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William Hollis Long II (born August 11, 1955) is an American politician, realtor, and auctioneer who served as the 51st commissioner of internal revenue from June to August 2025. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as the U.S. representative for Missouri's 7th congressional district from 2011 to 2023.

Key Information

Long was elected to fill the district's seat in 2010, succeeding Roy Blunt upon his election to the U.S. Senate. The district included much of the southwestern quadrant of the state and was anchored in Springfield. It also included Branson, and Joplin. After Blunt announced that he would not run for re-election to the Senate in 2022, Long became a candidate in the 2022 senate race to succeed him, but lost the Republican primary to Eric Schmitt.[1]

Long was an early and enthusiastic supporter of Donald Trump.[2] Compared to previous IRS commissioners, Long lacks experience in the tax industry.[3] Long has previously called for abolishing the IRS,[4] as well as replacing much of the tax code with a flat tax.[5][6]

Long was nominated by President Donald Trump to serve as the commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service.[7][8] He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in June 2025, and took office in July 2025.

On August 8, 2025, The New York Times reported that Long was being removed by Trump in preparation for an ambassadorship to Iceland.[9][10]

Early life and education

[edit]

William Hollis Long II was born in Springfield on August 11, 1955.[11][12] He is a fourth-generation native of Missouri.[13] He graduated from the K–12 Greenwood Laboratory School in 1973.[14][15] He attended the University of Missouri from 1973 to 1976 but did not graduate.[13][16] Long then attended and later graduated in 1979 from the Missouri Auction School, based in Kansas City.[17][18] In 1983, he received a professional designation from the Certified Auctioneers Institute, hosted at Indiana University Bloomington.[18][19][20]

Career

[edit]

Long was an auctioneer and owned Billy Long Auctions, LLC from 1979 to 2011.[21][22] He was named "Best Auctioneer in the Ozarks" for seven years in a row.[23][24] In 2016, he was inducted into National Auctioneers' Association Hall of Fame[25][26] after his 2009 induction into the Missouri Professional Auctioneers’ Association Hall of Fame.[27][28][29] He was a talk radio show host on the Springfield-based station KWTO and worked as a realtor part time.[30] He is a member of the National Association of Realtors, National Auctioneers Association, the Springfield Area Chamber of Commerce, the National Rifle Association of America, and the Greater Springfield Board of Realtors. He was also the former President of the Missouri Auctioneers' Association.[17][31][32]

U.S. House of Representatives

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Long's official congressional portrait in 2011

Long was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from 2011 to 2023.

Long was among the 75 Republican cosponsors to the Fair Tax Act (H.R. 25/S. 18), first introduced in 2015 by Representative Rob Woodall (R-GA) and then again in 2017.[33] The bill would have phased out all IRS funding and abolished the IRS in 2019. It also would have scrapped the income tax system and replaced it with a 23% national retail sales tax primarily administered by the states.[33]

During a September 2018 House Committee on Energy and Commerce hearing on alleged anti-conservative bias on social media, far-right internet personality Laura Loomer interrupted the meeting. Long began a mock auction chant pretending he was selling Loomer's mobile phone until she was escorted out.[34][35] The incident generated considerable laughter and applause from the audience.[36]

In September 2018, in response to sexual assault allegations against Supreme Court nominee Brett Kavanaugh, Long retweeted a Twitter post comparing the allegations to a "kiss on the forehead".[37]

In December 2021, Long was given the Order of the Rising Sun, on behalf of the Emperor of Japan in recognition of Long's "significant contributions to deepening bilateral relations and promoting legislative exchanges between Japan and the United States".[38][39]

Tax consulting

[edit]
Long in 2023

In 2023, Long worked as a salesperson for Lifetime Advisors and Commerce Terrace Consulting, two companies that encourage clients to apply for tax credits and subsequently take a cut of the benefits.[4][40] On his X profile, Long self-describes as a "Certified Tax & Business Advisor".[4] The "Certified Tax & Business Advisor" certificate was given to Long after he attended a three-day course offered by a Florida tax consultancy.[4]

At Lifetime Advisors, Long encouraged eligible clients to apply for a controversial tax credit, the Employee Retention Credit (ERC), for which the IRS temporarily stopped accepting applications because a large number of firms were making improper claims.[4] Lifetime Advisors took an expansive view of eligibility for the tax credit, sometimes even challenging clients who did not believe they qualified. Companies that erroneously apply for the credit are at risk of having to pay penalties to the IRS. The IRS has warned companies not to rely on companies that ask for a cut of a tax credit.[4] Lifetime has helped companies claim $1.3 billion in ERTC tax credits.[41] In a September 2023 interview, Long stated that he helped only eligible companies claim the credit.[4] The credit itself has cost the government $230 billion.[42]

In 2024, Long lobbied in Washington, D.C., for the IRS to approve more tax credit claims.[4]

Realtor

[edit]

In July 2023, Long became a realtor with Murney Associates.[30]

Commissioner of Internal Revenue Service

[edit]

On December 4, 2024, President-elect Donald Trump announced his intention to nominate Long to serve as the commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service.[43] During his time in Congress, Long repeatedly sponsored bills to abolish the IRS.[33] President Trump "described him as a 'people person' who was 'well respected on both sides of the aisle.'"[43]

In January 2025, following his nomination to head the IRS, Long received nearly $137,000 in campaign contributions to his Senate campaign committee, which had raised less than $36,000 during the previous two years.[44] Long then paid himself $130,000 in remuneration for the outstanding portion of a $250,000 loan he had made to his 2022 US Senate campaign.[44] Watchdog groups noted the "highly unusual" nature of a failed candidate being given donations after being nominated to a position where he could influence government policy for those donors. [45]

