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Taiwan independence movement
The Taiwan independence movement is a political movement which advocates the formal declaration of Taiwan as an independent and sovereign state, as opposed to Chinese unification according to the One China policy or the status quo of co-existence in Cross-Strait relations.
Into the 21st-century, Taiwan's political status is ambiguous. China, under the control of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), claims the island of Taiwan as a province of the People's Republic of China (PRC). However, the de facto administration of Taiwan maintains that it is already an independent country, the Republic of China (ROC). Since 2016, the current government, led by the independence-leaning Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), has asserted that there is no need for a formal push for independence through legal means. As such, the ROC consisting of Taiwan and other islands under its control exercise full autonomy in its internal governance. As of January 2024, it maintains formal diplomatic relations with 11 of the 193 United Nations member states of the United Nations and the Holy See, while the majority of countries do not officially recognize it but maintain informal relations.
The use of "independence" for Taiwan can be ambiguous. If some supporters articulate that they agree to the independence of Taiwan, they may either be referring to the notion of formally creating an independent Taiwanese state (Republic of Taiwan) or to the notion that Taiwan has become synonymous with the current Republic of China and is already independent (as reflected in the concept of One Country on Each Side). Some supporters advocate the exclusion of Kinmen and Matsu, which are controlled by Taiwan but are located off the coast of mainland China.
The Taiwan independence movement is supported by the DPP and the broader Pan-Green Coalition given the threat posed to its sovereignty, regionalist identity, liberal democratic system and human rights. Radical activists advocate the ideal goal of de-sinicization and Taiwanization of the island and society, although that sentiment is not shared by the Pan-Green establishment, which favors a more pragmatic status quo under the ROC. The movement is opposed by the Kuomintang (KMT) and the broader Pan-Blue Coalition, which seeks to retain the somewhat ambiguous status quo of the ROC under the so-called "1992 Consensus" or gradually "reunify" with mainland China at some point under a pan-Chinese identity.
The government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) opposes Taiwanese independence. The PRC believes that Taiwan and mainland China comprise two portions of a single country's territory and regards any moves toward independence as separatism. According to its own interpretation of the Cairo Declaration, the Potsdam Declaration and the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758, Taiwan is part of the PRC and that any moves towards independence violate the constitution of the PRC and international law. The government of the PRC has officially maintained its position of peaceful unification of Taiwan but does not rule out using military force, if necessary, to "reunify" the island should formal independence be declared.
As for the ROC, such a move could also be considered a violation of its current constitution. The process for a constitutional amendment in ROC or national territory alternation must be initiated by one-fourth (25%) of the members of the Legislative Yuan (the unicameral parliament of ROC), then voted in the Legislative Yuan with at least three-fourths (75%) members attended and by a three-fourths (75%) supermajority, then approved by majority popular vote in a referendum.
Historically, both governments have formulated a "One China" policy, whereby foreign countries may only conduct official diplomatic relations with either the PRC or the ROC, on the condition that they sever official diplomatic relations with and formal recognition of the other. The ROC's One-China policy was softened following democratization in the 1990s, and economic cooperation and people-to-people exchange were officially permitted.
Taiwan is an island in East Asia. The indigenous population, who came from nearby China, spoke Austronesian languages. These aboriginal people have lived on the island for over 6000 years and, before 1620, were its only inhabitants. Taiwan has been occupied by several nations, including Spain, the Netherlands, Ming and Qing Dynasty China, and Japan.
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Taiwan independence movement
The Taiwan independence movement is a political movement which advocates the formal declaration of Taiwan as an independent and sovereign state, as opposed to Chinese unification according to the One China policy or the status quo of co-existence in Cross-Strait relations.
Into the 21st-century, Taiwan's political status is ambiguous. China, under the control of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), claims the island of Taiwan as a province of the People's Republic of China (PRC). However, the de facto administration of Taiwan maintains that it is already an independent country, the Republic of China (ROC). Since 2016, the current government, led by the independence-leaning Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), has asserted that there is no need for a formal push for independence through legal means. As such, the ROC consisting of Taiwan and other islands under its control exercise full autonomy in its internal governance. As of January 2024, it maintains formal diplomatic relations with 11 of the 193 United Nations member states of the United Nations and the Holy See, while the majority of countries do not officially recognize it but maintain informal relations.
The use of "independence" for Taiwan can be ambiguous. If some supporters articulate that they agree to the independence of Taiwan, they may either be referring to the notion of formally creating an independent Taiwanese state (Republic of Taiwan) or to the notion that Taiwan has become synonymous with the current Republic of China and is already independent (as reflected in the concept of One Country on Each Side). Some supporters advocate the exclusion of Kinmen and Matsu, which are controlled by Taiwan but are located off the coast of mainland China.
The Taiwan independence movement is supported by the DPP and the broader Pan-Green Coalition given the threat posed to its sovereignty, regionalist identity, liberal democratic system and human rights. Radical activists advocate the ideal goal of de-sinicization and Taiwanization of the island and society, although that sentiment is not shared by the Pan-Green establishment, which favors a more pragmatic status quo under the ROC. The movement is opposed by the Kuomintang (KMT) and the broader Pan-Blue Coalition, which seeks to retain the somewhat ambiguous status quo of the ROC under the so-called "1992 Consensus" or gradually "reunify" with mainland China at some point under a pan-Chinese identity.
The government of the People's Republic of China (PRC) opposes Taiwanese independence. The PRC believes that Taiwan and mainland China comprise two portions of a single country's territory and regards any moves toward independence as separatism. According to its own interpretation of the Cairo Declaration, the Potsdam Declaration and the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 2758, Taiwan is part of the PRC and that any moves towards independence violate the constitution of the PRC and international law. The government of the PRC has officially maintained its position of peaceful unification of Taiwan but does not rule out using military force, if necessary, to "reunify" the island should formal independence be declared.
As for the ROC, such a move could also be considered a violation of its current constitution. The process for a constitutional amendment in ROC or national territory alternation must be initiated by one-fourth (25%) of the members of the Legislative Yuan (the unicameral parliament of ROC), then voted in the Legislative Yuan with at least three-fourths (75%) members attended and by a three-fourths (75%) supermajority, then approved by majority popular vote in a referendum.
Historically, both governments have formulated a "One China" policy, whereby foreign countries may only conduct official diplomatic relations with either the PRC or the ROC, on the condition that they sever official diplomatic relations with and formal recognition of the other. The ROC's One-China policy was softened following democratization in the 1990s, and economic cooperation and people-to-people exchange were officially permitted.
Taiwan is an island in East Asia. The indigenous population, who came from nearby China, spoke Austronesian languages. These aboriginal people have lived on the island for over 6000 years and, before 1620, were its only inhabitants. Taiwan has been occupied by several nations, including Spain, the Netherlands, Ming and Qing Dynasty China, and Japan.
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