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Red Sparowes
Red Sparowes
Red Sparowes
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Red Sparowes is an American, Los Angeles-based post-rock band, comprising current and former members of Isis, Marriages, The Nocturnes, Halifax Pier, Angel Hair and Pleasure Forever.[1] Their sound is characteristic of soundscape-influenced experimental rock, with an otherwise uncommon extensive use of a pedal steel guitar.

Key Information

History

[edit]

Red Sparowes formed in 2003 as a side project for its members. They signed to Neurot Recordings, Neurosis's record label. They recorded some demos for their debut album, and this led to tours with The Dillinger Escape Plan and Made Out of Babies in 2004. The debut was recorded in May 2004 by engineer Desmond Shea, with the resulting sound in the vein of guitarists Bryant Clifford Meyer and Jeff Caxide's band Isis, Chicago post-rock/metal outfit Pelican, as well as bands as varied as Sonic Youth and The Cure. Members Jeff Caxide and Dana Berkowitz relocated in late 2004, thus forcing them out of the band. They were replaced by Andy Arahood on guitar and bass, and David Clifford on drums.

Red Sparowes' first studio album, At the Soundless Dawn, was released in February 2005, following Clifford Meyer's Isis in their initial tours in support of Panopticon. Shortly after this release, a split 12" album was released with Gregor Samsa. The Red Sparowes side contained the second track from At the Soundless Dawn, "Buildings Began to Stretch Wide Across the Sky, And the Air Filled with a Reddish Glow," as well as a track recorded during the album's recording sessions with guitar by Michael Gallagher of Isis, initially only available on the Japanese release of the album. Following the release of the album, the band headlined a tour in Europe and participated in an American tour with Pelican, Big Business and Breather Resist. After touring the band released their follow-up record, Every Red Heart Shines Toward the Red Sun, in 2006.[2] This release was followed by more touring of North America and Europe, including shows in the US with Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds.

In early 2008 Josh Graham parted ways with the rest of the band to pursue musical project A Storm of Light, and was replaced by guitarist Brendan Tobin.

In May 2008, Red Sparowes recorded new material with engineer Toshi Kasai (Melvins, Big Business, Tool), and in August that year the EP Aphorisms was released digitally.

Tobin departed in 2009 and in June, the band announced Emma Ruth Rundle as his replacement.[3] Red Sparowes began recording their third full-length studio album with Kasai on August 24, 2009. The album, titled The Fear Is Excruciating, But Therein Lies the Answer, was released on April 6, 2010.

Red Sparowes had more or less been on an indefinite hiatus since late 2011, but in late September 2019, the band was announced to be playing at the 2020 edition of the Roadburn festival, as part of a lineup curated by guitarist Emma Ruth Rundle. Former guitarist Brendan Tobin and Baroness drummer Allen Blickle were announced for the show, joining 2011-era members Andy Arahood, Greg Burns, Clifford Meyer, and Rundle to form a six-piece band.[4] On March 24, 2020, the band announced via their official Facebook account that their show had been postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, similar to many concerts and tours in 2020. In the same post the band also confirmed that they were working on a new album.[5]

Discography

[edit]

Studio albums

[edit]

Live albums

[edit]

EPs

[edit]

Splits

[edit]

Band members

[edit]

Current

  • Bryant Clifford Meyer – guitar, keyboards (formerly of Isis) (2003-2011, 2019–present)
  • Greg Burns – bass, pedal steel guitar (of Marriages & Halifax Pier) (2003-2011, 2019–present)
  • Andy Arahood – guitar, bass (of Angel Hair) (2005-2011, 2019–present)
  • David Clifford – drums (of The VSS, Pleasure Forever, Marriages) (2005-2011, 2019–present)
  • Emma Ruth Rundle – guitar (of Marriages & The Nocturnes) (2009-2011, 2019–present)