Republican senator Mike Crapo stated that he was looking forward to Long's ideas on the agency.[46] The National Taxpayers Union, a conservative advocacy organization, praised President Trump's selection for Long to lead the agency in reform.[47] Jason Smith, the House Ways and Means chairman, also praised Trump’s choice to lead the tax-collection agency, stating that: "I couldn’t have picked anyone better."[48]

However, some Democrats raised concern. Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon criticized President Trump for wanting to replace Danny Werfel, who later stepped down as commissioner on January 20, 2025,[49][50] and Long's involvement with the scam-plagued Employee Retention Credit.[33][51] House representative Don Beyer, who serves on the House Ways and Means Tax Subcommittee, echoed his support for Werfel to complete his term, and dismay at Long's lack of qualifications and previous efforts to eliminate the agency he was nominated to lead.[33]

In March 2025, while Long's IRS nomination was pending in the Senate, he was appointed as a senior advisor in the Office of Personnel Management.[52][53] In June, Talking Points Memo reported that Long was said by Senator Ron Wyden (Democrat of Oregon) to be earning $195,200, "which is the maximum salary for a federal worker in Washington D.C.," in this position, while Long's "internal OPM calendar . . . shows him averaging less than three items per week over the past three months".[54]

Long was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on June 12, 2025 by a 53–44 vote.[55] He was sworn-in four days later on June 16, 2025.[56]

On August 8, 2025, President Trump removed Long as commissioner of the IRS, less than two months after his confirmation. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent became acting commissioner.[57]

Political positions

[edit]

Donald Trump

[edit]

Long was an early enthusiastic supporter of Donald Trump, and claimed to have coined the phrase "getting on the Trump train."[2] Trump has praised him, saying "He (Billy) is an extremely hard worker, and respected by all, especially by those who know him in Congress."[58]

After Joe Biden won the 2020 presidential election and Donald Trump refused to concede,[59] Long pushed Trump's false claims of voter fraud in the election.[60][61] In December 2020, Long supported an amicus brief in support of Texas v. Pennsylvania, a lawsuit filed at the United States Supreme Court contesting the results of the election based on allegations of fraud.[62][63]

Long supported President Donald Trump's 2017 executive order banning entry to the U.S. to citizens of seven Muslim-majority countries.[64]

Energy

[edit]

Long served on the Energy and Commerce Committee during his entirety in Congress. He advocated for access to affordable energy for Americans.[65] In 2010, he signed the No Climate Pledge by AFP. Long was a proponent of drilling for oil, voting for opening the outer continental shelf to oil drilling.[65] During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, Long called for the sanctioning of Russia's oil to cut off Putin's ability to wage war.[66][65]

Tax

[edit]

Long has stated that he is open to either a flat tax or a fair tax as a way to fix the American tax system. He has voted in support of tax relief and said that the government takes too much, penalizes success, and has created a tax code that is too complex.[67]

In his first year of Congress, Long co-sponsored the Fair Tax Act of 2011. This bill called for the replacement of income tax & estate tax with 23% sales tax.[67] Also in 2011, he was part of a push to get the IRS to launch a probe of the tax-exempt status of the Humane Society of the United States.[68] The letter followed the Humane Society’s support of a successful Missouri ballot measure strengthening regulations on dog breeders.[2] In 2015, Long co-sponsored H.R.25 & S.155,[67] a bill to "promote freedom, fairness, and economic opportunity by repealing the income tax and other taxes, abolishing the Internal Revenue Service, and enacting a national sales tax to be administered primarily by the States." In December 2024, he was appointed to lead the IRS, the organization he previously called to abolish in that vote.[69]

Healthcare

[edit]

In 2014, Long introduced the Taxpayer Transparency Act.[70] The bill required that federal agencies label any distributed promotional or educational material carry the "paid for by taxpayers" label. The act was a response to a multi-million ad campaign by the Department of Health and Human Services to promote the Affordable Care Act.[71] The bill passed the House amended, before the Senate then passed on to the Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs.[70]

Gun control

[edit]

Long opposed stricter gun control measures, including universal background checks and red-flag laws. He argued that such measures infringe on Second Amendment rights and would not effectively prevent gun violence.[72] In 2022, in an interview following the Uvalde school shooting, Long blamed the increase in mass shootings on society’s lack of respect for human life, which he believes began with the legalization of abortion.[73][74]

Long was repeatedly endorsed by the National Rifle Association of America, earning an "A" rating from them for his demonstrated record of being a pro-gun Congressman.[75]

Violence Against Women Act

[edit]

In 2013, Long voted no on re-authorizing the Violence Against Women Act.[76]

Abortion

[edit]

Long holds a pro-life position on abortion. He has supported efforts to limit abortion access, including legislation aimed at defunding Planned Parenthood and co-sponsored the Sanctity of Human Life Act that proposed to grant full personhood to fertilised embryos. Long has also expressed his support for the overturning of Roe v. Wade and believes that abortion laws should be regulated at the state level. Additionally, he opposes federal funding for abortion services.[77]

In 2015, Long cosponsored the Pain-Capable Unborn Child Protection Act (H.R. 36). This bill sought to prohibit most abortions after 20 weeks of pregnancy.[78]

LGBTQ rights

[edit]

In 2015, Long condemned the Supreme Court ruling in Obergefell v. Hodges, which held that same-sex marriage bans violated the constitution.[79] In 2022, Long voted against the Respect for Marriage Act that required all states and territories to recognise same-sex and interracial marriages.[80]

Religion

[edit]

Long considers himself to be an advocate for freedom of religion.[81] He voted yes in support of both the First Amendment Defense Act which aimed to legally protect religious opposition to homosexuality and same-sex marriage as free speech,[76] and H.Con.Res.13.[82][76] which reaffirmed the use of “In God We Trust” as the official motto of the United States government and encouraged use of the motto in public institutions.[82][83] Long is a member of the First and Calvary Presbyterian Church in Springfield, Missouri.[84]

Awards

[edit]

Election history

[edit]

2022

[edit]
See also: 2022 United States Senate election in Missouri

Republican primary Long joined the race for Senate against then Missouri Attorney General Eric Schmitt. In the crowded 21-way Republican primary, Long came in fourth with only 5% of the vote, with just over 32,500 votes. Contenders in this race included former Missouri Governor Eric Greitins, Congresswoman Vicky Hartzler and President Pro Tempore of the Missouri Senate Dave Schatz.

