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Chuck Blazer
Chuck Blazer
Chuck Blazer
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Charles Gordon Blazer (April 26, 1945 – July 12, 2017) was an American soccer administrator, who held a number of high level positions before becoming a government informant on widespread corruption within organized soccer and subsequently being banned by FIFA in 2015. He was a FIFA Executive Committee member from 1996 to 2013, the CONCACAF general secretary from 1990 to 2011, and executive vice president of the U.S. Soccer Federation.

Key Information

In 2013, Blazer admitted to conspiring with other FIFA executive committee members to accept bribes in conjunction with the failed bid of Morocco and the successful bid of South Africa to become World Cup hosts in 1998 and 2010, respectively. His admissions came during testimony given at a sealed sentencing proceeding in a New York federal court.[4][5]

Early life

[edit]

Blazer grew up in a middle-class New York City Jewish family in the borough of Queens, where his father ran a stationery and newspaper shop.[6] He attended Forest Hills High School and then took an accountancy degree at New York University. After graduating, he enrolled at NYU's Stern School of Business but did not complete his MBA.[7][8] He then spent a number of years selling promotional and marketing items; a first success was supplying buttons for the Smiley craze in the 1970s. When his son started playing youth soccer in Westchester County, New York, in 1976, Blazer started coaching the team even though he had never played the game. He is remembered as a skillful and active administrator, more interested in organizing than coaching. He advanced in youth soccer administration up to the Eastern New York State Soccer Association.[7]

Career

[edit]

In 1984, persuading Pelé to campaign for him, he was elected to the United States Soccer Federation as executive vice president in charge of international competition. In the next two years the US men's soccer team played 19 matches, having played only two in the two years before Blazer's election. While with U.S. soccer, Blazer played a central role in the decision to make the successful bid for the 1994 World Cup. Also during this time, the U.S. women's soccer team was formed. Blazer's position gave him a seat on the board of CONCACAF, where he met Jack Warner. In 1986, after failing to win re-election, he co-founded the American Soccer League, running it from his home.[9] It lasted only two years, with Blazer being forced out by the owners who felt they had been kept in the dark about finances. He became president of the Miami Sharks, taking control of the finances, only to leave precipitously after five months in May 1989.[7]

In 1989, Blazer convinced Jack Warner to run for CONCACAF president. Blazer managed Warner's successful campaign and was then appointed General Secretary.[10] He was the General Secretary of CONCACAF from 1990 until 2011.[11] He was a member of the FIFA Executive Committee from 1996 to April 2013, when Sunil Gulati was elected to replace him.[12][13]

Corruption allegations and conviction

[edit]
See also: 2015 FIFA corruption case

In May 2011, in response to allegations of bribery made by national representatives attending a May 10 meeting of the Caribbean Football Union (CFU), Blazer initiated an investigation of AFC President Mohammed bin Hammam and FIFA Vice President Jack Warner. The investigation was conducted by John P. Collins, former United States federal prosecutor and FIFA Legal Committee member. Its submission led to FIFA's May 29, 2011, suspension of Warner and Bin Hammam from all soccer activities, pending the outcome of FIFA's own investigation and procedures.[14][15][16] Acting CONCACAF president Lisle Austin attempted to fire Blazer five days later, but the action was blocked by the CONCACAF executive committee.[17][18] On June 15, 2011, Blazer was questioned by the FIFA Ethics Committee.[19]

On August 14, 2011, journalist Andrew Jennings noted in the British newspaper The Independent that the FBI was examining documentary evidence revealing confidential soccer payments to offshore accounts operated by Blazer.[20] Blazer began working undercover for the FBI in December 2011.[21]

On April 19, 2013, Blazer and Jack Warner were accused of massive fraud during their years as CONCACAF executives. A forensic audit by the organization's Integrity Committee determined that both men had functioned without a written contract from 1998 until their respective departures, and that Blazer had received US$15 million in commissions for his services during that timeframe.[22] An anonymous government source expected that an ongoing FBI investigation into Blazer's finances would be expanded significantly and joined by the IRS.[23] In May 2013, Blazer was suspended for 90 days.[24]

