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Vipava Valley
The Vipava Valley (pronounced [ʋiˈpaːʋa]; Slovene: Vipavska dolina, German: Wippachtal, Italian: Valle del Vipacco) is a valley in the Slovenian Littoral, roughly between the village of Podnanos to the east and the border with Italy to the west. The main towns are Ajdovščina and Vipava.
The narrow valley of the Vipava River serves as the main passage between the Friulian lowland and central Slovenia, and is thus also an important corridor connecting Northern Italy to Central Europe. It is closed to the north by the high Trnovo Forest Plateau (Slovene: Trnovski gozd), and to the south by the Karst Plateau and the narrow Branica Valley, a geographical sub-unit of the Vipava Valley. It is named after the Vipava River. Its main urban center is Ajdovščina. Administratively, it is subdivided into the municipalities of Ajdovščina, Vipava, Nova Gorica, Renče-Vogrsko, and Miren-Kostanjevica. The municipality of Savogna d'Isonzo in the Province of Gorizia (Italy) is also located in the valley.
The Vipava Valley comprises five microregions:
The region has a relatively mild, sub-Mediterranean climate. It is constantly influenced by the warm and humid southwestern wind and by the cold and gusty northeastern bora (burja) wind, especially in the cold half of the year. Its gusts can reach speeds over 200 kilometers per hour (120 mph), hinder traffic, and damage trees and buildings. In some areas, trees grow aslant with asymmetric crowns.
Due to its mild climate, the region is suitable for the cultivation of different kinds of fruits (especially peaches, apricots, persimmons, and figs). The Vipava Valley is also renowned for its quality wines, especially white ones. Among white grapes, the most common varieties in the region are Chardonnay, Sauvignon, and the indigenous varieties Zelen, Pinela, and Vitovska Garganja, while red varieties include Merlot, Barbera, and Cabernet Sauvignon.
About 8000 BC the Vipava Valley was colonized by Illyrians, Iberians, and Ligures as well as later immigrated Celts and Etruscans (which thereafter became the Rhaetian people).
In Roman Times the valley of the fluvius frigidus (literally, 'cold river', today the Vipava) became part of the Roman X Regio Augustea – ‘Venetia et Histria'. The inhabitants had Latin Rights until Lucius Julius Caesar's expansion of the Roman mainland to the Alps they received Roman citizenship by the Lex Julia in 90 BC. In 14 AD the Via Gemina was built by the legio XIII Gemina, which followed the Vipava Valley between the mouth of the river Vipava into the Soča at Pons Sonti (Gradisca d'Isonzo) and the later town Vipava. At the confluence with the Hubelj River, the Castra ad Fluvium Frigidum was built as integral part of the Claustra Alpium Iuliarum, an ancient Roman defensive system of walls and towers stretching from the Gail Valley (now Carinthia, Austria) to the Učka mountain range (now Croatia). The Battle of Frigidus between the army of Eastern Emperor Theodosius I and the army of the Western Roman ruler Eugenius took place in this region in 394.
In Medieval Times, the upper eastern part of the valley, including the town of Vipava and half of the town of Ajdovščina, used to belong to the Duchy of Carniola (specifically, to Inner Carniola), while the lower western part was incorporated in the County of Gorizia and Gradisca and thus to the Austrian Littoral. Today, the inhabitants mostly feel part of the Goriška region of the Slovenian Littoral, and the Carniolan identity has almost completely disappeared.
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Vipava Valley
The Vipava Valley (pronounced [ʋiˈpaːʋa]; Slovene: Vipavska dolina, German: Wippachtal, Italian: Valle del Vipacco) is a valley in the Slovenian Littoral, roughly between the village of Podnanos to the east and the border with Italy to the west. The main towns are Ajdovščina and Vipava.
The narrow valley of the Vipava River serves as the main passage between the Friulian lowland and central Slovenia, and is thus also an important corridor connecting Northern Italy to Central Europe. It is closed to the north by the high Trnovo Forest Plateau (Slovene: Trnovski gozd), and to the south by the Karst Plateau and the narrow Branica Valley, a geographical sub-unit of the Vipava Valley. It is named after the Vipava River. Its main urban center is Ajdovščina. Administratively, it is subdivided into the municipalities of Ajdovščina, Vipava, Nova Gorica, Renče-Vogrsko, and Miren-Kostanjevica. The municipality of Savogna d'Isonzo in the Province of Gorizia (Italy) is also located in the valley.
The Vipava Valley comprises five microregions:
The region has a relatively mild, sub-Mediterranean climate. It is constantly influenced by the warm and humid southwestern wind and by the cold and gusty northeastern bora (burja) wind, especially in the cold half of the year. Its gusts can reach speeds over 200 kilometers per hour (120 mph), hinder traffic, and damage trees and buildings. In some areas, trees grow aslant with asymmetric crowns.
Due to its mild climate, the region is suitable for the cultivation of different kinds of fruits (especially peaches, apricots, persimmons, and figs). The Vipava Valley is also renowned for its quality wines, especially white ones. Among white grapes, the most common varieties in the region are Chardonnay, Sauvignon, and the indigenous varieties Zelen, Pinela, and Vitovska Garganja, while red varieties include Merlot, Barbera, and Cabernet Sauvignon.
About 8000 BC the Vipava Valley was colonized by Illyrians, Iberians, and Ligures as well as later immigrated Celts and Etruscans (which thereafter became the Rhaetian people).
In Roman Times the valley of the fluvius frigidus (literally, 'cold river', today the Vipava) became part of the Roman X Regio Augustea – ‘Venetia et Histria'. The inhabitants had Latin Rights until Lucius Julius Caesar's expansion of the Roman mainland to the Alps they received Roman citizenship by the Lex Julia in 90 BC. In 14 AD the Via Gemina was built by the legio XIII Gemina, which followed the Vipava Valley between the mouth of the river Vipava into the Soča at Pons Sonti (Gradisca d'Isonzo) and the later town Vipava. At the confluence with the Hubelj River, the Castra ad Fluvium Frigidum was built as integral part of the Claustra Alpium Iuliarum, an ancient Roman defensive system of walls and towers stretching from the Gail Valley (now Carinthia, Austria) to the Učka mountain range (now Croatia). The Battle of Frigidus between the army of Eastern Emperor Theodosius I and the army of the Western Roman ruler Eugenius took place in this region in 394.
In Medieval Times, the upper eastern part of the valley, including the town of Vipava and half of the town of Ajdovščina, used to belong to the Duchy of Carniola (specifically, to Inner Carniola), while the lower western part was incorporated in the County of Gorizia and Gradisca and thus to the Austrian Littoral. Today, the inhabitants mostly feel part of the Goriška region of the Slovenian Littoral, and the Carniolan identity has almost completely disappeared.