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Panipat
Panipat (ⓘ) is an industrial city, located 95 km north of Delhi and 169 km south of Chandigarh on NH-44 in Panipat district, Haryana, India. It is famous for three major battles fought in 1526, 1556 and 1761. The city is also known as 'city of weavers', 'textile city' and 'cast-off clothes capital' of the world. It is home to industries like wool and cotton milling, saltpetre refining and manufacture of glass, electrical appliances, and other products. The city is included in the list of critically polluted industrial areas in India. As in Dec 2009, the Comprehensive Environment Pollution Index (CEPI) of the city was 59.00, as against 88.50 of Ankaleshwar (Gujarat). The three battles fought in the fatal field of Panipat changed the course of India's history, first two resulting in creation and confirmation of the Mughal Empire. The third battle led to the decisive defeat of the Maratha Confederacy in North India, which had become a dominating power in Delhi by then and enabled the British Empire's Company rule in India .
Borrowed from Hindi पानीपत (pānīpat), Pani (water) Pat means (Bank) "Panipat". As per another version, it is derived from Pandavprasth, i.e. 'Pani' as a short form of 'Pandav' and 'pat' as a short form of 'prasth'.It was also known as Panprastha.
Panipat district was carved out from the erstwhile Karnal district on 1 November 1989. On 24 July 1991, it was again merged with Karnal district. On 1 January 1992, it again became a separate district.
Panipat, while being carved out as a separate district firstly, included the "Assandh Tehsil" area. To add the "Assandh Tehsil" area back to Karnal, Panipat was merged with Karnal. Afterwards, Panipat was again carved out of Karnal for the second time, and excluded the "Assandh Tehsil" area. [citation needed]
Panipat was the scene of three pivotal battles that changed the history of Indian Subcontinent.
The First Battle of Panipat was fought on 21 April 1526 between Ibrahim Lodi, the Afghan Sultan of Delhi, and the Turko-Mongol warlord Babur, who later established Mughal rule in Northern Indian subcontinent. Babur's force defeated Ibrahim's much larger force of over one lakh (100,000) soldiers because of the technological advantage of field artillery. This first battle of Panipat thus ended the Lodi Rule established by Bahlul Lodi in Delhi. This battle marked the beginning of Mughal rule in India.
The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on 5 November 1556 between the forces of Akbar and Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, the last Hindu emperor of Delhi. Hem Chandra, who had captured states like Agra and Delhi defeating Akbar's army and declared himself as independent king after a coronation on 7 October 1556 at Purana Qila in Delhi, had a large army, and initially his forces were winning, but suddenly he was struck by an arrow in the eye and fell unconscious. On not seeing him in his howdah on the back of an elephant, his army fled. The unconscious Hemu was carried to Akbar's camp where Bairam Khan beheaded him. According to the historic sources Hemu and his army consisted of 1500 war elephants and a vanguard of artillery park.
Panipat is listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as a pargana under Delhi Sarkar and supplying a force of 1000 infantry and 100 cavalry under Mughal Empire. It had a brick fort at the time which was also mentioned.
Panipat
Panipat (ⓘ) is an industrial city, located 95 km north of Delhi and 169 km south of Chandigarh on NH-44 in Panipat district, Haryana, India. It is famous for three major battles fought in 1526, 1556 and 1761. The city is also known as 'city of weavers', 'textile city' and 'cast-off clothes capital' of the world. It is home to industries like wool and cotton milling, saltpetre refining and manufacture of glass, electrical appliances, and other products. The city is included in the list of critically polluted industrial areas in India. As in Dec 2009, the Comprehensive Environment Pollution Index (CEPI) of the city was 59.00, as against 88.50 of Ankaleshwar (Gujarat). The three battles fought in the fatal field of Panipat changed the course of India's history, first two resulting in creation and confirmation of the Mughal Empire. The third battle led to the decisive defeat of the Maratha Confederacy in North India, which had become a dominating power in Delhi by then and enabled the British Empire's Company rule in India .
Borrowed from Hindi पानीपत (pānīpat), Pani (water) Pat means (Bank) "Panipat". As per another version, it is derived from Pandavprasth, i.e. 'Pani' as a short form of 'Pandav' and 'pat' as a short form of 'prasth'.It was also known as Panprastha.
Panipat district was carved out from the erstwhile Karnal district on 1 November 1989. On 24 July 1991, it was again merged with Karnal district. On 1 January 1992, it again became a separate district.
Panipat, while being carved out as a separate district firstly, included the "Assandh Tehsil" area. To add the "Assandh Tehsil" area back to Karnal, Panipat was merged with Karnal. Afterwards, Panipat was again carved out of Karnal for the second time, and excluded the "Assandh Tehsil" area. [citation needed]
Panipat was the scene of three pivotal battles that changed the history of Indian Subcontinent.
The First Battle of Panipat was fought on 21 April 1526 between Ibrahim Lodi, the Afghan Sultan of Delhi, and the Turko-Mongol warlord Babur, who later established Mughal rule in Northern Indian subcontinent. Babur's force defeated Ibrahim's much larger force of over one lakh (100,000) soldiers because of the technological advantage of field artillery. This first battle of Panipat thus ended the Lodi Rule established by Bahlul Lodi in Delhi. This battle marked the beginning of Mughal rule in India.
The Second Battle of Panipat was fought on 5 November 1556 between the forces of Akbar and Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, the last Hindu emperor of Delhi. Hem Chandra, who had captured states like Agra and Delhi defeating Akbar's army and declared himself as independent king after a coronation on 7 October 1556 at Purana Qila in Delhi, had a large army, and initially his forces were winning, but suddenly he was struck by an arrow in the eye and fell unconscious. On not seeing him in his howdah on the back of an elephant, his army fled. The unconscious Hemu was carried to Akbar's camp where Bairam Khan beheaded him. According to the historic sources Hemu and his army consisted of 1500 war elephants and a vanguard of artillery park.
Panipat is listed in the Ain-i-Akbari as a pargana under Delhi Sarkar and supplying a force of 1000 infantry and 100 cavalry under Mughal Empire. It had a brick fort at the time which was also mentioned.
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