On November 1, 2014, it was reported (by the New York Daily News[25]) that Blazer had been a confidential informant for the FBI and the IRS, and recorded key meetings between executives for FIFA and for the 2012 Summer Olympics. Blazer was compelled to inform for the FBI and IRS after they uncovered more than a decade of unpaid taxes on hidden, multimillion-dollar incomes.[26] On May 27, 2015, several FIFA officials were arrested in Zurich, with Blazer having been a key cooperating witness in the investigation that led to the arrests.[27] In exchange for his cooperation, Blazer agreed to plead guilty to charges that include racketeering, wire fraud, income tax evasion, and money laundering.[28] Blazer died before being sentenced. The delay in sentencing was caused by the decisions of his co-defendants to go to trial.[29]

On June 3, 2015, the transcript of a closed sentencing proceeding (which occurred in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York on November 25, 2013) was unsealed and made public.[30] In his 2013 testimony, Blazer admitted to conspiring with other FIFA Executive Committee members to accept bribes in conjunction with the selection of 1998 and 2010 World Cup hosts. On July 9, 2015, Blazer received a lifetime ban from FIFA from all soccer-related activity.[31]

Personal life

[edit]

Blazer was married from 1965 to 1995.[32]

Death

[edit]

Blazer died on July 12, 2017, of colorectal cancer at a New Jersey hospital at the age of 72.[33][34] At the time of his death, he also had coronary artery disease and diabetes.[35]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Chuck Blazer

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Charles "Chuck" Blazer (c. 1945 – July 12, 2017) was an American soccer executive who rose to prominence as general secretary of the Confederation of North, Central America and Caribbean Association Football (CONCACAF) from 1990 to 2011 and as a member of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) Executive Committee from 1996 to 2013. In these roles, Blazer engaged in systemic corruption, including accepting bribes for media and marketing rights deals and influencing World Cup hosting decisions, amassing undeclared income exceeding $10 million through racketeering, wire fraud, and money laundering. Facing U.S. tax evasion probes in 2011, Blazer secretly cooperated with the FBI as a key informant, wearing recording devices to capture incriminating conversations among FIFA officials, which precipitated the 2015 indictments of dozens of executives and contributed to the ouster of FIFA president Sepp Blatter. He pleaded guilty in 2013 to multiple federal charges, receiving a deferred sentence in exchange for his testimony, and was permanently banned from soccer activities by FIFA's ethics committee. Blazer succumbed to colorectal cancer at age 72, having also battled diabetes and coronary artery disease.

Early Life and Business Background

Childhood and Education

Charles Gordon Blazer was born on April 26, 1945, in to Abe and Edna Blazer, whose small businesses included a luncheonette and stationery store. He grew up in the Rego Park section of , where his parents also ran a . Blazer attended Forest Hills High School in before pursuing higher education. He earned a in accounting from in 1965. This academic background in a quantitative field laid an early foundation in financial and business principles that influenced his subsequent career path.

Pre-Soccer Career Ventures

Following his graduation with an accounting degree from in the late , Blazer joined his wife's family's button-manufacturing business in , New York, where he shifted focus toward sales of promotional and novelty items. A pivotal early success came in 1970 when Blazer capitalized on the emerging Smiley Face craze by producing and supplying yellow smiley face buttons and badges from the Queens factory, riding the wave of a fad that originated from a 1963 design but exploded in popularity during the 1970s through mass-market merchandise like pins and stickers. This venture demonstrated his knack for identifying trends and scaling production for quick revenue, though Blazer later exaggerated his role by claiming invention of the design, which predated his involvement. Blazer expanded into broader marketing promotions, securing deals to create branded merchandise and event tie-ins for companies such as (makers of ), Kentucky Fried Chicken, and . He arranged promotional "fly-ins" partnering with local radio stations to distribute novelty goods and corporate swag, building a network of revenue streams through high-volume sales of buttons, patches, and other customizable items targeted at events and sales incentives. These activities honed his skills in partnerships and opportunistic deal-making, generating profits from novelty-driven consumer trends without reliance on long-term contracts.