Former

Timeline

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Red Sparowes

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Red Sparowes is an American band formed in , , in 2003, renowned for their experimental and atmospheric compositions that blend heavy, epic soundscapes with subtle textures, including prominent use of . The group emerged from the scene, with founding members drawn from influential acts in , hardcore, and , creating music characterized by dynamic builds, chiming guitars, and entrancing rhythms without vocals. The band's original lineup consisted of guitarists Bryant Clifford Meyer (of Isis) and Josh Graham (visuals for Neurosis), bassist and pedal steel player Greg Burns (of Halifax Pier), bassist Jeff Caxide (of Isis), and drummer Dana Berkowitz (of The Cignal). By the end of 2004, Caxide and Berkowitz had departed due to relocations, leading to the addition of bassist and guitarist Andy Arahod (of Angel Hair) and drummer David Clifford (of The VSS and Pleasure Forever). This core ensemble shaped Red Sparowes' distinctive sound, influenced by bands such as , , and , while emphasizing conceptual themes in their largely untitled tracks. Red Sparowes debuted with the album At the Soundless Dawn in 2005 on Neurot Recordings, recorded in San Francisco, followed by Every Red Heart Shines Toward the Red Sun in 2006 and a collaborative EP Triad with Made Out of Babies and Battle of Mice that same year. Their third studio album, The Fear Is Excruciating, But Therein Lies the Answer, arrived in 2010 via Sargent House, marking their final full-length release to date. During their active period, the band toured extensively, including U.S. runs with Dillinger Escape Plan and Made Out of Babies, a headlining European and UK tour in 2005, and a national tour with Pelican, Big Business, and Breather Resist later that year. Following a decade-long hiatus from live performances, Red Sparowes announced a reunion for an exclusive set at the 2020 , curated by former member , but the event was postponed due to the and ultimately canceled, with no further shows materializing since. Despite the break, the band's catalog remains influential in the genre, with members pursuing individual projects in music production, soundtracks, and other ensembles.

History

Formation and early releases (2003–2006)

Red Sparowes formed in 2003 in as a by guitarist and keyboardist Bryant Clifford Meyer (formerly of ), guitarist, keyboardist, and vocalist Josh Graham (formerly of ), and bassist and pedal steel player Greg Burns (formerly of Halifax Pier). The initial lineup was completed with the addition of bassist (also from ) and drummer Dana Berkowitz. The band emerged from members' shared roots in the East Coast hardcore scene, with influences including , , and Washington, D.C., hardcore acts, leading to a collaborative effort focused on instrumental aesthetics. After recording demos, Red Sparowes signed to Neurot Recordings—Neurosis's label—in 2004. By the end of 2004, Caxide and Berkowitz departed due to relocations, with bassist and guitarist Andy Arahood (of Angel Hair) and drummer (of The VSS and Pleasure Forever) joining the band. This lineup shaped subsequent releases and touring. The debut album, At the Soundless Dawn, was recorded over four days in May 2004 at The Studio That Time Forgot in and engineered by Desmond Shea, presenting a conceptual narrative about a hypothetical sixth , with track titles forming a story of environmental and amid industrialization and ecological devastation. Released on February 22, 2005, the full track listing is:
  • "Alone and Unaware, the Landscape Was Transformed in Front of Our Eyes" (8:28)
  • "Buildings Began to Stretch Wide Across the Sky, and the Air Turned Black with Smoke and Ash" (7:16)
  • "The Soundless Dawn Came Alive as Cities Began to Mark the Horizon" (9:04)
  • "Mechanical Sounds Cascaded Through the City and We All Bled Oil" (5:11)
  • "A Brief Moment of Clarity Broke Through the Deafening Hum, But It Was Too Late" (6:00)
  • "Our Happiest Days Slowly Began to Turn into Dust" (5:41)
  • "The Sixth Extinction Crept Up Slowly, Like Sunlight Through the Shutters, as We Looked Back in Regret" (5:41)
The record's layered guitars, atmospheric keyboards, and driving rhythms established the band's signature sound. In support of the debut, Red Sparowes toured extensively, including a 2004 North American run opening for and Made Out of Babies, a headlining European tour in spring 2005, and a U.S. tour in August and September 2005 alongside and . These performances helped build the band's reputation within the and scenes. The band's second album, Every Red Heart Shines Toward the Red Sun, followed on September 12, 2006. Recorded in April and May 2006 at Louder Studios in Cotati, California, with producer Tim Green, it continues the conceptual approach, drawing on China's Great Leap Forward (1958–1962). The narrative, conveyed through track titles, critiques the Maoist campaign's disastrous policies—like the mass killing of sparrows to boost agriculture—which contributed to famine and an estimated 20–40 million deaths. The full track listing is:
  • "The Poured Down Upon Us One Day Like a Mighty , Suddenly and Furiously Blinding Our Senses" (6:22)
  • "We Stood Transfixed in Blank Devotion as Our Leader Spoke to Us, Looking Far into the Future" (4:25)
  • "Like the Howling Glory, When He Speaks, the World Trembles with Fear" (6:33)
  • "Annihilate the Sparrow, That Stealer of Seed, and Our Harvests Will Abound" (10:23)
  • "And by Our Own Hand Did Every Last Burner of Black Gold Fade Away" (1:51)
  • "As the Began to Collapse, We Watched with Our Mouths Open Wide, as It Fell into the " (5:12)
  • "Our Fevered Eyes Were at the Centre of the , and We Were Spun Around in Circles" (7:16)
  • "A Message in the Light" (0:47)
The album intensifies the debut's atmospheric intensity with darker, more erratic structures, reflecting the theme's themes of and catastrophe. Early live shows for this release included West Coast dates with in early 2007.

