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Joe Mangel
Neighbours character
Joe as he appeared in 2005
Portrayed byMark Little
Duration1988–1991, 2005, 2022
First appearance8 August 1988 (1988-08-08)
Last appearance28 July 2022 (2022-07-28)
ClassificationFormer; regular
Created byRay Kolle
Introduced byDon Battye (1988)
Ric Pellizzeri (2005)
Jason Herbison (2022)

Joe as he appeared in his early years (1989)
In-universe information
Other namesWalter Joseph Mangel
OccupationGardener
Construction worker
Handyman
FatherLen Mangel
MotherNell Mangel
SistersAmanda Harris
WifeNoeline Mangel (backstory)
Kerry Bishop (1989–1990)
Melanie Pearson (1991–; divorced)
SonsToby Mangel
Adoptive daughtersSky Mangel
GrandsonsScotty (adoptive)
GranddaughtersKerry Mangel (adoptive)
UnclesCedric Mangel
AuntsIsabelle
NiecesJane Harris

Joe Mangel is a fictional character from the Australian Network Ten soap opera Neighbours, played by Mark Little. He debuted on-screen in the episode airing on 8 August 1988. Joe left in 1991 when Little departed the serial. In 2005 Little agreed to reprise the role as part of Neighbours' twentieth anniversary celebrations and remained for four months. Joe's storylines included his bad relationship with his mother, being widowed, life as a single parent and a custody battle to keep his child. Joe is deemed a stereotype Australian man and a likable rogue character. Little returned to Neighbours in 2022 to celebrate the show's final episode.

Casting

[edit]

Actor Mark Little joined the cast of Neighbours in 1988. He took up the offer to play Joe Mangel, after being blacklisted from various work opportunities due to his strong ties to the union and the "overtly political nature" of his solo theatre shows.[1] The role was originally intended to last for three months. Of how he approached the part, Little wrote "I committed myself to the task. And I made the idea more palatable by deciding that I would treat it as a pop art experiment, after all, no one was watching. Little did I know that I would be dabbling with similar themes as Mary Shelley's Frankenstein. Like Dr. Frankenstein, I was about to create a pop monster. The wild man, Joe Mangel".[1] Little's contract was later extended.[1]

Development

[edit]

Characterisation

[edit]

On Joe's arrival it became apparent that he was nothing like his mother Nell Mangel (Vivean Gray).[2] Joe has been described as an "unreconstructed oaf who likes drinking beer", he is green fingered and loves gardening and also acts brutish.[2] He also has a love for betting and likes to keep up with the status quo.[2] Many of Joe's traits annoyed other residents, with Nell and Dorothy Burke (Maggie Dence) constantly trying to make Joe behave himself and change his ways. He would often clash with his niece Jane Harris (Annie Jones) who also hated Joe's love for loud music, football and beer drinking.[2] When his son Toby (Ben Guerens) came to live with him he had a hard time adjusting to fatherhood and saw it as a chore at first, later he began to realise Toby's clever potential, he became proud and transformed into a good father.[2] Through his relationship with Kerry Bishop (Linda Hartley-Clark), Joe was portrayed as being the complete opposite of her, he remained acting out his blunt and sometimes selfish ways, however, he truly loved her.[2]

Little has branded Joe as a "massive character" within the serial, also stating that viewers still have enormous affection for him due to his storylines.[3] In an interview with the newspaper Derby Telegraph, Little described his persona and links to the British public stating: "He was a single dad, struggling to get along, a bit of a battler. He appealed to the English psyche and became a bit of a folk hero".[4] He also spoke about Joe still representing the old Australian archetype when he returned in 2005.[4] Little described this change stating: "Joe is like one of a dying breed – I don't know if there are really too many Joe Mangels left. He was a genuine, easy bloke that is dying out. He knew the language. He could have been one of the last Australians!"[5]

Departure and returns

[edit]

Following Kerry's death, writers planned a storyline exploring the parental rights over Joe's step-daughter, Sky Mangel (Miranda Fryer). In December 1990, a writer from TV Week revealed that writers would explore a custody battle between Joe and Sky's biological father, Eric Jensen (John Ley). He wants to take Sky to live with him in New Zealand. The writer added that the storyline would be "heart-wrenching" as Joe feels he cannot "cope with the thought of another blow" after losing Kerry.[6]