Results by county:
  Schmitt
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  •   50–60%
  Hartzler
  •   30–40%
  •   40–50%
  Greitens
  •   40–50%
Republican primary results[91]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Eric Schmitt 299,282 45.6
Republican Vicky Hartzler 144,903 22.1
Republican Eric Greitens 124,155 18.9
Republican Billy Long 32,603 5.0
Republican Mark McCloskey 19,540 3.0
Republican Dave Schatz 7,509 1.1
Republican Patrick A. Lewis 6,085 0.9
Republican Curtis D. Vaughn 3,451 0.5
Republican Eric McElroy 2,805 0.4
Republican Robert Allen 2,111 0.3
Republican C. W. Gardner 2,044 0.3
Republican Dave Sims 1,949 0.3
Republican Bernie Mowinski 1,602 0.2
Republican Deshon Porter 1,574 0.2
Republican Darrell Leon McClanahan III 1,139 0.2
Republican Rickey Joiner 1,084 0.2
Republican Robert Olson 1,081 0.2
Republican Dennis Lee Chilton 755 0.1
Republican Russel Pealer Breyfogle Jr. 685 0.1
Republican Kevin C. Schepers 681 0.1
Republican Hartford Tunnell 637 0.1
Total votes 655,675 100.0

2010

[edit]
See also: 2010 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri § District 7
Republican primary

Long joined the race for the 7th Congressional District after incumbent U.S. representative Roy Blunt chose to run for the U.S. Senate seat being vacated by Kit Bond. In the crowded seven-way Republican primary—the de facto election in the state's most Republican district—Long won with 36% of the vote.

Missouri's 7th district Republican primary, August 3, 2010
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Billy Long 38,218 36.56
Republican Jack Goodman 30,401 29.08
Republican Gary Nodler 14,561 13.93
Republican Darrell Moore 9,312 8.91
Republican Jeff Wisdom 4,552 4.36
Republican Mike Moon 4,473 4.28
Republican Steve Hunter 2,173 2.08
Republican Michael Wardell 844 0.81
Total votes 104,534 100.00
General election
2010 election for U.S. Representative of Missouri's 7th Congressional District
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Billy Long 141,010 63.39
Democratic Scott Eckersley 67,545 30.37
Libertarian Kevin Craig 13,866 6.23
Write-In Others 10 0.00

2012

[edit]
See also: 2012 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri § District 7
2012 election for U.S. Representative of Missouri's 7th Congressional District
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Billy Long 203,565 63.87
Democratic Jim Evans 98,498 30.90
Libertarian Kevin Craig 16,668 5.23
Write-In Others 9 0.00

2014

[edit]
See also: 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri § District 7

In the August 5 Republican primary, Long defeated Marshall Works, 62.4% to 37.6%.[92]

2014 election for U.S. Representative of Missouri's 7th Congressional District
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Billy Long 104,054 63.46
Democratic Jim Evans 47,282 28.84
Libertarian Kevin Craig 12,584 7.68
Write-In Others 37 0.02

2016

[edit]
See also: 2016 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri § District 7

In the August 2 Republican primary, Long defeated Nathan Clay, Christopher Batsche, Matthew Evans, Lyndle Spencer, Matthew Canovi, James Nelson and Mary Byrne.[93]

2016 election for U.S. Representative of Missouri's 7th Congressional District
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Billy Long 228,692 67.5
Democratic Genevieve Williams 92,756 27.4
Libertarian Benjamin Brixey 17,153 5.1
Write-In Others 6 0.0

2018

[edit]
See also: 2018 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri § District 7

In the Republican primary, Long defeated Jim Evans, Lance Norris, and Benjamin Holcomb. In the general election, he defeated Democratic nominee Jamie Schoolcraft, who had defeated Kenneth Hatfield, John Farmer de la Torre, and Vincent Jennings in the Democratic primary.[94]

2018 election for U.S. Representative of Missouri's 7th Congressional District
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Billy Long 195,872 66.3
Democratic Jamie Schoolcraft 88,642 30
Libertarian Benjamin Brixey 10,833 3.7
Write-In Others 270 0.1

2020

[edit]
See also: 2020 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri § District 7

In the August 4 Republican primary, Long defeated Eric Harleman, Kevin VanStory, Steve Chetnik and Camille Lombardi-Olive.[95]

Missouri's 7th congressional district, 2020[96]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Billy Long 254,318 68.9
Democratic Teresa Montseny 98,111 26.6
Libertarian Kevin Craig 15,573 4.2
Independent Audrey Richards (write-in) 1,279 0.3
Write-in 2 0.0

Committee assignments

[edit]

