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2002 in Brazil
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| 2002 in Brazil |
|---|
| Flag |
 27 stars (1992–present) |
| Timeline of Brazilian history |
| History of Brazil (1985–present) |
| Year of Constitution: 1988 |
Events from the year 2002 in Brazil
Incumbents
[edit]Federal government
[edit]Governors
[edit]- Acre: Jorge Viana
- Alagoas: Ronaldo Lessa
- Amapa:
- João Capiberibe (until 1 April)
- Dalva de Souza Figueiredo (1 April-31 December)
- Amazonas: Amazonino Mendes
- Bahia:
- César Borges (until 5 April)
- Otto Alencar (from 5 April)
- Ceará:
- Tasso Jereissati (until 5 April)
- Beni Veras (from 5 April)
- Espírito Santo: José Ignácio Ferreira
- Goiás: Marconi Perillo
- Maranhão:
- Roseana Sarney (until 5 April)
- José Reinaldo Tavares (from 5 April)
- Mato Grosso:
- Dante de Oliveira (until 6 April)
- Rogério Salles (from 6 April)
- Mato Grosso do Sul: José Orcírio Miranda dos Santos
- Minas Gerais: Itamar Franco
- Pará: Almir Gabriel
- Paraíba:
- José Maranhão (until 6 April)
- Roberto Paulino (6 April-31 December)
- Paraná: Jaime Lerner
- Pernambuco: Jarbas Vasconcelos
- Piauí: Hugo Napoleão
- Rio de Janeiro:
- Anthony Garotinho (until 6 April)
- Benedita da Silva (from 6 April)
- Rio Grande do Norte:
- Garibaldi Alves Filho (until 6 April)
- Fernando Antonio Chamber Freire (from 6 April)
- Rio Grande do Sul: Olívio Dutra
- Rondônia: José de Abreu Bianco
- Roraima: Neudo Ribeiro Campos (until 6 April)
- Francisco Flamarion Portela (from 6 April)
- Santa Catarina:
- Esperidião Amin (until 1 January)
- Luiz Henrique da Silveira (from 1 January)
- São Paulo: Geraldo Alckmin
- Sergipe: Albano Franco
- Tocantins: José Wilson Siqueira Campos
Vice governors
[edit]- Acre: Edison Simão Cadaxo
- Alagoas: Geraldo Costa Sampaio
- Amapá:
- Maria Dalva de Souza Figueiredo (until 5 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 5 April)
- Amazonas: Samuel Assayag Hanan
- Bahia:
- Otto Alencar (until 6 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 6 April)
- Ceará:
- Benedito Clayton Veras Alcântara (until 6 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 6 April)
- Espírito Santo: Celso José Vasconcelos
- Goiás: Alcides Rodrigues Filho
- Maranhão:
- José Reinaldo Carneiro Tavares (until 5 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 5 April)
- Mato Grosso:
- José Rogério Sales (until 5 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 5 April)
- Mato Grosso do Sul: Moacir Kohl
- Minas Gerais: Newton Cardoso
- Pará: Hildegardo de Figueiredo Nunes
- Paraíba:
- Antônio Roberto de Sousa Paulino (until 5 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 5 April)
- Paraná: Emília de Sales Belinati
- Pernambuco: José Mendonça Bezerra Filho
- Piauí: Felipe Mendes de Oliveira
- Rio de Janeiro:
- Benedita da Silva (until 6 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 5 April)
- Rio Grande do Norte:
- Fernando Freire (until 5 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 5 April)
- Rio Grande do Sul: Miguel Soldatelli Rossetto
- Rondônia: Miguel de Souza
- Roraima:
- Francisco Flamarion Portela (until 5 April)
- Vacant thereafter (from 5 April)
- Santa Catarina: Paulo Roberto Bauer
- São Paulo: Vacant
- Sergipe: Benedito de Figueiredo
- Tocantins: João Lisboa da Cruz
Events
[edit]January
[edit]- January 20: The mayor of Santo André, Celso Daniel, is found dead from at least 7 gunshots after being kidnapped in São Paulo.[2]
February
[edit]- February 15: In a televised address, President Fernando Henrique Cardoso announces the end of electricity rationing.[3]
May
[edit]- May 16: Colonel Mário Colares Pantoja is sentenced to 228 years in prison for the deaths of 19 landless people in the Eldorado do Carajás massacre.[4]
June
[edit]- June 2: Tim Lopes, an investigative journalist from Rede Globo, is tortured and later murdered by drug traffickers. This happened, as Lopes was working undercover on a story in one of Rio's favelas.[5][6][7]
- June 5: Singer Belo surrenders to the police days after having his preventive detention decreed for association with drug trafficking. [8]
- June 30: Brazil defeats Germany 2-0, to win the 2002 FIFA World Cup. This is the fifth time Brazil wins the FIFA World Cup.[9]
July
[edit]- July 13: : An accident on Presidente Dutra Highway, near Seropédica, kills singer Claudinho from the duo Claudinho & Buchecha. [10]
- July 24: Francisco de Assis Pereira, also known as "The Maniac of the Park", is sentenced to over 121 years in prison for the death of five women in São Paulo.[11]
- July 25: The Amazon Surveillance System is established in Manaus by President Fernando Henrique Cardoso.