Peak activity and final album (2007–2011)

Following the success of their second album, Red Sparowes entered a period of heightened activity in 2007, marked by extensive touring across and , including a notable appearance at the in , , on April 20, 2007. This momentum built on their earlier releases, allowing the band to refine their live performances with intricate soundscapes and dynamic shifts. Later that year, they supported on select U.S. dates and headlined their own runs, solidifying their presence in the scene. In early 2008, guitarist Josh Graham announced his departure from the band to focus on commitments with and his new project A Storm of Light, citing scheduling conflicts and creative priorities. He was temporarily replaced by Brendan Tobin of Made Out of Babies for recording and touring. In 2009, joined as . This lineup shift influenced the band's next release, the digital-only EP Aphorisms, issued on July 8, 2008, via Amazon and , serving as a transitional work bridging their second and third albums with experimental textures. The EP features four tracks: "We Left the Apes to Rot, But Find the Fang Grows Within," "Error Has Turned Animals into Men, and Are the Beasts Laughing Now?," "Like the Howling Glory of Life’s Miseries," and "In Illusions of Order," recorded in May 2008 at West Beach Recorders. A vinyl edition was released in 2009 on . The band continued touring vigorously in 2008 and 2009, including U.S. and European legs supporting Every Red Heart Shines Toward the , with appearances alongside acts like and . These efforts culminated in the recording of their third studio album, The Fear Is Excruciating, But Therein Lies the Answer, tracked and mixed from August to September 2009 at Infrasonic Sound in with engineer Toshi Kasai. Released on , 2010, by , the album marks a departure from the historical narratives of prior works, embracing a more aggressive and unbound style driven by raw power and conviction. Its tracklist includes:
  • "Truths Arise" (1:49)
  • "In Illusions of Order" (7:36)
  • "A Hail of Bombs" (4:21)
  • "Giving Birth to Imagined Saviors" (6:08)
  • "A Swarm" (7:10)
  • "In Every Mind" (3:06)
  • "The Great Leveller" (5:53)
  • "The Fear Is Excruciating, But Therein Lies the Answer" (6:34)
Promoting the album, Red Sparowes undertook major North American and European tours in 2010–2011, including a headlining U.S. run starting March 29, 2010, with support from Doomriders and others, as well as festival slots at events like Ilosaarirock in Finland (July 2011). The band's pace began to wane amid personal commitments. Their final activities included a European tour with Mono in July 2011, culminating in their last performance on July 21, 2011, at A38 in Budapest, Hungary, after which they entered an indefinite hiatus.

Hiatus and reformation (2012–present)

Following the release of their third studio album in 2010, Red Sparowes entered an indefinite hiatus in late 2011, allowing members to focus on individual creative pursuits. Bryant Clifford Meyer launched his solo ambient Taiga, releasing several albums exploring electronic and experimental soundscapes. Meanwhile, Emma Ruth Rundle and bassist Greg Burns formed the band Marriages in 2011, blending with elements on their debut album in 2015. This shift enabled personal artistic development amid the demands of maintaining the band's collaborative structure. In September 2019, the band announced their reformation with an updated lineup, planning an exclusive performance at the 2020 in , , as part of a curation by former member . This marked their first live show in nearly a decade, signaling renewed interest in the project. The lineup included returning core members alongside new contributors, reflecting evolved personnel dynamics. The Roadburn appearance, along with a planned show at The Echo on April 13, 2020, was ultimately postponed due to the , which disrupted global touring and festival schedules. Roadburn itself shifted to April 2021, but Red Sparowes did not perform at the rescheduled event, and no further live dates or releases have materialized since. As of November 2025, the band remains on indefinite hiatus with no new studio releases since 2010 and no confirmed live performances or collaborative updates.

