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Bar, Ukraine
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Bar, Ukraine
Bar (Ukrainian: Бар [bɑr] ⓘ; Polish: Bar; Russian: Бар) is a city located on the Riv River in Vinnytsia Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located in the historic region of Podolia. It served as the administrative center of the former Bar Raion until 2020. The city's estimated population is 13,202 (2023).
Bar began as a small trade outpost known as Rov, within the Duchy of Podolia in the 13th century. Rov was noted for the first time in 1401. In 1537, the Polish Queen Bona Sforza renamed the settlement Bar, after her hometown of Bari, Italy. Bar's highest mountain was renamed after Queen Sforza in 2018 to commemorate her role in naming the town. In 1540, King Sigismund I the Old of Poland granted the nearby town city rights.
In the 1630s, Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan built a fortress in Bar and made note of the town in his book Description d'Ukranie. The Bar fortress was besieged several times in its history. In 1648, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, the fortress was captured by the Cossacks led by Maxym Kryvonis and was severely damaged.
Bar as a town was described by a number of travelers and historians, including Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan[circular reference] in 1650, Evliya Çelebi in 1656, and Ulrich von Werdum[circular reference] in August 1671.
In 1672, Bar was captured by the Ottoman Empire and became a seat of the sanjak in Podolia Eyalet with nahiyas of Bar, Dırajna, Zinkuv and Popovçi. On November 12, 1674, the town and the fortress were liberated by John III of Poland after a four-day siege. However, the Ottomans would then recapture the city in 1675 and hold it until 1686, with nominal control through 1699.
On February 29, 1768, the Bar Confederation, an alliance of Polish nobles, was founded by Adam Krasiński, Bishop of Kamenets, Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, Casimir Pulaski, Moritz Benyowszki and Michał Krasiński within the Bar fortress. After the Second Partition of Poland, the town was ceded to the Russian Empire and made part of the Podolia Governorate.
After 1922, Bar became part of Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic within the Soviet Union. In 1991, following the fall of the Soviet Union, the town became part of the independent Ukraine.
The town had a historical Jewish population, with 3,869 Jews within the city in 1939. On July 16, 1941, during World War II, Nazi Germany occupied the town and established ghettos, killing many of Bar's Jewish residents. In 1999, there was an estimated Jewish population of 199.
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Bar, Ukraine
Bar (Ukrainian: Бар [bɑr] ⓘ; Polish: Bar; Russian: Бар) is a city located on the Riv River in Vinnytsia Oblast, central Ukraine. It is located in the historic region of Podolia. It served as the administrative center of the former Bar Raion until 2020. The city's estimated population is 13,202 (2023).
Bar began as a small trade outpost known as Rov, within the Duchy of Podolia in the 13th century. Rov was noted for the first time in 1401. In 1537, the Polish Queen Bona Sforza renamed the settlement Bar, after her hometown of Bari, Italy. Bar's highest mountain was renamed after Queen Sforza in 2018 to commemorate her role in naming the town. In 1540, King Sigismund I the Old of Poland granted the nearby town city rights.
In the 1630s, Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan built a fortress in Bar and made note of the town in his book Description d'Ukranie. The Bar fortress was besieged several times in its history. In 1648, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, the fortress was captured by the Cossacks led by Maxym Kryvonis and was severely damaged.
Bar as a town was described by a number of travelers and historians, including Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan[circular reference] in 1650, Evliya Çelebi in 1656, and Ulrich von Werdum[circular reference] in August 1671.
In 1672, Bar was captured by the Ottoman Empire and became a seat of the sanjak in Podolia Eyalet with nahiyas of Bar, Dırajna, Zinkuv and Popovçi. On November 12, 1674, the town and the fortress were liberated by John III of Poland after a four-day siege. However, the Ottomans would then recapture the city in 1675 and hold it until 1686, with nominal control through 1699.
On February 29, 1768, the Bar Confederation, an alliance of Polish nobles, was founded by Adam Krasiński, Bishop of Kamenets, Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, Casimir Pulaski, Moritz Benyowszki and Michał Krasiński within the Bar fortress. After the Second Partition of Poland, the town was ceded to the Russian Empire and made part of the Podolia Governorate.
After 1922, Bar became part of Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic within the Soviet Union. In 1991, following the fall of the Soviet Union, the town became part of the independent Ukraine.
The town had a historical Jewish population, with 3,869 Jews within the city in 1939. On July 16, 1941, during World War II, Nazi Germany occupied the town and established ghettos, killing many of Bar's Jewish residents. In 1999, there was an estimated Jewish population of 199.
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