Born into a prominent family; his father was a respected Lutheran bishop. This familial context strongly influenced his early intellectual and spiritual development.

Swedenborg remained a lifelong bachelor. There is no documented evidence of romantic relationships or marriage proposals. Some scholars believe he dedicated himself so thoroughly to his intellectual and spiritual pursuits that he did not have time for romantic commitments. Others speculate that his spiritual experiences led him to a different understanding of human relationships.

His social standing provided him access to intellectual circles and influential figures. While he was sometimes perceived as eccentric after his spiritual awakening, he maintained relationships with members of the Swedish nobility, scholars, and theologians.

In his later years, especially after focusing solely on theological writings, Swedenborg led a more solitary life. While he engaged in discussions about his ideas, he appeared content to focus on his writings and claimed spiritual experiences.

There is evidence he was very close to his sister Anna, and stayed with her often, and was particularly fond of his nephews and nieces.