Musical style and themes

Core elements and sound

Red Sparowes' music is firmly rooted in , characterized by atmospheric, layered soundscapes that build intricate sonic environments without relying on traditional verse-chorus structures. The band's core sound emphasizes subtlety and deliberation, creating an epic quality devoid of bombast, with heaviness achieved through texture rather than barre-chord riffs or aggressive elements. This approach results in entrancing yet unnerving compositions, blending orchestral walls of sound with serpentine, syrupy attacks that evoke a sense of vast, evolving landscapes. The instrumentation centers on multiple layers of guitars—often chiming, spindly, and laden with effects—for melodic and textural depth, supported by bass and dynamic drumming that drive builds and releases. A distinctive feature is the extensive use of , which adds fluidity and ethereal shimmer, functioning almost as a lead voice in the mix. Keyboards and organs provide ambient swells and harmonic undercurrents, while the absence of prominent vocals is notable—any vocal elements appear as subtle or samples treated instrumentally, enhancing the immersive quality without dominating the narrative. Over their discography, Red Sparowes' sound evolved from the slow-building crescendos and sweeping melodies of their 2005 debut At the Soundless Dawn, which prioritized atmospheric immersion and shifting riffs, to the heightened melodic intensity in 2006's Every Red Heart Shines Toward the , where layered guitars and pedal steel created more focused emotional arcs. By their 2010 The Fear Is Excruciating, But Therein Lies the Answer, the style incorporated greater aggression through distortion and pronounced soft/loud dynamics, emphasizing songwriting via subtlety while maintaining the band's textural core. Production favors an organic, reverb-heavy aesthetic that amplifies the atmospheric elements, often captured in intimate settings to preserve raw energy—early works like the debut were recorded in by engineer Desmond Shea, yielding mixes rich in spatial depth and instrumental interplay. The band's heaviness draws ties to and through shared personnel and a metallic undercurrent, yet it remains more melodic and less sludge-oriented, with epic structures echoing Explosions in the Sky's expansive builds.

Narrative influences

Red Sparowes' albums are structured as conceptual narratives, where compositions serve as an evocative to overarching stories conveyed primarily through lengthy, descriptive track titles and accompanying visuals or . This approach allows listeners to interpret the music through a provided thematic lens while maintaining ambiguity, as the band composes the music first and retrofits concepts afterward to enhance emotional depth without prescriptive . The debut album, At the Soundless Dawn (2005), unfolds a narrative arc depicting humanity's unwitting role in precipitating the sixth mass extinction, contrasting natural prehistoric extinctions with anthropogenic destruction. Track titles form a cohesive story of environmental transformation, urban expansion, and eventual regret, from initial ignorance—"Alone and Unaware, the Landscape Was Transformed in Front of Our Eyes”—to apocalyptic closure in "The Sixth Extinction Crept Up Slowly, Like Sunlight Through the Shutters, as We Looked Back in Regret." This theme draws from broader ecological and historical accounts of mass extinctions, emphasizing regret and the slow encroachment of catastrophe. The second album, Every Red Heart Shines Toward the Red Sun (2006), centers on the disastrous consequences of China's in the late , particularly the Four Pests Campaign's mass extermination of sparrows, which disrupted ecosystems and contributed to a killing an estimated 20 to 45 million people. The narrative progresses through titles evoking frenzy, desperation, and resignation, such as "The Great Leap Forward Poured Down Upon Us One Day Like a Mighty Storm" and "Annihilate the Sparrow, That Stealer of Seed, and Our Harvests Will Abound; We Will Watch Our Wealth Flood In," highlighting themes of misguided human intervention and its futile, tragic outcomes. In contrast, the third album, The Fear Is Excruciating, But Therein Lies the Answer (2010), abandons a fixed historical storyline for an abstract exploration of existential anxiety and the innate human drive to impose patterns or meaning on chaos. Without a singular event as anchor, the music delves into personal and philosophical , using dynamic shifts to mirror and the search for resolution amid dread. The band's narrative influences stem predominantly from historical events illustrating human hubris and ecological folly, rather than direct literary sources, with instrumental form prioritizing emotional over explicit .