Soccer Administration Career

Entry into U.S. Soccer

Chuck Blazer entered U.S. soccer administration in the early 1980s as a grassroots volunteer while coaching his son, drawn by the sport's untapped commercial potential in America. By that decade's start, he held a regional executive position with the United States Soccer Federation (USSF), which provided a platform for broader influence. In 1984, at age 39, Blazer sponsored the USSF's annual convention through his role in the Eastern New York State Soccer Association, using the event to network with delegates and secure endorsement from Pelé, leading to his election as USSF Executive Vice President responsible for international competition. He served in that capacity from 1984 to 1986, applying his prior sales and marketing experience from business ventures to promote the U.S. men's national team amid rising domestic interest in soccer. Blazer aggressively expanded national team scheduling, pressuring promoters to host more matches and breaking from USSF's conservative traditions; this effort boosted games from two between 1981 and 1983 to 19 within under two years after 1984. Following his EVP term, he chaired the USSF national teams committee, further solidifying his influence as a non-athlete administrator focused on commercial growth. By the late , Blazer had cultivated extensive networks in American soccer circles, including alliances with figures like Clive Toye; in , they co-founded the American Soccer League, with Blazer appointed as its commissioner to revive professional outdoor play. As a USSF leader, Blazer contributed to the federation's successful bid for the by advocating for the pursuit and aiding in logistical and revenue-planning preparations, which helped position the event as a catalyst for soccer's expansion in . His efforts emphasized the tournament's potential for ticket sales, sponsorships, and infrastructure development to generate substantial income.

CONCACAF Leadership

Chuck Blazer was appointed general secretary of in April 1990 by newly elected president Jack Warner, a position he held until 2011, overseeing day-to-day operations of the confederation. At the time, functioned as a low-budget entity with an annual revenue of approximately $140,000, limited staff, and headquarters in . Blazer modernized administrative functions by relocating the headquarters to in New York, enabling more professional management and access to U.S.-based commercial opportunities. Blazer drove revenue expansion by negotiating sponsorship deals, television rights, and event hosting agreements, transforming from a minimally funded organization into a multimillion-dollar entity. He initiated the Gold Cup in 1991 as a premier biennial national team tournament, alongside enhancements to the annual Champions League for clubs, which collectively elevated regional visibility and generated income streams from media and commercial partners. These efforts yielded an initial revenue jump to about $1 million by 1991—a sevenfold increase—and propelled annual figures to over $40 million by the early 2000s, peaking at $60 million in 2011 against $31 million in expenses. While Blazer's personal control over financial records facilitated rapid scaling, these practices were later scrutinized for opacity, as a 2013 report highlighted insufficient oversight and transparency in accounting and fund allocation. Despite such criticisms, his tenure marked a foundational shift toward structured commercial operations within the confederation.

FIFA Executive Committee Involvement

Chuck Blazer was elected to the Executive Committee in January by a 5-2 vote of the executive committee, marking him as the first American to serve on soccer's global governing body's top decision-making panel. Representing , he held the position from until 2013, participating in votes on key governance matters including tournament formats, confederation expansions, and resource allocations. As the sole U.S. representative during his tenure, Blazer advanced North American and broader non-European confederation interests within FIFA's predominantly European-influenced structure. He contributed to discussions on balancing representation across confederations, supporting adjustments to quotas that aimed to enhance inclusivity for regions like in global competitions and decision-making. His role involved advocating for policies that addressed disparities in influence, though specific outcomes often reflected the committee's collective dynamics rather than individual sway.

Contributions to Soccer Growth

Expansion in North America

Blazer served as a pivotal figure in the launch of (MLS) in 1996, leveraging his position as executive vice president of the (USSF) to support marketing initiatives and attract investors in the wake of heightened interest following the . His involvement helped transition professional soccer from fragmented indoor and regional leagues to a structured outdoor professional entity, with MLS commencing operations on April 6, 1996, featuring 10 inaugural teams and drawing initial average attendances of over 17,000 per match. Through his role as general secretary from 1990 to , Blazer negotiated early sponsorships and television rights deals that bolstered organizational revenues, enabling investments in regional infrastructure such as training facilities and competitive platforms. 's annual income expanded from approximately $140,000 prior to his tenure to over $60 million by , with key contributions from commercial partnerships that funded youth development and amateur leagues across . Blazer's advocacy for initiatives, building on his background as a soccer coach in New York, aligned with measurable upticks in participation, as U.S. Soccer Federation-registered players grew from around 2 million in the early to more than 3 million by , reflecting broader scaling and program accessibility in the region. These efforts included promoting amateur competitions under USSF and auspices, which correlated with sustained growth in regional tournaments and facility development.

