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Ruqia Hassan
Ruqia Hassan Mohammed (Arabic: رقية حسن محمد, ca. 1985 – ca. September 2015), also known by her pen name Nissan Ibrahim (Arabic: نيسان إبراهيم), was a Syrian independent journalist and blogger based in Raqqa, Syria. She was a member of the activist group known as Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently, and wrote frequently under the pen name Nissan Ibrahim (Arabic: نيسان إبراهيم). She is thought to be the first identified female citizen journalist executed by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
Ruqia Hassan was born Ruqia Hassan Mohammed in 1985 in Raqqa, Syria. She came from a family of affluent Syrian Kurds, whose village of origin located close to the city of Kobani. Her father was a devout Muslim and businessman who kept several lots and buildings within Raqqa. Hassan's father married two women, she had one sister and five half-brothers from her father’s second wife. Hassan's sister is a doctor.
She graduated with a degree in philosophy from the University of Aleppo in Aleppo, Syria. In 2011, Hassan became an active and early member of the opposition to the president of Syria, Bashar al-Assad, after the start of the Syrian Civil War. She remained in the city after the seizure of power by rebels in 2013, and still when the Islamic militant group the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) gained power later that same year.
Hassan was mostly known for her informal and personal form of journalism. She was an active member of Raqqa Is Being Silently Slaughtered (RBSS), an activist group that works to document the violation of human rights caused by ISIL's rise to prominence within the region. Through Facebook Hassan, using the pen name Nissan Ibrahim, wrote about day-to-day life under the occupation of ISIL along with statuses about her interests. She provided updates concerning the city's worsening conditions and frequent airstrikes from the combined coalition and Russian forces. Her posts regularly criticized and mocked policies enacted by the militant group, such as prohibiting the use of wireless hotspots. Her posts varied in tone from angry to darkly humorous.
The founder of RBSS, Abu Mohammed claims that he attempted to dissuade Hassan from continuing her posts; encouraging her to switch identities and remove personal photos of herself from her accounts. Others also claimed that they were worried that her posts would lead her to become a prominent target for the radical Jihadists; ultimately, she continued to post. On July 21, 2015, Hassan abruptly stopped posting to social media.
Before Ruqia Hassan's disappearance, she had been under surveillance by ISIL, as the group believed her posts to social media to be acts of espionage in collaboration with the Free Syrian Army. Hassan was abducted by ISIL sometime around late-July or August 2015, and it was not known what happened to her from the time of her disappearance to her execution by ISIL sometime in September or October 2015. However, her family only received official confirmation of her execution in January 2016, at which time it was released through media.
Between the time of her capture and execution, Jihadists gained access to her accounts and began messaging friends in an attempt to acquire information about other possible dissenters within and outside the region. Due to the activity on her social media accounts, Hassan was still believed to be alive. According to members of RBSS, the group continued to be active on her Facebook account and stating she was still alive until early January 2016, just as news of her execution began to widely circulate.
She wrote in her final post to social media "I'm in Raqqa and I received death threats. When ISIL arrest me and kill me it's ok, because while they will cut off my head, I will have dignity, which is better than living in humiliation."
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Ruqia Hassan
Ruqia Hassan Mohammed (Arabic: رقية حسن محمد, ca. 1985 – ca. September 2015), also known by her pen name Nissan Ibrahim (Arabic: نيسان إبراهيم), was a Syrian independent journalist and blogger based in Raqqa, Syria. She was a member of the activist group known as Raqqa Is Being Slaughtered Silently, and wrote frequently under the pen name Nissan Ibrahim (Arabic: نيسان إبراهيم). She is thought to be the first identified female citizen journalist executed by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant.
Ruqia Hassan was born Ruqia Hassan Mohammed in 1985 in Raqqa, Syria. She came from a family of affluent Syrian Kurds, whose village of origin located close to the city of Kobani. Her father was a devout Muslim and businessman who kept several lots and buildings within Raqqa. Hassan's father married two women, she had one sister and five half-brothers from her father’s second wife. Hassan's sister is a doctor.
She graduated with a degree in philosophy from the University of Aleppo in Aleppo, Syria. In 2011, Hassan became an active and early member of the opposition to the president of Syria, Bashar al-Assad, after the start of the Syrian Civil War. She remained in the city after the seizure of power by rebels in 2013, and still when the Islamic militant group the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) gained power later that same year.
Hassan was mostly known for her informal and personal form of journalism. She was an active member of Raqqa Is Being Silently Slaughtered (RBSS), an activist group that works to document the violation of human rights caused by ISIL's rise to prominence within the region. Through Facebook Hassan, using the pen name Nissan Ibrahim, wrote about day-to-day life under the occupation of ISIL along with statuses about her interests. She provided updates concerning the city's worsening conditions and frequent airstrikes from the combined coalition and Russian forces. Her posts regularly criticized and mocked policies enacted by the militant group, such as prohibiting the use of wireless hotspots. Her posts varied in tone from angry to darkly humorous.
The founder of RBSS, Abu Mohammed claims that he attempted to dissuade Hassan from continuing her posts; encouraging her to switch identities and remove personal photos of herself from her accounts. Others also claimed that they were worried that her posts would lead her to become a prominent target for the radical Jihadists; ultimately, she continued to post. On July 21, 2015, Hassan abruptly stopped posting to social media.
Before Ruqia Hassan's disappearance, she had been under surveillance by ISIL, as the group believed her posts to social media to be acts of espionage in collaboration with the Free Syrian Army. Hassan was abducted by ISIL sometime around late-July or August 2015, and it was not known what happened to her from the time of her disappearance to her execution by ISIL sometime in September or October 2015. However, her family only received official confirmation of her execution in January 2016, at which time it was released through media.
Between the time of her capture and execution, Jihadists gained access to her accounts and began messaging friends in an attempt to acquire information about other possible dissenters within and outside the region. Due to the activity on her social media accounts, Hassan was still believed to be alive. According to members of RBSS, the group continued to be active on her Facebook account and stating she was still alive until early January 2016, just as news of her execution began to widely circulate.
She wrote in her final post to social media "I'm in Raqqa and I received death threats. When ISIL arrest me and kill me it's ok, because while they will cut off my head, I will have dignity, which is better than living in humiliation."