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Sandy Stone (artist)
Allucquére Rosanne "Sandy" Stone (born c. 1936) is an American academic theorist, media theorist, author, and performance artist. She is an Associate Professor Emerita at the University of Texas at Austin where she was the Founding Director of the Advanced Communication Technologies Laboratory (ACTLab) and the New Media Initiative in the department of Radio-TV-Film. Stone has worked in and written about film, music, experimental neurology, writing, engineering, and computer programming. Stone is transgender and is considered a founder of the academic discipline of transgender studies.
Stone was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame on March 5, 2024 in a ceremony in New York City. In Stone's acceptance speech she spoke of "Trans vision: To learn to see, and then to be a light by which others can see."
Stone was born in Jersey City, New Jersey around 1936 with the Hebrew name of Zelig Ben-Nausaan Cohen. She is Jewish, descended from European immigrants.
Stone has stated that she disliked formal education and preferred auditing classes with university professors whose work she admired. She graduated early from high school and took classes at MIT and worked at Bell Telephone Laboratories, where she worked on touch-tone system projects. She later graduated from St. John's College in Annapolis, Maryland, receiving a B.A. in 1965.
In the late 1960s Stone moved to New York City and embarked on a career as a recording engineer, initially at the Record Plant, where she was first hired to repair equipment. Some of Stone's recording work is credited under pseudonyms Sandy Fisher or Doc Storch, including work with Mississippi John Hurt, The Byrds, Van Morrison, and Graham Nash. In 1969, Stone wrote about an April 7 recording session at Record Plant Studios with Jimi Hendrix for Zygote magazine. According to journalist David S. Bennahum, Stone "used to wear a long black cape and full beard."
In 1969, she moved to the West Coast, where she continued to work as a recording engineer for artists including the Grateful Dead.
She also began trying to get information about gender transition. She says that she understood herself to be a girl from a young age, but she did not see Christine Jorgensen as a model. Once in California, seeking resources, she was referred to the National Transsexual Counseling Unit of the San Francisco Police Department. There, a peer counselor named Jan Maxwell, took Stone around the Tenderloin to show her the trans women who "had gotten stuck, people with bad surgery, electrolysis-scarred faces. People who had dead-ended, gone crazy. Unbelievable poverty, despair," then took her back to her office and said "'You still want to do that?'" She did, but a car accident delayed her transition.
In the early 1970s, Stone published several science fiction pieces under the pen name Sandy Fisher in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction and Galaxy Science Fiction.
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Sandy Stone (artist)
Allucquére Rosanne "Sandy" Stone (born c. 1936) is an American academic theorist, media theorist, author, and performance artist. She is an Associate Professor Emerita at the University of Texas at Austin where she was the Founding Director of the Advanced Communication Technologies Laboratory (ACTLab) and the New Media Initiative in the department of Radio-TV-Film. Stone has worked in and written about film, music, experimental neurology, writing, engineering, and computer programming. Stone is transgender and is considered a founder of the academic discipline of transgender studies.
Stone was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame on March 5, 2024 in a ceremony in New York City. In Stone's acceptance speech she spoke of "Trans vision: To learn to see, and then to be a light by which others can see."
Stone was born in Jersey City, New Jersey around 1936 with the Hebrew name of Zelig Ben-Nausaan Cohen. She is Jewish, descended from European immigrants.
Stone has stated that she disliked formal education and preferred auditing classes with university professors whose work she admired. She graduated early from high school and took classes at MIT and worked at Bell Telephone Laboratories, where she worked on touch-tone system projects. She later graduated from St. John's College in Annapolis, Maryland, receiving a B.A. in 1965.
In the late 1960s Stone moved to New York City and embarked on a career as a recording engineer, initially at the Record Plant, where she was first hired to repair equipment. Some of Stone's recording work is credited under pseudonyms Sandy Fisher or Doc Storch, including work with Mississippi John Hurt, The Byrds, Van Morrison, and Graham Nash. In 1969, Stone wrote about an April 7 recording session at Record Plant Studios with Jimi Hendrix for Zygote magazine. According to journalist David S. Bennahum, Stone "used to wear a long black cape and full beard."
In 1969, she moved to the West Coast, where she continued to work as a recording engineer for artists including the Grateful Dead.
She also began trying to get information about gender transition. She says that she understood herself to be a girl from a young age, but she did not see Christine Jorgensen as a model. Once in California, seeking resources, she was referred to the National Transsexual Counseling Unit of the San Francisco Police Department. There, a peer counselor named Jan Maxwell, took Stone around the Tenderloin to show her the trans women who "had gotten stuck, people with bad surgery, electrolysis-scarred faces. People who had dead-ended, gone crazy. Unbelievable poverty, despair," then took her back to her office and said "'You still want to do that?'" She did, but a car accident delayed her transition.
In the early 1970s, Stone published several science fiction pieces under the pen name Sandy Fisher in The Magazine of Fantasy & Science Fiction and Galaxy Science Fiction.