Caucus memberships

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Billy Long

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
William Hollis Long II (born August 11, 1955), known as Billy Long, is an American auctioneer, realtor, and politician who served as the U.S. Representative for Missouri's 7th congressional district from 2011 to 2023. A Republican, Long entered Congress during the Tea Party movement, advocating for limited government, tax cuts, and deregulation during his tenure on the House Ways and Means Committee. He gained national attention for his distinctive auctioneer-style speeches and strong support for former President Donald Trump, including early endorsement in the 2024 election cycle. Long's post-Congress career included a unsuccessful bid in the 2022 Republican Senate primary, where he placed third behind Eric Schmitt and Vicky Hartzler. In 2025, President Trump nominated him as the 51st Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service, a role Long had previously criticized and sought to abolish; he was confirmed by the Senate on June 12, 2025, in a 53-44 party-line vote and sworn in shortly thereafter. His brief tenure, ending in August 2025 amid reports of agency shakeups and his shift to a potential ambassadorship nomination, drew scrutiny over prior campaign donations that offset personal debts and questions about his tax advisory credentials. These controversies, amplified by opponents during confirmation, highlighted tensions between Long's outsider background and the demands of federal tax administration.

Personal Background

Early Life and Family

William Hollis Long II was born on August 11, 1955, in Springfield, Greene County, Missouri. Long was raised in Springfield, where his family maintained long-standing ties to the region. He married Barbara Long, a real estate agent, in 1984 in Springfield. The couple has two daughters, Kelle and Kaleen.

Education

Long graduated from Greenwood Laboratory School, a K–12 institution affiliated with Missouri State University, in Springfield, Missouri, in 1973. He then attended the University of Missouri at Columbia from 1973 to 1976 but did not earn a degree. Long pursued vocational training in auctioneering, graduating from the Missouri Auction School in Kansas City in 1979 after a nine-day program. In 1983, he completed the Certified Auctioneers Institute, a professional certification program offered by Indiana University in Bloomington, Indiana. These qualifications supported his subsequent career as a professional auctioneer.

Pre-Political Professional Career

Auctioneering and Business Ventures

Billy Long established himself as a professional auctioneer in Springfield, Missouri, conducting auctions for over 31 years prior to entering Congress. He founded Billy Long Auctions, LLC, in 1979, operating it as a full-service auction house that handled sales of real estate, equipment, vehicles, and personal property. By 2010, the company had expanded to become one of the largest auction firms in Missouri, with operations based at 1675 E. Seminole Street. Long's auctioneering expertise earned him repeated professional accolades, including selection as "Best Auctioneer in the Ozarks" for seven consecutive years by local publications. He was inducted into the National Auctioneers Association Hall of Fame and the Missouri Professional Auctioneers Association Hall of Fame in recognition of his contributions to the field. These honors reflected his rapid-fire auctioneering style, which later gained national attention during congressional hearings when he employed it to interrupt protesters. In preparation for his 2010 congressional campaign, Long shuttered Billy Long Auctions in February 2011, selling its assets after 29 years of operation, to focus on public service. The closure marked the end of his primary pre-political business venture, though he maintained involvement in related commercial activities in southwest Missouri. No other major independent business enterprises are documented from this period beyond his auction operations.

Real Estate, Tax Consulting, and Radio Hosting

Long maintained a long-standing career as a real estate broker in Springfield, Missouri, spanning 32 years prior to his 2011 election to Congress. His work in the field involved residential and commercial properties, leveraging local market knowledge in the Ozarks region. In parallel, Long hosted a conservative talk radio show on KWTO-AM, a Springfield station, for six years immediately before entering politics, discussing local and national issues from a right-leaning perspective. This role built his public profile in southwest Missouri, complementing his auctioneering and brokerage activities. Following his congressional tenure ending in 2023, Long entered tax consulting, associating with firms such as Lifetime Advisors and Commerce Terrace Consulting to advise businesses on claiming the Employee Retention Tax Credit (ERTC), a pandemic-era incentive later flagged by the IRS for widespread fraudulent claims. He reported earning income from tax-related consulting, including at least $65,000 from Capitol Edge Strategies, while marketing credentials as a certified tax and business advisor—though critics questioned the rigor of such designations from Missouri professional bodies. No records indicate formal tax consulting prior to his political service.

Congressional Service

Elections and Tenure

Long was first elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in Missouri's 7th congressional district during the 2010 midterm elections, succeeding Roy Blunt, who had advanced to the U.S. Senate. The district, encompassing southwestern Missouri including Springfield, has consistently favored Republican candidates, enabling Long to secure victory in the general election against Democrat Scott Eckersley. He assumed office on January 3, 2011. Long won re-election five times thereafter, each time by comfortable margins reflective of the district's partisan composition, where registered Republicans outnumber Democrats significantly. In 2016, he defeated Democrat Howard K. Williams by approximately 40 percentage points. His 2020 victory came with 68.7% of the vote against Democrat Teresa Radtke. These outcomes underscore the 7th district's status as one of the safest Republican seats in the nation during his tenure, with Long facing minimal primary opposition in most cycles. Opting not to seek a seventh House term, Long announced his bid for the U.S. Senate in 2021, aiming to replace the retiring Blunt. In the Republican primary held on August 2, 2022, he garnered 32,603 votes, equivalent to 5.0% of the total, placing fourth behind Attorney General Eric Schmitt (45.7%), former Senator Vicky Hartzler (22.1%), and former Governor Eric Greitens (18.9%). Schmitt advanced to the general election and won the seat. Long's congressional service concluded on January 3, 2023, after 12 years representing the district. During his tenure from the 112th to 117th Congresses, Long sponsored 46 bills and cosponsored over 1,400 others, with a focus on tax simplification, small business relief, and agriculture policy aligned with his district's rural and entrepreneurial economy. He maintained a 100% score from conservative groups on key fiscal and regulatory votes, reflecting consistent adherence to Republican priorities amid polarized national debates.

