine and harsh economic conditions for the Maya peasant class. Waves of Maya emigrated to avoid military persecution, political instability, lack of opportunity, and natural disasters.
The socioeconomic conditions of war triggered waves of mass migration of Mayas into America from 1970 to the end of the Guatemalan Civil War. Many Maya families were split up because the males of the household would move to America and remit money back home to Guatemala.
As the war continued, changes to immigration laws in the U.S. restricted Mayan's' ability to seek asylum. The Guatemalan Civil War was at its peak during the Reagan presidency and due to his anti-Communist doctrine, the administration rarely considered Guatemalan refugees for asylum since the policy was to refuse economic refugees from Communist countries.
The post-civil war migrants are mostly economic migrants.
Providence, Rhode Island, also became a prominent destination for many Maya people during the Guatemalan Civil War. In the early 1980s and 1990s, the Guatemalan population in Providence began to flourish. At first Providence was meant to only be a stop in order to reach Canada, where many Guatemalan migrants hoped to receive asylum. The Maya population in Providence continued to grow and many Maya migrants began participating in the Providence economy by starting small businesses and working for locals. However, there were Quiché-speaking Mayans who also migrated to Providence and their inability to speak English created language barriers when attempting to find employment.
Maya-Americans are mostly found along the Sunbelt. They inhabit many cities like Los Angeles and Houston but they also occupy rural areas due to their agricultural roots. Many Maya migrants moved to poor neighborhoods in big cities which led to even more violence, resource shortages, and racial oppression. Most of the Maya immigrants are labor migrants therefore, they occupy a number of manual-labor positions. Also, migrant Maya deal with problems in communication and contacting relatives. The postal service in Guatemala is unreliable so many of Maya Americans must use special courier services to contact relatives. The United States Postal service only forwards mail to the Guatemala postal service. Therefore, Many Maya-Americans do not use it. Although some Maya were placed in crowded urban areas, they still own businesses such as restaurants, culture classes, and other sources of revenue. The communal aspect of Maya society is very strong as more majority Maya populations start to occupy more U.S. land and form their own means of sustenance for those economies. Other ethnic Maya formed settlements in agricultural societies like Indiantown, Florida. Indiantown is located in Martin County, Florida, and has a growing Latin American population. Most of this population consists of displaced Indigenous people with roots in Central America. Certain areas have larger Maya populations than others. Still, there are harsh economic conditions and less mobility due to language barriers and forced assimilation. The agricultural and communal background of Maya confines a large percentage of them to their communities. The generational gap of Maya migrants also shows the transition from different perspectives as we see third-generation migrants began to succeed in the factory setting rather than the rural settings. Although a large percent of Maya Americans still do farm, a large number of them are in more industrial settings. Factory life has been a staple in Maya Society in the United States.
Maya migrants who live in low economic conditions and speak limited amounts of English are often recruited to work in large factories. Low-skill factory jobs do not require English proficiency, often attracting many Maya individuals to join the factory industry. Despite the limited English proficiency necessary for these positions, language barriers still affect daily work life. Interpreters are often needed during orientation, and due to the various Mayan languages spoken, many individuals need help finding interpreters who speak Mayan languages. The average salaries for these factory positions are very low; however, these jobs allow some Maya Americans to remit money to Guatemala and support their families. A large portion of Nebraska's Maya population works in the meatpacking industry. In certain meatpacking factories in Nebraska, up to 95 percent of the employees are from Latinx and Hispanic backgrounds.