Discography

Studio albums

Red Sparowes released three studio albums between 2005 and 2010, all entirely recordings that emphasize expansive compositions, layered instrumentation, and narrative-driven structures without vocals. These albums were issued primarily through independent labels associated with the genre, receiving acclaim within and circles for their atmospheric intensity and conceptual cohesion, though they achieved limited mainstream commercial success with only minor indie radio airplay. The band's debut, At the Soundless Dawn, was released on February 22, 2005, via Neurot Recordings. Featuring eight tracks over 62 minutes, it explores themes of environmental collapse through slow-building crescendos and intricate guitar work. Critics hailed it as a promising debut, with awarding 8.3 out of 10 for its immersive soundscapes and . rated it 5.9 out of 10, commending the eclectic guitar stylings drawn from new wave and influences but critiquing the occasionally tedious pacing in its lengthy tracks. Every Red Heart Shines Toward the Red Sun, the follow-up, arrived on September 19, 2006, also on Neurot Recordings. This eight-track, 61-minute album delves into the historical atrocities of China's , using swelling orchestral elements and rhythmic tension to convey its storyline. It garnered strong praise for its thematic depth and emotional resonance, earning an 8.6 out of 10 from , which highlighted the seamless progression across its epic-length songs. The final studio album, The Fear Is Excruciating, But Therein Lies the Answer, was issued on April 6, 2010, by . Comprising eight tracks in 43 minutes, it shifts toward more urgent, jazz-influenced percussion and , examining cycles of fear and resolution without an explicit narrative. Reception noted its heightened intensity, with giving 8.4 out of 10 for the band's refined execution of soft/loud dynamics. scored it 5.2 out of 10, appreciating moments of character like Allman Brothers-inspired slides but finding the bombastic peaks predictable. Limited-edition vinyl reissues have appeared via , including variant pressings and a 10th anniversary edition in 2020.

EPs and splits

Red Sparowes released their first collaborative effort, a split with Gregor Samsa, in 2005–2006 via Robotic Empire. The band's side features two instrumental tracks—"I Saw the Sky in the North Open to the Ground and Fire Poured Out" and "Buildings Began to Stretch Wide Across the Sky, and the Air Filled with a Glow (Demo)"—totaling about 14 minutes and serving as an early showcase of their sound shortly after their debut . Issued in 12" vinyl (2005) and (2006) formats, the split provided initial exposure to overlapping audiences in and communities, with reviews noting its value for collectors despite mixed reception on the pairing. In 2006, Red Sparowes participated in the collaborative Triad EP with Made Out of Babies and , released on May 16 via Neurot Recordings. The release was issued as a set of three 7" vinyl records or a CD, with Red Sparowes contributing two tracks—"Annihilate the Corrupt" and "The Great Leap Forward Poured Down Upon Us One Day Like a Mighty Storm, Which We Thought Would Destroy Us"—totaling around 15 minutes and continuing their thematic style. In 2008, the band issued the Aphorisms EP as a digital download through , consisting of three tracks clocking in at 17 minutes total: "We Left the Apes to Rot, But Find the Fang Grows Within," "Error Has Turned Animals Into Men, and to Each the Fold Repeats," and "Like the Wind, the Signs in Our Hearts Are Shifting." Produced by the band and Toshi Kasai, these experimental pieces act as interludes bridging their second and third studio albums, emphasizing raw production and lighter textures compared to prior works. A vinyl edition followed in 2009, but the EP remained primarily digital; it has been praised by fans for its focused, anthemic energy and as a compelling to the band's evolving style. In 2006, following equipment theft during a European tour, Red Sparowes released the live album Oh Lord, God of Vengeance, Show Yourself! via Neurot Recordings to fund replacements. The album features seven live tracks from their early material, totaling 70 minutes, with liner notes expressing frustration toward the thieves. These non-album releases highlight Red Sparowes' collaborative and supplementary output during their peak activity period.