Committee Assignments and Caucus Memberships

Long entered the 112th Congress in January 2011 with assignments to the Committee on Homeland Security and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. He later shifted to the Committee on Energy and Commerce, where he served through multiple subsequent Congresses, including the 116th (2019–2021), participating in subcommittees such as Oversight and Investigations. Long held memberships in several congressional caucuses and informal groups, reflecting his interests in trade, security, and outdoor activities. He was a member of the Congressional Sportsmen's Caucus. Additionally, he co-chaired the Congressional Study Group on Japan, focusing on bilateral economic and diplomatic relations. Long participated in the Caucus on International Narcotics Control, addressing global drug policy issues. As a Republican, he was affiliated with the House Republican Conference.

IRS Commissioner Role

Nomination and Confirmation

President-elect Donald Trump nominated former U.S. Representative Billy Long of Missouri to be Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service on December 4, 2024, for the remainder of the term expiring November 12, 2027, succeeding Daniel Werfel. The nomination drew immediate criticism from Senate Finance Committee Ranking Member Ron Wyden, who described Long as a "bizarre choice" due to his post-Congress employment with a firm that promoted a fraud-prone Paycheck Protection Program loan scheme to clients, raising concerns about potential conflicts of interest. The Senate Finance Committee held Long's confirmation hearing on May 21, 2025, where senators questioned his qualifications, including his limited administrative experience managing large organizations and his prior legislative efforts to abolish the IRS during his congressional tenure from 2011 to 2023. Long responded by prioritizing improved taxpayer customer service and IRS technological modernization as key focuses, while defending his tax policy expertise from years as a certified auctioneer, real estate professional, and House Ways and Means Committee member. On June 11, 2025, the Senate advanced the nomination via a procedural cloture vote of 53-46 along party lines. The full Senate confirmed Long the following day, June 12, 2025, by a 53-44 vote, again divided strictly by party with three senators absent; Democrats cited ongoing worries over his firm's PPP involvement and perceived lack of IRS leadership credentials, but Republicans supported his nomination amid broader agency reform goals.

Tenure and Removal

Billy Long was confirmed by the U.S. Senate as the 51st Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service on June 12, 2025, by a vote of 53-44, succeeding acting commissioner Michael Faulkender. He was sworn into office on June 17, 2025, with his term originally set to expire on November 12, 2027. Long's selection as commissioner, despite lacking formal tax administration experience, drew criticism from Senate Democrats who argued he was unqualified for the role overseeing an agency with over 80,000 employees and annual collections exceeding $4 trillion. Long's tenure lasted approximately seven weeks, from June 17 to August 8, 2025, marking the shortest confirmed term for an IRS commissioner since the position's creation in 1862. During this period, his leadership faced scrutiny for operational missteps, including a public statement erroneously claiming the 2026 tax filing season would begin on Presidents' Day, which contradicted established IRS protocols. The IRS experienced ongoing leadership instability in 2025, with Long being the sixth individual to hold the commissioner position that year amid multiple acting appointees following the end of Danny Werfel's prior term. On August 8, 2025, President Donald Trump removed Long from the position, with Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent assuming acting oversight of the IRS thereafter. The abrupt dismissal followed reports of internal clashes, including resistance to executive requests for taxpayer data related to immigration enforcement, though the Trump administration did not publicly detail the rationale. Long subsequently announced that Trump intended to nominate him as U.S. ambassador to Iceland, framing the transition as a reassignment rather than a demotion.

Political Ideology and Positions

Alignment with Donald Trump

Billy Long emerged as an early supporter of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential campaign, endorsing him when many viewed Trump's bid skeptically and promoting his candidacy to constituents in Missouri's 7th congressional district. He defended Trump amid controversies, such as the 2016 Access Hollywood tape, arguing that alternative candidates like Hillary Clinton posed greater risks to the country. During Trump's presidency, Long demonstrated legislative alignment through his voting record. As a member of the House Ways and Means Committee, he supported the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, a cornerstone of Trump's economic agenda that reduced corporate and individual tax rates. He voted against both articles of impeachment in 2019, citing them as partisan efforts to undo the 2016 election results without evidence of high crimes. In 2021, Long again opposed Trump's second impeachment for incitement of insurrection, joining nearly all House Republicans in rejecting the charges. His overall conservatism during the Trump era aligned closely with Republican priorities, earning high scores from groups like Heritage Action, which track adherence to limited-government principles central to Trump's platform. Long's alignment extended to post-election disputes. On January 6, 2021, he voted to object to the certification of Arizona's and Pennsylvania's electoral votes, supporting Trump's claims of irregularities in the 2020 presidential election. During his 2022 U.S. Senate campaign, Long released advertisements asserting the election was "rigged," positioning himself as a steadfast Trump ally and seeking the former president's endorsement, which he partially received as a "boost" before Trump backed rival Eric Schmitt. Trump's selection of Long as IRS commissioner in December 2024 further underscored their political rapport, with Trump praising Long's tax advisory experience and predicting taxpayers would appreciate his leadership in reforming the agency. Long's Senate confirmation in June 2025 on a 53-44 party-line vote reflected Republican backing for Trump's nominee, though Trump removed him from the post in August 2025 after less than two months, installing Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent as acting commissioner without public explanation of the decision.