- July 28: The program Planeta Xuxa ends after presenter Xuxa Meneghel and director Marelen Mattos end their partnership. Xuxa wanted to work again with children on the program, whereas Mattos preferred the teenage segments.[12][13]
August
[edit]- August 2: The platform of presidential candidate Anthony Garotinho (PSB) collapses during a rally in Rio de Janeiro, injuring 18 people.[14]
September
[edit]- September 25: A five-story building collapses in downtown Rio de Janeiro. Two people died and three others were injured.[15]
October
[edit]- October 6: In the first round of the Brazilian general election, 2002, Workers' Party leader Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva fails to obtain a majority of the valid votes cast. [16]
- October 27: In the second round of the presidential election, Lula da Silva wins 52.7 million votes (61.3% of the total).[17]
- October 31: Engineer Manfred von Richthofen and psychiatrist Marísia von Richthofen are murdered in their sleep by brothers Daniel and Cristian Cravinhos at the behest of the couple's daughter, Suzane von Richthofen. The case became one of the most publicized and shocking crimes in Brazilian history.[18]
December
[edit]- December 9: Heavy rainfall kills 34 people and leave over 1,500 homeless in Angra dos Reis.[19]
Culture
[edit]Films
[edit]Music
[edit]- Romero Lubambo - Brazilian Routes
Births
[edit]
January
[edit]- January 19: Reinier Jesus, footballer
March
[edit]- March 10: Júlia Gomes, actress and singer
April
[edit]- April 8: Isabella Nardoni, murder victim (died 2008)
May
[edit]- May 3: MC Pedrinho, singer
- May 22: Maisa Silva, singer, TV hostess and actress
July
[edit]- July 13: Deborah Medrado, rhythmic gymnast[20]
- July 24: Nicole Pircio, rhythmic gymnast[20]
December
[edit]- December 17: Guilherme Seta, actor
Deaths
[edit]January
[edit]- January 18: Celso Daniel, Brazilian politician (born 1951)[21]
- January 19: Vavá, footballer (born 1934)
March
[edit]- March 30: Yara Bernette, classical pianist (born 1920)
May
[edit]June
[edit]- June 2: Tim Lopes, journalist (born 1950)[22]
- June 30: Chico Xavier, philanthropist and spiritist medium (born 1910)
November
[edit]- November 21: Amílcar de Castro, sculptor (born 1920)
- November 27: Helber Rangel, film actor (born 1944)
December
[edit]- December 16: Licínio Rangel, Roman Catholic bishop (born 1936)
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Fernando Henrique Cardoso | Biography & Facts". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 23 June 2020.
- ^ "Morte de prefeito sequestrado piora crise na segurança de SP" (primeira página do 1° caderno), Folha de S.Paulo (21 de janeiro de 2002).
- ^ "FH anuncia fim do racionamento na próxima terça-feira", ClicRBS.
- ^ "Carajás: Oficial é condenado a 228 anos por massacre", Folha de S.Paulo (17 de maio de 2002).