Band members

Current members

The lineup announced for Red Sparowes' 2020 reunion consists of musicians who were part of the band's final active period and the planned . Although new material was in development as of 2020, no further releases or performances have occurred as of 2025, with the band remaining on hiatus. Bryant Clifford Meyer plays guitar and keyboards, serving as a founding member since 2003 and the band's primary composer, shaping its intricate arrangements across multiple albums. His multifaceted role extends to production and composition in related projects, including contributions to Marriages. Greg Burns handles bass and , another founding member from 2003 whose pedal steel work adds distinctive textural depth and atmospheric layers to the band's soundscapes. He was part of the announced reunion. Andy Arahood contributes on guitar and bass, having joined in 2004 to bolster the band's rhythmic foundation and expand its sonic palette during the mid-2000s era of heightened activity. He was included in the reunion announcement. David Clifford serves as the drummer, delivering dynamic percussion that drives the band's swelling crescendos; he joined in 2004 and was part of the announced . He faced health challenges due to Guillain-Barré syndrome in 2022. Emma Ruth Rundle plays guitar, rejoining in 2019 after an earlier stint from 2009 to 2011, infusing the music with her folk-tinged sensibilities drawn from her acclaimed solo career and prior collaborations. Her return was tied to the 2020 reunion plans, including work on new recordings.

Former members

Red Sparowes' original lineup underwent significant changes shortly after the band's formation in 2003. Founding bassist , who also played guitar, contributed to the recording of the debut album At the Soundless Dawn before departing in late 2004 due to relocation away from . Similarly, founding Dana Berkowitz, who handled the percussion on the same debut album, left the band around the same time for the same reason, having supported early live performances as well. Guitarist, keyboardist, and vocalist Josh Graham, another founding member, remained with the band through the recording of the second album Every Red Heart Shines Toward the Red Sun in 2006 and subsequent tours before leaving in 2008 to pursue other musical projects, including and A Storm of Light. His departure marked a shift in the band's guitar lineup, as Graham had been integral to the group's textural and melodic elements during the early years. To fill the guitar role post-Graham, Brendan Tobin joined as a temporary member from 2008 to 2009, contributing to the EP Aphorisms and related tours after having previously guested with the band live. Tobin, known from Made Out of Babies, provided continuity during this transitional period before took over the position.

Timeline

YearEventLineup Changes
2003Formation of the band as a side project.Joining: Josh Graham (guitar), Greg Burns (bass, pedal steel), Bryant Clifford Meyer (guitar), (bass, guitar), Dana Berkowitz (drums).
2004Departure of founding members due to relocation; new members join for debut recording and release.Leaving: , Dana Berkowitz. Joining: (drums), Andy Arahood (guitar).
2008Departure of guitarist following the release of the second ; replacement joins for EP and tours.Leaving: Josh Graham. Joining: Brendan Tobin (guitar).
2009Change in guitar lineup for the third .Leaving: Brendan Tobin. Joining: (guitar, vocals).
2010–2011Final active period with the lineup recording the third and touring.Lineup: Bryant Clifford Meyer, Greg Burns, Andy Arahood, , .
2019–2020Announcement of band reformation and reunion shows, including (canceled due to ).Reformed with: Bryant Clifford Meyer, Greg Burns, Andy Arahood, , .