Fiscal Policy and Taxation

Billy Long consistently advocated for tax reductions and reforms aimed at simplifying the tax code during his tenure in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2011 to 2023. He supported the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (H.R. 1), which lowered individual and corporate tax rates, doubled the standard deduction, and eliminated certain itemized deductions, arguing it would stimulate economic growth and benefit working families in Missouri's 7th district. His legislative efforts emphasized protecting small businesses and limiting federal spending, earning him an 85% rating from the National Tax Limitation Committee for votes aligning with policies to restrain tax burdens. Long co-sponsored the Fair Tax Act (H.R. 25), which proposed abolishing the federal income tax, payroll taxes, estate taxes, and the Internal Revenue Service in favor of a national retail sales tax on new goods and services, with the stated goal of shifting taxation toward consumption to encourage savings and investment while reducing government overreach. He voted for measures to cut IRS funding, including the 2014 Consolidated Appropriations Act (Cromnibus), which reduced the agency's budget by $345.6 million, reflecting his view that diminished IRS resources would curb enforcement overreach on taxpayers. Additionally, he backed Tax Reform 2.0 initiatives, such as the Protecting Family and Small Business Tax Cuts Act (H.R. 6760), to make permanent certain 2017 tax provisions expiring after 2025, prioritizing permanence for individual tax cuts and business expensing deductions. On fiscal policy broadly, Long opposed expansive government spending, as evidenced by his 100% score from Heritage Action in the 117th Congress for votes against large-scale tax-and-spending bills that he criticized for exacerbating inflation. He favored balanced budgets and debt reduction, consistently voting against debt ceiling increases without accompanying spending cuts, and advocated for taxpayer protections against IRS audits and penalties, including bills to limit agency authority in areas like political speech enforcement. These positions aligned with his background in tax consulting, where he emphasized compliance simplification over punitive measures.

Energy and Economic Issues

Long served on the House Energy and Commerce Committee throughout his congressional tenure, where he prioritized policies enhancing domestic energy production and affordability. He consistently opposed expansive environmental regulations, voting against measures that would expand renewable energy mandates or restrict fossil fuel development. For instance, in July 2017, Long supported an amendment to the National Defense Authorization Act prohibiting federal funding for alternative energy requirements in Department of Defense contracts, aligning with efforts to curb subsidies for renewables. His lifetime score of 4% from the League of Conservation Voters underscores this stance, reflecting votes against bills promoting clean energy investments and emissions reductions. Long advocated for expanded fossil fuel infrastructure, casting a "yea" vote on January 9, 2015, for H.R. 3, the Keystone XL Pipeline Act, which sought to authorize the pipeline transporting Canadian oil sands crude to U.S. refineries, potentially boosting energy independence and job creation in the sector. In correspondence with constituents, he defended reliance on fossil fuels as essential to the U.S. economy, critiquing proposals that de-emphasize traditional energy sources in favor of rapid transitions to renewables amid climate concerns. On broader economic policy, Long championed tax relief and deregulation as drivers of growth, particularly during his service on the House Ways and Means Committee. He backed the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which reduced the corporate tax rate from 35% to 21% and adjusted individual brackets to stimulate investment and wage increases, consistent with his legislative push for code simplification and taxpayer protections. Long co-sponsored multiple bills to repeal the federal estate tax, arguing it burdened family businesses and farms in Missouri's 7th District. He also voted for the Economic Growth, Regulatory Relief, and Consumer Protection Act of 2018 (S. 2155), which rolled back portions of the Dodd-Frank Act to ease compliance for smaller financial institutions and promote lending. These positions earned him high marks from conservative groups like Heritage Action, with a lifetime score of 82%, indicating alignment with free-market reforms over expansive government intervention.

Healthcare and Social Welfare

Long consistently opposed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), commonly known as Obamacare, voting repeatedly for its repeal during his tenure in the House from 2011 to 2023. In January 2017, he supported advancing legislation to dismantle key ACA provisions, fulfilling campaign pledges to constituents in Missouri's 7th District by arguing the law imposed burdensome mandates and drove up premiums. His position aligned with broader Republican efforts to replace the ACA with market-oriented reforms emphasizing deregulation and state flexibility, though he expressed reservations about inadequate protections for pre-existing conditions in early drafts. In May 2017, Long initially opposed the American Health Care Act (AHCA), the GOP's primary repeal-and-replace bill, citing insufficient funding for high-risk pools to cover pre-existing conditions, which he deemed essential for vulnerable populations in rural Missouri. He reversed his stance days later after Republican leaders committed an additional $8 billion to stabilize insurance markets and enhance those protections, ultimately voting yes on May 4, 2017, helping secure passage in the House by a narrow 217-213 margin. This vote reflected his prioritization of fiscal restraint alongside targeted aid, as the AHCA proposed converting Medicaid expansion into block grants or per capita allotments to curb federal spending growth projected under the ACA. On social welfare, Long advocated for stricter eligibility and work requirements in programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), voting in March 2018 to authorize states to impose federal work mandates on able-bodied recipients without dependents, aiming to promote self-sufficiency and reduce dependency. This stance, detailed in his support for H. Amdt. 231 to the farm bill, echoed conservative critiques that expansive welfare without incentives perpetuated poverty cycles, drawing from empirical data on employment gains in states with similar reforms. His high scores on fiscal conservatism indices, such as 100% from Heritage Action in the 117th Congress, underscored opposition to omnibus spending expansions that included welfare enhancements without offsets. Long's record emphasized reforming entitlements for sustainability, prioritizing private-sector job growth in Missouri's manufacturing-heavy district over federal aid proliferation.

