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Ushakov Island
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Ushakov Island
Ushakov Island (Russian: Остров Ушакова, Ostrov Ushakova) is an isolated, uninhabited island located in the Arctic Ocean, within the northern Kara Sea. It lies approximately midway between the archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Severnaya Zemlya. The island is notable for being almost entirely covered by a glacial ice cap and was the last major landmass to be discovered within the territory of the former Soviet Union.
Ushakov Island is situated at the northern limit of the Kara Sea, close to the region of permanent sea ice. Its total area is approximately 324 square kilometres (125 square miles). The island measures about 25.5 kilometres (16 miles) in length and 17.5 kilometres (11 miles) in width. The closest landmass is Vize Island, located approximately 140 kilometres (87 miles) to the south. Owing to its extreme northerly location, the surrounding sea is covered with pack ice in winter and remains full of ice floes even during the brief summer. The island is subject to severe Arctic storms.
Administratively, Ushakov Island belongs to the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia.
Ushakov Island is almost entirely covered by an ice cap, with the underlying rocky ground flat and partially situated below sea level. The ice cap has a dome-like shape, and its highest point reaches an elevation of 294 metres (965 feet). In the center of the dome, the ice thickness reaches up to 250 metres (820 feet), gradually thinning towards the periphery. The edges of the ice cap terminate in steep icy cliffs along the shoreline, typically ranging from 20 metres (66 feet) to 30 metres (98 feet) in height. No bedrock is exposed anywhere on the island.
Between 1950 and 2000, the surface area of the ice cap decreased by approximately 2 square kilometres (1 square mile), but its total ice volume increased from 35 cubic kilometres (8 cubic miles) to 38 cubic kilometres (9 cubic miles) due to thickening in the higher elevations. The average ice thickness increased from 107 metres (351 feet) to 118 metres (387 feet) during this period.
The average yearly precipitation ranges from 200 millimetres (8 inches) at an elevation of 50 metres (164 feet) to between 350 millimetres (14 inches) and 400 millimetres (16 inches) around the highest point of the ice cap.
Ushakov Island has an ice cap climate (Köppen EF), bordering on a tundra climate (ET), owing to its location at 81°N and approximately 20 miles from the limit of permanent sea ice. Summers are very cold and dry, while winters are extremely frigid and virtually without precipitation. The island experiences no more than 20–30 days with positive air temperatures annually, and is characterized by high relative humidity, frequent fogs, and overcast weather.
Ushakov Island was the last major piece of undiscovered territory in the Soviet Arctic. The island was finally discovered on September 1, 1935, during the First Soviet High-latitude Expedition led by polar explorer and cartographer Georgiy Alekseevich Ushakov aboard the icebreaker Sadko. The expedition was tasked with exploring the last uncharted areas of the northern Kara Sea, and Ushakov Island was subsequently named in his honor.
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Ushakov Island
Ushakov Island (Russian: Остров Ушакова, Ostrov Ushakova) is an isolated, uninhabited island located in the Arctic Ocean, within the northern Kara Sea. It lies approximately midway between the archipelagos of Franz Josef Land and Severnaya Zemlya. The island is notable for being almost entirely covered by a glacial ice cap and was the last major landmass to be discovered within the territory of the former Soviet Union.
Ushakov Island is situated at the northern limit of the Kara Sea, close to the region of permanent sea ice. Its total area is approximately 324 square kilometres (125 square miles). The island measures about 25.5 kilometres (16 miles) in length and 17.5 kilometres (11 miles) in width. The closest landmass is Vize Island, located approximately 140 kilometres (87 miles) to the south. Owing to its extreme northerly location, the surrounding sea is covered with pack ice in winter and remains full of ice floes even during the brief summer. The island is subject to severe Arctic storms.
Administratively, Ushakov Island belongs to the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia.
Ushakov Island is almost entirely covered by an ice cap, with the underlying rocky ground flat and partially situated below sea level. The ice cap has a dome-like shape, and its highest point reaches an elevation of 294 metres (965 feet). In the center of the dome, the ice thickness reaches up to 250 metres (820 feet), gradually thinning towards the periphery. The edges of the ice cap terminate in steep icy cliffs along the shoreline, typically ranging from 20 metres (66 feet) to 30 metres (98 feet) in height. No bedrock is exposed anywhere on the island.
Between 1950 and 2000, the surface area of the ice cap decreased by approximately 2 square kilometres (1 square mile), but its total ice volume increased from 35 cubic kilometres (8 cubic miles) to 38 cubic kilometres (9 cubic miles) due to thickening in the higher elevations. The average ice thickness increased from 107 metres (351 feet) to 118 metres (387 feet) during this period.
The average yearly precipitation ranges from 200 millimetres (8 inches) at an elevation of 50 metres (164 feet) to between 350 millimetres (14 inches) and 400 millimetres (16 inches) around the highest point of the ice cap.
Ushakov Island has an ice cap climate (Köppen EF), bordering on a tundra climate (ET), owing to its location at 81°N and approximately 20 miles from the limit of permanent sea ice. Summers are very cold and dry, while winters are extremely frigid and virtually without precipitation. The island experiences no more than 20–30 days with positive air temperatures annually, and is characterized by high relative humidity, frequent fogs, and overcast weather.
Ushakov Island was the last major piece of undiscovered territory in the Soviet Arctic. The island was finally discovered on September 1, 1935, during the First Soviet High-latitude Expedition led by polar explorer and cartographer Georgiy Alekseevich Ushakov aboard the icebreaker Sadko. The expedition was tasked with exploring the last uncharted areas of the northern Kara Sea, and Ushakov Island was subsequently named in his honor.
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