- ^ "Homenagens marcam 10 anos do assassinato do jornalista Tim Lopes". Jornal Nacional. 2012-06-02.
- ^ From documentary "Journalists Killed in the Line of Duty" (2005); sponsored by The Committee to Protect Journalists; Produced by Feature Docs; Narrated by Anderson Cooper
- ^ "Segment on Tim Lopes from "Journalists Killed in the Line of Duty"". YouTube. Archived from the original on 2021-12-12.
- ^ "Cantor Belo se entrega a polícia no Rio", Folha de Londrina (5 de junho de 2002).
- ^ "Pentacampeão!" (primeira página do 1° caderno), Folha de S.Paulo (1 de julho de 2002).
- ^ "Cantor Claudinho morre em acidente no Rio", Terra (13 de julho de 2002).
- ^ "'Maníaco do parque' é condenado a mais 121 anos de prisão em SP" (página 4 do caderno Cotidiano), Folha de S.Paulo (25 de julho de 2002).
- ^ "Crise de Xuxa põe a Globo em perigo". Estadão. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
- ^ "Outro Canal: Despedida de "Planeta Xuxa" vira divã". Folha de S.Paulo. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
- ^ "Palanque de Garotinho e Rosinha desaba em showmício no Rio: 18 feridos", Revista Época (2 de agosto de 2002).
- ^ "Prédio desaba no centro do Rio", Revista Época (25 de setembro de 2002).
- ^ "Serra visita o único estado no qual venceu Lula em 2002". Blog do Ricardo Mota (in Brazilian Portuguese). 2010-04-16. Retrieved 2020-12-04.
- ^ Banco de Dados Eleitorais do Brasil Archived 2008-02-29 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Suzane Richthofen, Sentenced for Murdering Her Parents, to Marry Female Prisoner". UOL. 2014-10-29. Retrieved 2023-07-23.
- ^ "Pelo menos 34 morrem em Angra dos Reis", Folha de S.Paulo (10 de dezembro de 2002).
- ^ a b "Rhythmic Gymnastics | Team Profile: Brazil - Pan American Games Lima 2019". wrsd.lima2019.pe. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
- ^ Monitor, Brazil. "Celso Daniel murder: The true "blood pact" | brazilmonitor.com". Retrieved 2019-12-09.
- ^ "Brutal death sours cup joy", The Guardian, 7 July 2002. Accessed 21 June 2015
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2002 in Brazil
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Events
January
On January 1, a violent prison riot erupted at the Urso Branco facility in Rondônia, resulting in at least 27 inmate deaths amid clashes between rival gangs and overcrowding issues.[4] Heavy rains that began in late December continued into early January, causing severe flooding and mudslides in central Brazil, displacing hundreds and contributing to fatalities in affected regions.[5] The body of Celso Daniel, mayor of Santo André in São Paulo state, was discovered on January 20, bearing multiple gunshot wounds following his abduction days earlier, prompting widespread investigations into local political violence.[6] Rede Globo premiered the first season of Big Brother Brasil on January 29, introducing the reality television format to Brazilian audiences and setting a precedent for interactive voting and confined contestant dynamics.[7]February
On February 15, President Fernando Henrique Cardoso delivered the opening address to the National Congress for the 2002 legislative session, outlining key economic policies and reflecting on the progress of structural reforms, including the privatization initiatives that had been central to his administration's agenda.[8] This message highlighted the nearing completion of major divestitures, signaling a policy shift toward consolidation rather than expansion of the program amid ongoing fiscal challenges.[9] Earlier in the month, on February 2, the offices of the Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT), Brazil's largest labor federation, were burglarized in São Paulo, prompting international condemnation and calls for investigation into potential political motivations amid tensions over workers' rights and economic policies.[10]March
The United States Trade Representative Robert B. Zoellick visited Brazil from March 11 to 14, meeting with senior government officials, legislators, and private sector leaders to discuss bilateral trade issues amid preparations for upcoming international negotiations. Earlier in the month, from March 4 to 8, Brazilian and U.S. aviation authorities convened a bilateral technical meeting in Rio de Janeiro focused on satellite navigation advancements, highlighting ongoing cooperation in aerospace technology.[11] These engagements underscored Brazil's active role in international technical and economic dialogues during the early stages of the presidential election cycle.April
In April, Brazil continued to grapple with a severe dengue outbreak, particularly in Rio de Janeiro, where health authorities reported 95,463 cases, including 571 instances of dengue hemorrhagic fever and 31 deaths by April 25.[12] This epidemic highlighted vulnerabilities in urban public health infrastructure amid seasonal mosquito proliferation. On April 3, over 100 Deaf activists staged a sit-in at the Federal Senate in Brasília to advocate for improved sign language recognition and rights during deliberations on related legislation.[13]May