Key Events and Revenue Initiatives

Blazer played a pivotal role in securing the hosting rights for the in the United States, leveraging his position in U.S. Soccer and to facilitate the successful bid and oversee commercial arrangements. The tournament, held from June 17 to July 17, 1994, marked a financial milestone, with reporting a net profit of nearly $100 million beyond the U.S. organizing committee's $60 million surplus, driven by expanded commercial rights sales and attendance exceeding 3.5 million spectators across nine venues. This influx directly catalyzed revenue growth for , transitioning the confederation from limited funds to a foundation for sustained expansion in North American soccer infrastructure and broadcasting interest. In parallel, Blazer spearheaded the creation and evolution of the , inaugurating the inaugural edition on July 8, 1991, in as a biennial regional championship to engage member nations beyond sporadic qualifiers. Designed to fill competitive voids and attract commercial partners, the tournament quickly proved viable, multiplying CONCACAF's annual revenues sevenfold to $1 million in its debut year through ticket sales, initial sponsorships, and television exposure. By , during a Gold Cup hosting cycle, confederation revenues reached $60 million against $31 million in expenses, establishing the event as a primary funding engine that supported national team development and federation operations across North and Central America. Blazer's negotiation of television and sponsorship contracts further amplified these gains, including a 2005 agreement for U.S. to the 2010 and 2014 World Cups bundled with other , and a broader 1990s deal among , , and valued at $425 million that encompassed events and MLS matches. These pacts empirically elevated soccer's visibility, with increased funding correlating to higher investment in youth programs and infrastructure, as evidenced by 's asset growth to over $45 million by 2010 and sustained broadcaster commitments that outpaced prior regional tournaments.

Corruption Involvement

Nature of Financial Wrongdoing

Blazer's financial wrongdoings centered on racketeering conspiracy, where he participated in an ongoing criminal enterprise involving the solicitation and acceptance of secret payments in exchange for exerting influence over soccer governance decisions, including media and marketing rights allocations. He admitted to these acts spanning from the , utilizing his positions at and to facilitate the scheme. Central to his practices were wire fraud and , through which he diverted organizational funds via undeclared side agreements and shell entities, routing proceeds to accounts to conceal their illicit origins. Blazer employed his accounting background to channel millions in CONCACAF revenues through these opaque structures, evading detection and taxes on the gains. Payments for influence were often structured as kickbacks, funneled through intermediaries or family-controlled entities to further obscure trails and avoid reporting requirements. The scale of these operations generated substantial unreported income, with Blazer conceding over $11 million in hidden earnings from 2005 to 2010 alone, subject to and penalties. This illicit revenue far exceeded his disclosed compensation, enabling expenditures on luxury assets inconsistent with official salaries, such as high-end maintained via shell holdings. He forfeited approximately $1.9 million upon initial plea as partial restitution for laundered funds.

Specific Bribery Incidents

Blazer admitted in his 2013 guilty plea to facilitating the acceptance of bribes by Executive Committee members in connection with the selection of as host for the . In or around 1992, he and an unnamed co-conspirator traveled to , where a representative of the Moroccan bid committee offered a bribe to the co-conspirator in exchange for their votes favoring over . Despite this offer, Blazer and the co-conspirator supported , which won the vote 12-7 on July 1, 1994; the bribe was nonetheless accepted as part of the conspiracy to solicit payments from bidding nations seeking influence. This incident exemplified early patterns of vote-selling among committee members, where financial incentives were pursued regardless of the ultimate vote outcome. For the , Blazer confessed to participating in a where he and other Executive Committee members agreed to accept bribes tied to the selection process. These payments were linked to the awarding of hosting rights to , which secured the bid on December 4, 2004, over competitors including . Blazer's involvement included coordinating with co-conspirators to receive undisclosed sums from entities seeking to sway votes, contributing to the 's success in directing the tournament to . Blazer's bribery activities often involved collaboration with Jack Warner, his longtime associate, in broader schemes that intersected with bidding influence efforts. While Warner was not a direct Executive Committee voter for the 1998 or 2010 selections, their joint operations facilitated the flow of illicit payments within FIFA's North American and sphere, including attempts to leverage regional alliances for vote blocs. These partnerships were empirically tied to manipulated outcomes through documented agreements and payments, as detailed in Blazer's admissions of conspiracies spanning multiple tournaments.