References

  1. https://www.neurotrecordings.com/full-roster/red-sparowes
  2. https://www.allmusic.com/artist/red-sparowes-mn0000666157
  3. https://www.popmatters.com/take-flight-an-interview-with-red-sparowes-2495785855.html
  4. https://sargenthouse.com/red-sparowes
  5. https://www.brooklynvegan.com/red-sparowes-reuniting-playing-roadburn/
  6. https://www.theprp.com/2020/03/23/news/2020-roadburn-festival-postponed/
  7. https://www.discogs.com/artist/393288-Red-Sparowes
  8. https://www.discogs.com/master/26190-Red-Sparowes-At-The-Soundless-Dawn
  9. https://redsparowes.bandcamp.com/album/at-the-soundless-dawn
  10. https://www.allmusic.com/album/at-the-soundless-dawn-mw0000140209
  11. https://www.progarchives.com/album.asp?id=11925
  12. https://www.progarchives.com/artist.asp?id=2498
  13. https://www.discogs.com/master/26201-Red-Sparowes-Every-Red-Heart-Shines-Toward-The-Red-Sun
  14. https://redsparowes.bandcamp.com/album/every-red-heart-shines-toward-the-red-sun
  15. https://www.progarchives.com/album.asp?id=12920
  16. https://echoesanddust.com/2016/12/echoes-of-the-past-red-sparowes-every-red-heart-shines-towards-the-red-sun/
  17. https://www.allmusic.com/album/every-red-heart-shines-toward-the-red-sun-mw0000449413
  18. https://www.setlist.fm/festival/2007/roadburn-2007-5bd6b730.html
  19. https://www.concertarchives.org/bands/red-sparowes
  20. https://crypticrock.com/interview-josh-graham-of-a-storm-of-light/
  21. https://redsparowes.bandcamp.com/album/aphorisms
  22. https://www.discogs.com/master/196078-Red-Sparowes-Aphorisms
  23. https://www.discogs.com/release/2696886-Red-Sparowes-The-Fear-Is-Excruciating-But-Therein-Lies-The-Answer
  24. https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/14197-the-fear-is-excruciating-but-therein-lies-the-answer/
  25. https://redsparowes.bandcamp.com/album/the-fear-is-excruciating-but-therein-lies-the-answer
  26. https://rateyourmusic.com/artist/red-sparowes
  27. https://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/51864/Red-Sparowes-Every-Red-Heart-Shines-Toward-The-Red.../
  28. https://www.scenepointblank.com/reviews/red-sparowes/every-red-heart-shines-toward-the-red-sun/
  29. https://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/3150/Red-Sparowes-At-The-Soundless-Dawn/
  30. https://www.invisibleoranges.com/red-sparowes-the-fear-is-excruciating-but-therein-lies-the-answer/
  31. https://www.popmatters.com/explosions-in-the-sky-the-wilderness-2495442143.html
  32. https://www.thelineofbestfit.com/reviews/albums/red-sparowes-the-fear-is-excruciating-but-therein-lies-the-answer-27115
  33. https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/6945-at-the-soundless-dawn/
  34. https://www.allmusic.com/album/the-fear-is-excruciating-but-therein-lies-the-answer-mw0001965725
  35. https://www.discogs.com/master/240253-Red-Sparowes-The-Fear-Is-Excruciating-But-Therein-Lies-The-Answer
  36. https://www.discogs.com/release/3287455-Red-Sparowes-Gregor-Samsa-Red-Sparowes-Gregor-Samsa
  37. https://www.discogs.com/release/683299-Red-Sparowes-Gregor-Samsa-Red-Sparowes-Gregor-Samsa
  38. https://www.progarchives.com/Review.asp?id=94889
  39. https://www.discogs.com/master/12422-Red-Sparowes-Made-Out-Of-Babies-Battle-Of-Mice-Triad
  40. https://www.allmusic.com/album/triad-mw0000421246
  41. https://www.sputnikmusic.com/review/26501/Red-Sparowes-Aphorism/
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  43. https://undrtn.pl/2020/05/just-be-strong-interview-with-emma-ruth-rundle/
  44. https://www.metal-archives.com/artists/Bryant_C._Meyer/8055
  45. https://www.theprp.com/2022/11/04/news/gofundme-launched-for-red-sparowes-etc-drummer-david-clifford-following-bout-with-guillain-barre-syndrome/
  46. https://www.metal-archives.com/artists/Emma_Ruth_Rundle/867774
  47. https://music.apple.com/us/artist/red-sparowes/60850270
  48. https://www.drummerszone.com/artists/dana-berkowitz/10900/profile/
  49. https://www.scenepointblank.com/reviews/red-sparowes/
  50. https://veilofsound.com/2021/05/23/Unsung_Heroes_No2_Josh_Graham.html
  51. https://www.metal-archives.com/artists/Brendan_Tobin/445436
  52. http://post-engineering.blogspot.com/2010/03/album-red-sparowes-fear-is-excruciating.html
  53. https://metalinjection.net/news/excited-red-sparrows
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