In May 2002, Brazil's national football team intensified preparations for the FIFA World Cup with a friendly match against Malaysia on May 25, resulting in a 4-0 victory that highlighted the squad's form ahead of the tournament's start.[14] This fixture, played in Kuala Lumpur, underscored domestic anticipation for the team's Group C assignments against Turkey, China, and Costa Rica beginning in early June.[15] On May 26, Brazilian racing driver Hélio Castroneves won the Indianapolis 500 for the second consecutive year, marking him as the fifth driver in history to achieve back-to-back victories in the event.[16] The national football roster, led by coach Luiz Felipe Scolari, included prominent talents like Ronaldo, Rivaldo, and Ronaldinho, fueling nationwide preparations and media focus on the upcoming global competition.June
In the quarterfinals on June 21, Brazil defeated England 2–1 in Shizuoka, with Ronaldinho's free kick and Rivaldo's goal overcoming David Beckham's penalty, advancing the team amid intense pressure.[17] Three days later, in the semifinals on June 26 at Saitama, Brazil edged Turkey 2–1 in a rematch from the group stage, securing their place in the final through resilient defending and clinical finishing. Ronaldo's contributions in the knockout rounds built on his recovery from a prior injury, underscoring his pivotal role. The tournament culminated on June 30 at the International Stadium Yokohama, where Brazil triumphed 2–0 over Germany in the final, with Ronaldo scoring both goals to claim the nation's record fifth World Cup title.[18] Nationwide celebrations erupted immediately, filling streets with honking car horns, toy trumpets, and jubilant crowds across cities, marking one of the most euphoric moments in Brazilian history.[19] Media outlets extensively covered the victory, portraying it as a symbol of national unity and resurgence, while the win correlated with accelerated GDP growth to 3.1% that year from 1.4% prior.[20][21]July
Upon returning from the 2002 FIFA World Cup victory, the Brazilian national football team received a heroes' welcome, with parades organized in Brasília, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo starting on July 2.[22][23] The celebrations in Brasília proceeded smoothly, but events in Rio de Janeiro were cut short due to fan unrest, including clashes that injured several people and led to arrests.[23] A national holiday was declared to honor the triumph, reflecting widespread euphoria that briefly overshadowed economic anxieties.[24] Amid these festivities, reports emerged on July 5 that the government was seeking additional IMF funds to stabilize finances, amid concerns over currency volatility that intensified later in the month.[25] On July 29, Brazil joined a WTO dispute panel addressing U.S. steel tariffs, highlighting ongoing trade frictions.[26] No major regional elections occurred, though preparations for the October general vote influenced policy discussions.August
The International Monetary Fund approved a $30 billion loan package for Brazil on August 7, providing support amid currency volatility and economic pressures during President Fernando Henrique Cardoso's administration.[27] The Brazilian real depreciated significantly in early August, losing 13% of its value by August 2, heightening concerns over financial stability.[28] On August 31, Vila Velha hosted the ITU Triathlon Pan-American Cup, drawing international competitors for the multisport event.[29]September
In September 2002, Brazil's presidential campaign intensified as opinion polls consistently showed Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of the Workers' Party maintaining a strong lead ahead of the October 6 vote, heightening political tensions and economic uncertainty.[30] Investors reacted sharply to these surveys, with the Brazilian real depreciating by over 4.5 percent and stock markets plunging amid fears of policy shifts under a potential Lula presidency.[31] Candidate events ramped up in the final weeks, including Lula's last major rally in Rio de Janeiro on September 27, drawing large crowds focused on issues like unemployment, which polls indicated voters trusted him most to address.[32] These gatherings underscored the campaign's emphasis on economic grievances, while debates among contenders highlighted contrasts in fiscal and social policies, amplifying pre-election anticipation across the country.[30] No major congressional crises disrupted proceedings, though legislative focus remained on routine matters amid the electoral buildup.October