Cooperation with U.S. Authorities

Blazer initiated cooperation with U.S. federal authorities in 2011 after being confronted by the FBI and IRS over his unreported income and tax evasion, agreeing to serve as a confidential informant to mitigate potential charges against him. This arrangement stemmed from an ongoing IRS investigation into his finances, which had escalated to FBI involvement by early 2011, prompting Blazer to provide insider access to FIFA's operations. From December 2011 onward, he conducted secret recordings of conversations with FIFA executives, including during the 2012 London Olympics using devices like a keyfob microphone, capturing discussions on bribe allocations and corrupt practices. These recordings and Blazer's debriefings, spanning 19 meetings with prosecutors between December 11, 2011, and November 13, 2013, furnished critical evidence of and wire within , including explicit talks of multimillion-dollar bribes tied to media and rights. His informant role extended over approximately 18 months while he remained on 's Executive Committee, enabling him to document systemic graft without arousing suspicion among colleagues. The materials he gathered highlighted entrenched , such as vote-buying schemes for hosting bids, which prosecutors later described as foundational to building cases against international soccer officials. Blazer's contributions directly facilitated the U.S. Department of Justice's 2015 indictments of at least nine FIFA officials and five corporate executives on charges including and , with his recordings providing verifiable proof of illicit agreements. This evidence supported broader probes that exposed FIFA's culture of , aiding in the forfeiture of over $190 million in assets by 2019 through related prosecutions. His disclosures underscored causal links between executive-level decisions and financial misconduct, influencing subsequent international investigations into soccer governance.

Guilty Plea and Consequences

On November 25, 2013, Blazer entered a guilty in a sealed federal courtroom in to ten counts, including , wire , wire , , and failure to report foreign bank accounts, stemming from his involvement in and schemes. These charges carried potential sentences totaling up to 75 years in , but Blazer's agreement incorporated provisions for leniency tied to his ongoing assistance to authorities. As part of the , Blazer immediately forfeited $1.96 million in assets and committed to additional forfeitures to be calculated at sentencing, encompassing properties, vehicles, and undeclared income exceeding $10 million upon which he had evaded taxes. Sentencing was deferred indefinitely due to his substantial cooperation and deteriorating health; during the 2013 plea hearing, Blazer disclosed undergoing for rectal cancer, which federal judge Raymond Dearie cited as a alongside his role in averting incarceration. Blazer died on July 12, 2017, at age 72 from at a hospital, prior to any formal sentencing or trial resolution, effectively closing his case under the plea terms that granted partial immunity for provided evidence. His estate fulfilled remaining forfeiture obligations, reflecting the U.S. Department of Justice's emphasis on restitution over given his terminal condition and contributions to the broader investigation.

Personal Life

Family and Relationships

Blazer married Susan Aufox, his high school sweetheart, in the early 1960s following his time at New York University. The couple had two children: daughter Marci, born in 1968, and son Jason, born in 1970. Their marriage ended in divorce in 1995. Following the divorce, Blazer entered a long-term relationship with actress and author Mary Lynn Blanks, reconnecting with her in 2002; Blanks and her sons subsequently moved in with him. Public information on Blazer's family remains limited, with the family maintaining a low profile amid his professional prominence and later legal scrutiny. Blazer also cultivated close associations with soccer executives like Jack Warner, whose professional partnership evolved into personal familiarity through shared travels and events.

Lifestyle and Health Decline

Blazer resided in a luxurious in , New York, which cost approximately $18,000 per month and offered views of . He also rented a separate $6,000-per-month in the same building primarily to house his numerous cats, which were described as unruly and required dedicated space due to their behavior and number. In his later years, Blazer experienced significant health challenges, including and . He was diagnosed with rectal cancer, which he disclosed during a November 2013 federal court hearing where he entered guilty pleas; at that time, he described his cancer prognosis as good despite ongoing treatments. These conditions contributed to his physical decline, with reports noting severe that impaired his mobility to the point where he relied on mobility scooters for movement. By the mid-2010s, Blazer's health issues led to a more reclusive existence, exacerbated by his medical needs and limited public appearances.