Second Amendment and Public Safety

Long consistently opposed federal gun control measures, earning an "A" rating from the National Rifle Association Political Victory Fund (NRA-PVF) for his record on Second Amendment issues. The NRA-PVF endorsed him in the 2016 Republican primary, citing his leadership in defending gun owners' rights. He received $16,863 in contributions from the NRA since 2010. In the 117th Congress, Long voted against H.R. 8, which sought to expand background checks for firearm purchases, on March 11, 2021. He also opposed H.R. 1446, imposing a 10-day waiting period for certain gun transfers, on the same date. Following the Robb Elementary School shooting in Uvalde, Texas, on May 24, 2022, which killed 19 children and two teachers, Long refused to support universal background checks or red-flag laws, arguing that "no one yet has shown us anything that would have prevented any of these shootings." He joined other Missouri Republicans in voting against gun reform packages in June 2022, including the Protecting Our Kids Act (H.R. 7910). On public safety, Long emphasized local responsibility over federal interventions, urging school boards to "police your own area" and implement practical security enhancements, such as training teachers to open emergency exits with tools like a two-by-four for rapid evacuations. He advocated facilitating recovery of crime victim restitution fees to support victims. Long also endorsed reducing recidivism as an initial step in addressing mass incarceration and crime, reflecting a focus on rehabilitation alongside rights protections.

Abortion and LGBTQ Issues

Billy Long has maintained a consistently pro-life stance on abortion throughout his congressional tenure, earning a 100% rating from the National Right to Life Committee based on his voting record supporting restrictions on abortion access and federal funding. He voted in favor of H.R. 7, the No Taxpayer Funding for Abortion Act, in 2011, which sought to prohibit the use of federal funds for health coverage including abortion services except in cases of rape, incest, or life endangerment. In February 2019, Long sponsored H.R. 962, the Born-Alive Abortion Survivors Protection Act, aimed at requiring medical care for infants born alive following attempted abortions. He also cosponsored H.R. 1011, the Life at Conception Act, introduced in February 2021, which would define human life as beginning at fertilization and thereby restrict abortion nationwide without explicit exceptions for rape or incest. Long received a 0% rating from Planned Parenthood Action Fund, reflecting his opposition to measures expanding abortion access, such as voting against efforts to repeal the Hyde Amendment, which limits federal Medicaid funding for abortions. His positions align with broader Republican efforts to defund organizations like Planned Parenthood that provide abortion services, as evidenced by his support for budget reconciliations excluding such funding. On LGBTQ issues, Long has opposed same-sex marriage and related federal protections, voting against the Respect for Marriage Act in July 2022, which codified Obergefell v. Hodges by requiring states to recognize same-sex marriages performed elsewhere. Following the Supreme Court's 2015 Obergefell decision legalizing same-sex marriage nationwide, Long stated he was "disappointed," arguing the ruling undermined traditional marriage and states' rights. He supported the First Amendment Defense Act, which aimed to protect individuals and organizations with religious objections to same-sex marriage from federal discrimination claims. Long's record includes opposition to expanding LGBTQ nondiscrimination protections, earning a 0% score from the Human Rights Campaign's Congressional Scorecard for multiple sessions, based on votes against bills addressing employment, housing, and military service discrimination. He voted to respect faith-based opposition to same-sex marriage in state policies and opposed reauthorizing the Violence Against Women Act in 2013 due to provisions extending protections to same-sex partners, citing concerns over federal overreach. Reports emerged in 2022 alleging family involvement in hosting a same-sex wedding shower, contrasting his public votes, though Long did not publicly address these claims and maintained his legislative opposition.

Religious Liberty

Billy Long has consistently advocated for protections of religious exercise against government infringement during his tenure in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2011 to 2023. In May 2016, he opposed the Maloney Amendment to an appropriations bill, which sought to codify President Barack Obama's 2014 executive order requiring federal contractors to adopt policies prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity; conservative organizations, including Heritage Action, characterized the amendment as undermining religious liberty by potentially forcing faith-based entities to violate their beliefs on marriage and sexuality in contracting with the government. Long's opposition aligned with broader Republican efforts to shield religious organizations from such mandates. Long supported legislative measures enhancing religious freedom oversight, including the reauthorization of the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom, which monitors global violations and advises U.S. policy; his affirmative vote underscored a commitment to promoting religious liberty domestically and abroad. In the Congressional Record, he inserted extensions of remarks highlighting attacks on religious minorities and praising initiatives for ethnic tolerance and faith protections in countries like Azerbaijan, emphasizing religious freedom as a core governance principle. These statements reflected his view that religious liberty requires active defense against authoritarian overreach, though primarily focused internationally. Following his 2023 departure from Congress and 2025 confirmation as IRS Commissioner, Long oversaw a July 2025 settlement in National Religious Broadcasters v. Long, where the IRS agreed to limit enforcement of the 1954 Johnson Amendment's ban on partisan political endorsements by tax-exempt religious organizations, allowing clergy to discuss candidates from the pulpit without automatic loss of exempt status if speech remains non-partisan in nature. Supporters hailed the move as restoring First Amendment protections long chilled by the amendment's vague application, while critics, including members of the Congressional Freethought Caucus, argued it erodes church-state separation by enabling taxpayer-subsidized politicking. The settlement, subject to court approval, marked a policy shift prioritizing religious free speech over prior restrictions rarely enforced but often invoked to intimidate houses of worship.

