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Remphan
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Remphan
Remphan (also spelled Rephan; Koine Greek: Ῥαιφάν) is a term used by Stephen at the time of his martyrdom in the Book of Acts 7:43 in the New Testament, in reference to a specific object of idolatrous worship:
Yea, ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which ye made to worship them: and I will carry you away beyond Babylon. (Acts 7:43)
According to some Biblical scholars, the name refers to the Hebrew Kiyyun or Chiun (Hebrew: כִּיּוּן), mentioned in Amos 5:26. Since the words "Kiyyun" ("Chiun") and "Remphan" are each hapax legomena, there is debate whether they are meant as common or proper nouns. It is generally presumed that both remphan and chiun refer to the planet Saturn.
In the New Testament, Stephen condemns Jewish idolatry in the following verse: "Ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which ye made to worship them: and I will carry you away beyond Babylon." In the Greek of the New Testament, it is a mostly word-for-word quotation of the 3rd century BC Septuagint translation of Amos 5:26–27: "Ye have borne the tabernacle of your Moloch and Chiun your images, the star of your god, which ye made to yourselves. (27) Therefore will I cause you to go into captivity beyond Damascus, saith the Lᴏʀᴅ, whose name is The God of Hosts."
The context for the admonition is that Amos had been sent to the northern Kingdom of Samaria, where Judaism had become syncretic with foreign idolatry, which he declares unacceptable. It is seen[by whom?] as a prophetic reference to Shalmaneser V's later capture of the Israelites and taking them into the cities of the Medes.
Remphan is a rendering of the Ancient Greek, ρεμφαν. Various manuscripts offer other transliterations of this pronunciation, including Ῥομφά, Ῥεμφάν, Ῥεμφάμ, and Ῥεφάν.[citation needed] It is likely in reference to "Kiyyun" ("Chiun") mentioned in Amos 5:26, which the Septuagint renders as "Raiphan" (Ῥαιφάν) or "Rephan".[citation needed] Kiyyun is generally assumed to be the god Saturn, the Assyrian name of which was "Kayvân" ("Kēwān").
In Moses and Aaron (1625), Thomas Godwyn claimed Kiyyun and the Star of Remphan should be held as separate entities, the first a reference to the deity Heracles, and the latter a reference to a painted mark on the forehead of Molech.
In the 18th century, Christian Gottlieb Wolff referenced the belief that the name actually came from Ancient Egypt, by way of the Ammonites, tying his worship into the period that Diodorus Siculus' history references the king "Remphis", possibly Ramses III, beginning a seven-generation decline of Egyptian civilization.
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Remphan
Remphan (also spelled Rephan; Koine Greek: Ῥαιφάν) is a term used by Stephen at the time of his martyrdom in the Book of Acts 7:43 in the New Testament, in reference to a specific object of idolatrous worship:
Yea, ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which ye made to worship them: and I will carry you away beyond Babylon. (Acts 7:43)
According to some Biblical scholars, the name refers to the Hebrew Kiyyun or Chiun (Hebrew: כִּיּוּן), mentioned in Amos 5:26. Since the words "Kiyyun" ("Chiun") and "Remphan" are each hapax legomena, there is debate whether they are meant as common or proper nouns. It is generally presumed that both remphan and chiun refer to the planet Saturn.
In the New Testament, Stephen condemns Jewish idolatry in the following verse: "Ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which ye made to worship them: and I will carry you away beyond Babylon." In the Greek of the New Testament, it is a mostly word-for-word quotation of the 3rd century BC Septuagint translation of Amos 5:26–27: "Ye have borne the tabernacle of your Moloch and Chiun your images, the star of your god, which ye made to yourselves. (27) Therefore will I cause you to go into captivity beyond Damascus, saith the Lᴏʀᴅ, whose name is The God of Hosts."
The context for the admonition is that Amos had been sent to the northern Kingdom of Samaria, where Judaism had become syncretic with foreign idolatry, which he declares unacceptable. It is seen[by whom?] as a prophetic reference to Shalmaneser V's later capture of the Israelites and taking them into the cities of the Medes.
Remphan is a rendering of the Ancient Greek, ρεμφαν. Various manuscripts offer other transliterations of this pronunciation, including Ῥομφά, Ῥεμφάν, Ῥεμφάμ, and Ῥεφάν.[citation needed] It is likely in reference to "Kiyyun" ("Chiun") mentioned in Amos 5:26, which the Septuagint renders as "Raiphan" (Ῥαιφάν) or "Rephan".[citation needed] Kiyyun is generally assumed to be the god Saturn, the Assyrian name of which was "Kayvân" ("Kēwān").
In Moses and Aaron (1625), Thomas Godwyn claimed Kiyyun and the Star of Remphan should be held as separate entities, the first a reference to the deity Heracles, and the latter a reference to a painted mark on the forehead of Molech.
In the 18th century, Christian Gottlieb Wolff referenced the belief that the name actually came from Ancient Egypt, by way of the Ammonites, tying his worship into the period that Diodorus Siculus' history references the king "Remphis", possibly Ramses III, beginning a seven-generation decline of Egyptian civilization.