Legacy

Achievements in Soccer Development

As general secretary of from 1990 to 2011, Blazer oversaw the confederation's relocation to , which facilitated expanded operations and commercial partnerships. Under his leadership, 's annual revenue increased from approximately $140,000 to $60 million by 2011, with expenses at $31 million, transforming the organization from a modestly funded entity dominated by into a competitive regional body capable of hosting major events. Blazer conceived and launched the in 1991 as a biennial national-team championship to provide more competitive opportunities beyond cycles, securing as the initial broadcaster. The inaugural tournament generated over $1 million in revenue, a sevenfold increase from the previous year, and by had evolved into CONCACAF's primary revenue source through expanded sponsorships and television rights. Blazer played a central role in the United States Soccer Federation's successful bid to host the , the first time the event was held in the U.S., which drew record attendance of over 3.5 million spectators and significantly boosted domestic interest in the sport. FIFA conditioned the hosting on establishing a professional league, directly contributing to the founding of (MLS) in 1996, which provided a sustainable structure for player development and fan engagement, leading to sustained growth in youth participation and professional infrastructure. In , became the first American elected to 's executive committee in nearly 50 years, providing with a consistent voice in global decision-making and advocating for in-house management of television rights, which yielded a $631 million profit from 2007 to 2010. His position helped elevate CONCACAF's influence, correlating with increased regional funding and event hosting opportunities that amplified non-European confederations' participation in international competitions.

Criticisms of Corruption and Systemic Issues

Blazer's protracted involvement in FIFA's executive committee from onward exemplified the organization's cronyistic culture, where entrenched insiders leveraged positions for personal enrichment through opaque deals and undisclosed benefits, often prioritizing alliances over accountability. As one of the longest-serving members, he amassed significant wealth from the very he later documented, cooperating only after U.S. authorities confronted him with evidence of his own , , and in late 2010. Critics contend this pattern reflects FIFA's systemic tolerance for , where executives like Blazer operated with for decades, exploiting the federation's decentralized structure and weak internal audits to sustain a facade of legitimacy. His transition to informant status, involving secret recordings from 2011 to 2013 that implicated dozens of officials, facilitated major indictments but sparked debate over its authenticity as . Rather than initiating exposure voluntarily, Blazer's assistance stemmed from agreements tied to his personal legal survival, leading some to view him as opportunistic rather than redemptive, with his testimony selectively emphasizing others' faults while minimizing his foundational role in the graft. This coerced cooperation, while catalyzing accountability—including Sepp Blatter's 2015 —underscored questions about reliability in exposing entrenched networks, as Blazer's prior complicity eroded perceptions of impartiality. Ultimately, Blazer's trajectory highlights FIFA's deeper governance pathologies, where explosive commercial growth—from $1.2 billion in 1998 revenues to over $4 billion by —obscured pervasive until extraterritorial U.S. pierced the organization's in 2015. The federation's reliance on voting blocs and minimal external oversight enabled to thrive, with insiders like Blazer benefiting from unchecked patronage until indictment forced reckoning, revealing how internal reforms had repeatedly failed to curb "rampant, systemic" malfeasance. This external intervention exposed the causal disconnect between FIFA's self-congratulatory narrative of global expansion and its tolerance for elite self-interest, prompting ongoing scrutiny of whether post-scandal changes address root incentives for .

References

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  48. https://www.mlssoccer.com/news/legacy-1991-how-united-states-shocked-concacaf-won-first-ever-gold-cup-word
  49. https://www.starsandstripesfc.com/2025/5/23/24435885/fifa-world-cup-1994-usa-united-states-usmnt-2026-canada-mexico-mls-host-venues
  50. https://digital.library.txst.edu/items/556f9482-21ed-4182-b680-666fd4aafce1
  51. https://www.espn.com/soccer/story/_/id/37478213/chuck-blazer-former-fifa-exco-member-leaves-complex-legacy-corruption
  52. https://www.si.com/soccer/2017/07/13/chuck-blazer-death-legacy-corruption-fifa-concacaf-us-soccer-mls
  53. https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/fifa-reforms-seven-years-on-1.6678744
  54. https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/video/fifa-kickbacks-world-cup-corruption
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