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Molat
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Molat
Molat (pronounced [mɔ̌lat]) is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea. It lies near Zadar, southeast of Ist, separated by the Zapuntel Strait. It has an area of 22.82 km2 (8.81 sq mi).
The settlements on the island are Molat (population 107), Zapuntel (pop. 42), and Brgulje (pop. 48), and they are located in the interior of the island, with only smaller hamlets on the seaside. The main industries on the island are agriculture, sheep breeding, fishing, and tourism.
The island is composed of lower cretaceous and eocene limestone. The north=eastern coast is mostly low and indented with numerous coves but the south western coast is largely steep. The relief is characterised by two limestone ridges, separated from each other by the Zapuntel Field (the Bay of Brgulje is its south-eastern submerged part). A smaller transversal Molat Field (Serbo-Croatian: Polje) stretches in the south-eastern part of the island. From Zapuntel, it stretches through a section called Ponikve into a valley, Draga, that leads to the village of Porat. It is mostly covered with young forests and underbrush.
The island is part of the northern Zadar Archipelago, which has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports breeding populations of several species of fish-eating seabirds.
Molat has been inhabited since the Stone Age. At Ledenice near Zapuntel harbour, in the far north of the island, in Zapuntelsko polje and in the east of the village of Molat, more limestone objects were found from that time. According to the name of the island it can be concluded that it was inhabited in the Neolithic era by a pre-Indoeuropean population. This form of name is widespread in the Mediterranean: Mljet, Malta (island of Veli Drvenik, island south of Sicily, hinterland near Zadar).
There are no findings from the Bronze Age. From the Iron Age there were four Illyrian fortresses: Lokardenik, Gračina, Straža and Knežak. Inside the fortress there were objects of roasted ground, limestone items, handguns, food remains (bones, snails and shells). There were also 8 stone tombs (tumulus) found. Pottery vessels imported from southern Italy were found at Gracini near Brgulje.
In Roman times, the local Liburnian population lived quite autochthonously. The existence of the Roman population is evidenced by the toponyms: Karstul, Bavkul, Maknare, Tramerka, Brgulje et al.
Upon arrival, between the seventh and tenth centuries, Croats gradually assimilated the local population. At that time, the first records of the island appeared. The oldest mention is by Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos around 950. The name Melata is mentioned in 1073, 1151, 1195, 1381, etc. Zapuntel was first mentioned in 1450 as the port of Sanpontello, and Brgulje was first mentioned in 1527 when the first Venetian census was made.
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Molat
Molat (pronounced [mɔ̌lat]) is a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea. It lies near Zadar, southeast of Ist, separated by the Zapuntel Strait. It has an area of 22.82 km2 (8.81 sq mi).
The settlements on the island are Molat (population 107), Zapuntel (pop. 42), and Brgulje (pop. 48), and they are located in the interior of the island, with only smaller hamlets on the seaside. The main industries on the island are agriculture, sheep breeding, fishing, and tourism.
The island is composed of lower cretaceous and eocene limestone. The north=eastern coast is mostly low and indented with numerous coves but the south western coast is largely steep. The relief is characterised by two limestone ridges, separated from each other by the Zapuntel Field (the Bay of Brgulje is its south-eastern submerged part). A smaller transversal Molat Field (Serbo-Croatian: Polje) stretches in the south-eastern part of the island. From Zapuntel, it stretches through a section called Ponikve into a valley, Draga, that leads to the village of Porat. It is mostly covered with young forests and underbrush.
The island is part of the northern Zadar Archipelago, which has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International because it supports breeding populations of several species of fish-eating seabirds.
Molat has been inhabited since the Stone Age. At Ledenice near Zapuntel harbour, in the far north of the island, in Zapuntelsko polje and in the east of the village of Molat, more limestone objects were found from that time. According to the name of the island it can be concluded that it was inhabited in the Neolithic era by a pre-Indoeuropean population. This form of name is widespread in the Mediterranean: Mljet, Malta (island of Veli Drvenik, island south of Sicily, hinterland near Zadar).
There are no findings from the Bronze Age. From the Iron Age there were four Illyrian fortresses: Lokardenik, Gračina, Straža and Knežak. Inside the fortress there were objects of roasted ground, limestone items, handguns, food remains (bones, snails and shells). There were also 8 stone tombs (tumulus) found. Pottery vessels imported from southern Italy were found at Gracini near Brgulje.
In Roman times, the local Liburnian population lived quite autochthonously. The existence of the Roman population is evidenced by the toponyms: Karstul, Bavkul, Maknare, Tramerka, Brgulje et al.
Upon arrival, between the seventh and tenth centuries, Croats gradually assimilated the local population. At that time, the first records of the island appeared. The oldest mention is by Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos around 950. The name Melata is mentioned in 1073, 1151, 1195, 1381, etc. Zapuntel was first mentioned in 1450 as the port of Sanpontello, and Brgulje was first mentioned in 1527 when the first Venetian census was made.
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