On 6 October, Brazil conducted the first round of its general elections, encompassing the presidential contest alongside races for all 513 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, one-third of the 81 seats in the Federal Senate, and governorships in all 26 states and the Federal District.[33] Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva of the Workers' Party (PT) emerged as the leading presidential candidate with the highest vote share, though insufficient for an outright victory, setting up a runoff against José Serra of the Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB).[34] The legislative and state elections held concurrently reflected a notable strengthening of left-wing representation, with the PT achieving substantial gains in congressional seats and securing governorships in key states, underscoring an electoral pivot toward progressive forces.[35] On 27 October, the presidential runoff concluded with Lula securing a decisive win over Serra, capturing 61.2 percent of the valid votes to Serra's 38.8 percent.[36] This outcome amplified the PT's congressional advancements from the first round, positioning the party for greater legislative influence in the ensuing administration.[35]November
In November, Brazilian monetary authorities raised the benchmark interest rate by 2 percentage points to 22% in an effort to curb inflation amid post-election uncertainties, reflecting ongoing stabilization measures under the outgoing administration while preparing for the incoming one.[37] The International Monetary Fund pressed for policy reassurances from Lula, emphasizing the need for continuity in fiscal discipline to sustain a $30 billion standby arrangement and avert further market volatility.[38] International observers cautioned Brazil against aggressive debt restructuring, highlighting risks to investor confidence as Lula's team planned reforms to balance social priorities with macroeconomic stability.[39] Lula publicly opposed the privatization of Banco do Brasil, signaling his administration's intent to retain state control over key financial institutions during the transition.[40]December
In December 2002, President Fernando Henrique Cardoso's administration concluded its term by emphasizing institutional stability and economic resilience amid the impending transition, with Cardoso highlighting Brazil's strengthened political framework following the October elections.[41] The Banco Central do Brasil's Inflation Report assessed the year's economic performance, noting a primary fiscal surplus of R$57.1 billion (4.82% of GDP) from January to November, surpassing targets, alongside a trade surplus of US$11.3 billion driven by export growth and import contraction.[42] Inflation pressures persisted at 10.22% year-to-November per the IPCA index, attributed to exchange rate effects and supply factors, though projections anticipated moderation with sustained policy discipline.[42] Preparations for Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva's January 1, 2003, inauguration focused on cabinet formation and policy continuity discussions, as analysts evaluated the incoming administration's approach to fiscal and monetary challenges in light of Lula's electoral mandate for left-wing reforms.[43] Holiday observances included traditional Christmas celebrations and New Year's Eve programming, such as TV Globo's year-end specials, marking a festive close to the calendar year before the governmental handover.[44] No major scandals emerged to overshadow the transition, with attention shifting to ensuring smooth executive continuity.[41]Births and deaths
Births
- January 19 – Reinier Jesus, professional footballer playing as an attacking midfielder.[45]
- February 1 – João Guilherme Ávila, actor known for roles in Brazilian television series.[46]
- March 10 – Júlia Gomes, actress and singer.
- May 22 – Maisa Silva, actress, presenter, and singer who began her career as a child performer.[47]
Deaths
- January 18 – Celso Daniel, mayor of Santo André and Workers' Party politician, was abducted and murdered, sparking a national crisis amid suspicions of political motives linked to corruption in public transport contracts.[48]
- June 2 – Tim Lopes, investigative journalist for TV Globo, was tortured and killed by drug traffickers in a Rio de Janeiro favela while reporting on gang activities; his death highlighted dangers to media professionals covering organized crime.[49]
- June 30 – Chico Xavier, prolific spiritist medium and author of over 400 books channeled from spirits, died from health complications; revered as a key figure in Brazilian spiritism, promoting charity and moral teachings.[50]
- November 21 – Amílcar de Castro, sculptor known for monumental iron works embodying Brazil's constructive geometry and neoconcretism movement, died at age 82.[51]