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Bisphosphonate
Bisphosphonates are a class of drugs that prevent the loss of bone density, used to treat osteoporosis and similar diseases. They are the most commonly prescribed to treat osteoporosis.
Evidence shows that they reduce the risk of fracture in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis.
Bone tissue undergoes constant remodeling and is kept in balance (homeostasis) by osteoblasts creating bone and osteoclasts destroying bone. Bisphosphonates inhibit the digestion of bone by encouraging osteoclasts to undergo apoptosis, or cell death, thereby slowing bone loss.
The uses of bisphosphonates include the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia, and other conditions that exhibit bone fragility.
The term bisphosphonate refers to the presence two phosphonate (PO2(OH)−) groups. They are also called diphosphonates (bis- or di- + phosphonate). The PO2(OH)− groups readily lose an additional proton, giving (PO2−3 groups, which have a particularly high affinity for metal ions.
They are structurally close analogues of pyrophosphate (abbreviated PPi).. Like pyrophosphate, bisphosphonates inhibit the growth and dissolution of bone. Unlike pyrophosphate, bis(phosphonates) are very stable in aqueous solution. They resist breakdown by hydrolysis because the P-C-P or P-N-P linkages are more robust than P-O-P linkages. Bis(phosponate)s are proposed to interfere with osteoclasts, which cause bone resorption.
Bisphosphonates are used to treat osteoporosis, osteitis deformans (Paget's disease of the bone), bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, and other conditions involving fragile, breakable bone.
In osteoporosis and Paget's, the most popular first-line bisphosphonate drugs are alendronate and risedronate. If these are ineffective or if the person develops digestive tract problems, intravenous pamidronate may be used. Strontium ranelate or teriparatide are used for refractory disease. The use of strontium ranelate is restricted because of increased risk of venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism and serious cardiovascular disorders, including myocardial infarction. In postmenopausal women, the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene is occasionally administered instead of bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates are beneficial in reducing the risk of vertebral fracture in steroid induced osteoporosis.
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Bisphosphonate
Bisphosphonates are a class of drugs that prevent the loss of bone density, used to treat osteoporosis and similar diseases. They are the most commonly prescribed to treat osteoporosis.
Evidence shows that they reduce the risk of fracture in post-menopausal women with osteoporosis.
Bone tissue undergoes constant remodeling and is kept in balance (homeostasis) by osteoblasts creating bone and osteoclasts destroying bone. Bisphosphonates inhibit the digestion of bone by encouraging osteoclasts to undergo apoptosis, or cell death, thereby slowing bone loss.
The uses of bisphosphonates include the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, Paget's disease of bone, bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, primary hyperparathyroidism, osteogenesis imperfecta, fibrous dysplasia, and other conditions that exhibit bone fragility.
The term bisphosphonate refers to the presence two phosphonate (PO2(OH)−) groups. They are also called diphosphonates (bis- or di- + phosphonate). The PO2(OH)− groups readily lose an additional proton, giving (PO2−3 groups, which have a particularly high affinity for metal ions.
They are structurally close analogues of pyrophosphate (abbreviated PPi).. Like pyrophosphate, bisphosphonates inhibit the growth and dissolution of bone. Unlike pyrophosphate, bis(phosphonates) are very stable in aqueous solution. They resist breakdown by hydrolysis because the P-C-P or P-N-P linkages are more robust than P-O-P linkages. Bis(phosponate)s are proposed to interfere with osteoclasts, which cause bone resorption.
Bisphosphonates are used to treat osteoporosis, osteitis deformans (Paget's disease of the bone), bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, and other conditions involving fragile, breakable bone.
In osteoporosis and Paget's, the most popular first-line bisphosphonate drugs are alendronate and risedronate. If these are ineffective or if the person develops digestive tract problems, intravenous pamidronate may be used. Strontium ranelate or teriparatide are used for refractory disease. The use of strontium ranelate is restricted because of increased risk of venous thromboembolism, pulmonary embolism and serious cardiovascular disorders, including myocardial infarction. In postmenopausal women, the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene is occasionally administered instead of bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates are beneficial in reducing the risk of vertebral fracture in steroid induced osteoporosis.