Controversies and Criticisms

IRS Nomination Scrutiny

Former U.S. Representative Billy Long faced significant scrutiny during his nomination by President Donald Trump to serve as Commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service in early 2025. Critics, primarily Democratic senators, highlighted Long's limited experience in tax administration, noting he had not served on the House Ways and Means Committee and lacked prior roles in IRS operations or tax policy enforcement. A major point of contention was Long's involvement with controversial tax credit programs post-Congress. After leaving office in 2023, Long promoted a tax credit claimed to be nonexistent or fraud-ridden, reportedly bragging about securing $3 million in faulty refunds for associates. He worked for a firm that pitched similar schemes, raising concerns about potential conflicts of interest in leading the agency tasked with auditing such claims. Donations to Long's defunct campaign committees drew further examination, with $137,000 received shortly after his nomination from seven companies tied to questionable tax credit initiatives, allegedly used to pay off personal debts. Senators Elizabeth Warren and Ron Wyden questioned whether these contributions aimed to influence Long's regulatory decisions at the IRS. Long denied any impropriety during his May 2025 Senate Finance Committee confirmation hearing, where he was grilled on these ties and his past advocacy for abolishing the IRS. Additional criticism emerged over a reportedly lax FBI background check, with Wyden citing court documents implicating Long in a potential bribery conspiracy related to tax schemes, though these allegations remained unproven at the time. Despite the partisan nature of much opposition—Democrats unanimously voted against confirmation—the Senate approved Long on June 12, 2025, by a 53-44 vote along party lines.

Ties to Tax Credit Programs and Donations

During his Senate confirmation hearing for IRS commissioner on May 20, 2025, Billy Long faced questions about his promotion of a "tribal tax credit" purportedly offered by White River Energy Corp., an Arkansas-based oil and gas firm; the IRS had confirmed in March 2025 that no such federal tax credit existed, deeming it fraudulent with potential for promoter prosecutions. Long acknowledged receiving over $65,000 for referring individuals to claim the credit via Capital Edge Strategies and White River, but maintained he believed it was legitimate at the time and had not heard directly from IRS officials contradicting it. Senators also scrutinized Long's campaign ties to entities involved in tax credit schemes, including allegations he promoted Employee Retention Tax Credit (ERTC) claims aggressively, such as advising a funeral home during the COVID-19 pandemic that "everybody qualifies," despite many such claims later ruled ineligible by the IRS. Long denied soliciting improper influence or perceiving the credits as invalid, asserting compliance with Federal Election Commission rules. Post-nomination donations drew particular concern, with Long's defunct Senate campaign receiving approximately $137,000—largely from executives at firms accused of peddling fraudulent tax credits—enabling repayment of a $130,000 personal loan he had made to the committee. In December 2024 and January 2025, seven companies with no prior contributions in at least two years donated roughly $165,000 to his Senate campaign and $45,000 to his leadership PAC; several, including White River Energy, were linked to the disputed tax credit promotions.
CompanyTies to Tax Credits or Schemes
Czuchry Law Firm, LLCQuestioned for post-nomination donations potentially seeking IRS influence
Lifetime AdvisorsSame; no prior donations noted
White River EnergyPromoted nonexistent tribal tax credit; IRS deemed fraudulent
Nepsis, Inc.Questioned for timing and influence concerns
Tavola GroupSame; linked to defunct campaign funding
Champion Health, Inc.Potential conflict in health-related tax matters
Versatile Insurance Services LLCQuestioned amid bribery law violation suspicions
Senators Elizabeth Warren, Ron Wyden, and Sheldon Whitehouse, in letters dated May 15, 2025, pressed these firms on whether donations aimed to sway Long's IRS oversight, citing risks of anti-bribery law violations and conflicts given the companies' tax-related interests. Additional scrutiny referenced court documents from a guilty plea by D.A. Jones, identifying a "U.S. Representative #1"—allegedly Long—in a scheme involving political donations exchanged for kickbacks, though Long has not been charged and denied any quid pro quo.

Other Political Disputes

In 2025, Senate Finance Committee Ranking Member Ron Wyden alleged that Long was implicated in a bribery scheme involving a healthcare company in Missouri's 7th congressional district during his tenure in the House, citing court documents from a lobbyist's guilty plea. The lobbyist, who received a one-year prison sentence for facilitating bribes to influence legislation, had interactions with Long outlined in the plea agreement, though Long denied any wrongdoing and no charges were filed against him. Democrats, including Wyden, highlighted the FBI's allegedly inadequate background check on Long prior to his IRS confirmation, but Senate Republicans dismissed the claims as unsubstantiated partisan attacks and proceeded with confirmation on a 53-44 party-line vote. Long's brief tenure as IRS Commissioner ended abruptly on August 8, 2025, following internal clashes with the Trump administration over the agency's refusal to share certain taxpayer data with Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). The dispute centered on IRS assertions that federal privacy laws barred disclosure of immigrants' tax information for enforcement purposes, prompting White House pressure that Long and agency officials resisted, leading to his removal and replacement by Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent on an interim basis. Critics from conservative circles speculated the ouster reflected Long's prioritization of bureaucratic constraints over immigration priorities, while Democrats viewed it as evidence of administrative instability; Long was subsequently nominated as ambassador to Iceland.

Awards and Recognitions

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  104. https://missouriindependent.com/briefs/missouris-billy-long-grilled-over-donations-tax-credits-in-senate-confirmation-hearing/
  105. https://americansfortaxfairness.org/senate-gop-confirms-billy-long-anti-irs-extremist-agencys-chief/
  106. https://www.finance.senate.gov/ranking-members-news/wyden-blasts-lax-fbi-background-check-of-irs-nominee-billy-long-sounds-alarm-over-court-documents-implicating-long-in-major-bribery-conspiracy
  107. https://www.finance.senate.gov/ranking-members-news/ahead-of-confirmation-vote-wyden-urges-senate-to-reject-billy-long-nomination-keep-trumps-corruption-out-of-irs
  108. https://www.congress.gov/congressional-record/volume-171/issue-101/senate-section/article/S3364-2
  109. https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2025/08/09/trump-administration-irs-data-dispute/
  110. https://thehill.com/homenews/administration/5449180-treasury-clashes-irs-commissioner/
  111. https://www.politico.com/news/2025/08/08/billy-long-irs-commissioner-trump-00500365
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