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Anzeiger des Westens
The Anzeiger des Westens (literally "Gazette of the West"), which operated from 1835 to 1912, was the first German-language newspaper in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Alongside the Westliche Post and the Illinois Staats-Zeitung, it became one of the three most prominent German-language papers in the Midwestern United States, serving the German-American population with news and features. During the 1840s, it is believed to have had the largest circulation of any newspaper in Missouri, regardless of language.
The Anzeiger was founded by Heinrich Bimpage and B.T.O. Festen, and its first issue appeared in June 1835. At first it was issued as a weekly. For years, the paper was the leading source of German-American thought throughout the Midwest.
William Weber became editor early in 1836. He had been a German student. His republican sympathies and involvement in the Polish uprising of 1830 had made him an exile after imprisonment in Leipzig. His first employment in St. Louis had been as a librarian at the Mercantile Library.
Weber was a vigorous young writer, and soon drew about him the leading German minds of the city and vicinity: George Engelmann, Gustave Koerner, Fred. Muench and others of such stamp contributed to its columns. Opposition to slavery was an early theme. From 1842 to 1846 the paper was issued triweekly, and in the latter year as a daily. In 1844 Arthur Olshausen secured an interest, and three years later became sole proprietor.
In 1850, Henry Boernstein succeeded Weber as editor, and very soon became proprietor and publisher. Boernstein was for years a conspicuous figure in St. Louis. In Austrian Poland he had studied medicine, served as a soldier, written editorials for newspapers, composed plays, and been a stage manager and actor. In Paris he hailed with delight the fall of Louis Philippe, but when Napoleon III came into power he fled the country, and was next heard from in Highland, Illinois.
In 1851, Carl Daenzer was employed by Boernstein as editor. Daenzer had drifted into St. Louis as a general writer. He had been a member of the Frankfurt Parliament, and had made himself obnoxious to the German government with efforts to bring about German unity by force of arms. For his rebellious course, he was condemned to ten years' imprisonment with a heavy fine. He escaped to Switzerland, and thence to the United States.
Educated German-Americans rallied around the paper to fight the Native American Party (or "Know Nothing" party as they became known) which was becoming strong in St. Louis. The party was anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic and thought Protestant, native-born Americans should control the government. "Know Nothingism" found stimulus in the fact that, in three months of one year in the late 1840s, 529 steamboats had landed at the St. Louis levee, bringing 30,000 immigrants to settle west of the Mississippi.
When the Know Nothing sentiment culminated in violence, the Anzeiger was the first object of attack. At the city election of 1852, it was charged that the German-Americans had taken control of the First Ward polls at Soulard Market, and were preventing the Whigs from voting. At that time, the Germans were classed as Benton Democrats. The report was brought up town that Mitchell had been mobbed and that Mayor Kennett, candidate for re-election, had been hissed at.
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Anzeiger des Westens
The Anzeiger des Westens (literally "Gazette of the West"), which operated from 1835 to 1912, was the first German-language newspaper in St. Louis, Missouri, United States. Alongside the Westliche Post and the Illinois Staats-Zeitung, it became one of the three most prominent German-language papers in the Midwestern United States, serving the German-American population with news and features. During the 1840s, it is believed to have had the largest circulation of any newspaper in Missouri, regardless of language.
The Anzeiger was founded by Heinrich Bimpage and B.T.O. Festen, and its first issue appeared in June 1835. At first it was issued as a weekly. For years, the paper was the leading source of German-American thought throughout the Midwest.
William Weber became editor early in 1836. He had been a German student. His republican sympathies and involvement in the Polish uprising of 1830 had made him an exile after imprisonment in Leipzig. His first employment in St. Louis had been as a librarian at the Mercantile Library.
Weber was a vigorous young writer, and soon drew about him the leading German minds of the city and vicinity: George Engelmann, Gustave Koerner, Fred. Muench and others of such stamp contributed to its columns. Opposition to slavery was an early theme. From 1842 to 1846 the paper was issued triweekly, and in the latter year as a daily. In 1844 Arthur Olshausen secured an interest, and three years later became sole proprietor.
In 1850, Henry Boernstein succeeded Weber as editor, and very soon became proprietor and publisher. Boernstein was for years a conspicuous figure in St. Louis. In Austrian Poland he had studied medicine, served as a soldier, written editorials for newspapers, composed plays, and been a stage manager and actor. In Paris he hailed with delight the fall of Louis Philippe, but when Napoleon III came into power he fled the country, and was next heard from in Highland, Illinois.
In 1851, Carl Daenzer was employed by Boernstein as editor. Daenzer had drifted into St. Louis as a general writer. He had been a member of the Frankfurt Parliament, and had made himself obnoxious to the German government with efforts to bring about German unity by force of arms. For his rebellious course, he was condemned to ten years' imprisonment with a heavy fine. He escaped to Switzerland, and thence to the United States.
Educated German-Americans rallied around the paper to fight the Native American Party (or "Know Nothing" party as they became known) which was becoming strong in St. Louis. The party was anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic and thought Protestant, native-born Americans should control the government. "Know Nothingism" found stimulus in the fact that, in three months of one year in the late 1840s, 529 steamboats had landed at the St. Louis levee, bringing 30,000 immigrants to settle west of the Mississippi.
When the Know Nothing sentiment culminated in violence, the Anzeiger was the first object of attack. At the city election of 1852, it was charged that the German-Americans had taken control of the First Ward polls at Soulard Market, and were preventing the Whigs from voting. At that time, the Germans were classed as Benton Democrats. The report was brought up town that Mitchell had been mobbed and that Mayor Kennett, candidate for re-election, had been hissed at.
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