In 1991, Little decided to quit the serial when his contract came up for renewal. Network Ten told TV Week that "Mark has been with the show since June 1988 and I think he feels it's time to move on. As with any ongoing drama, it's the nature of the production."[7] Little suffered with typecasting after his departure from the show. He commented, "Joe Mangel was my creation and he rather ungallantly went about stealing my identity in a bizarre case of metaphysical identity theft."[1]

In 2005, Little agreed to reprise his role as Joe in a four-month guest capacity, as part of Neighbours' twentieth anniversary celebrations.[4] Little said that he was not sure if it was a mistake as he felt that Joe no longer fitted in because of Australia's change in culture.[4] The character had changed and Little believed Joe living in the countryside contributed to this. Once "a very suburban" character Joe returns as a "bushie" after living on a cattle station. He added that his character does not blend back into his former lifestyle.[8] In 2008, Little said it was unlikely he would ever return to the show again, describing Joe as "just a fond memory".[9] In 2010, former co-star Janet Andrewartha (who plays Lyn Scully) called for Joe to return for Lyn, also wanting to work with Little again.[10] However, Little gave confirmation that he would not return again because he felt that Joe has "had his time".[3]

On 7 May 2022, Dan Seddon of Digital Spy announced Little had reprised the role for the final episodes of Neighbours following its cancellation.[11] Joe was one of numerous characters reintroduced for the show's end. The "most memorable characters" from each decade were chosen to return and executive producer Jason Herbison explained that it ensured there was "something for everyone as Neighbours draws to a close."[11] The character's return scene airs on 15 July in the UK and 21 July 2022 in Australia.[12] Joe's former father-in-law Harold Bishop (Ian Smith) contacts him via a video call to ask about his relationship with Melanie, who is now engaged to Toadfish Rebecchi (Ryan Moloney).[13] Harold is worried that Melanie will hurt Toadie's children, like he believes she did Toby and Sky when she left. However, Joe admits that he twisted the truth about her behaviour and that he and the children were lucky to have her around.[13]

Storylines

[edit]

Backstory

[edit]

Joe was the youngest child of Nell and Len Mangel (John Lee). In contrast to his studious sister, Amanda (Briony Behets), Joe was laid back and roguish and often disappointed his mother. Joe and Nell's relationship fell apart when Nell found a gun and immediately assumed Joe was involved in a hold-up on a local service station. Joe left home and moved to Darwin and later fell in love with and married Noeline (Lindy McConchie). They had a son called Toby. Joe could not cope with the financial burden of a family and left when Toby was three.

1988–2022

[edit]

While metal detecting, Henry Ramsay (Craig McLachlan) finds a pistol buried in the back yard of Number 32 Ramsay Street. Joe's niece, Jane, who lives there with her grandmother, Nell, asks about the gun. Nell tells her the gun belongs to Joe. Jane, with the help of Henry goes to track Joe down and they find him in Erinsborough. On their first meeting, Joe initially mistakes Jane and Henry for salespeople and slams the door on them. Jane refuses to give up and eventually Joe agrees to see Nell after years of estrangement once the gun was mentioned. The gun issue is resolved but Nell and Joe's relationship takes a while to develop. Joe eventually moves in with his mother.

When Nell begins courting John Worthington (Brian James), Joe is very protective of her. In the end, he sees John loves her and gives the couple his blessing. Joe walks his mother down the aisle on their wedding day. After Nell and John move to England, Joe moves in a lot of his furniture and bonds with Nell's dog Bouncer. Joe receives a shock when his ex-wife Noeline makes a reappearance with Toby (Finn Greentree-Keane), who is now nine. Noeline leaves Toby with Joe, who takes a while to get used to being a father and initially sees Toby as soft. However, Joe eventually warms to Toby. When Noeline arrives to collect Toby, Joe is sad to see him leave. When Toby accidentally spills ketchup on Joe, Ted Vickers (John Jacobs), Noeline's new husband and Toby's stepfather, lunges to strike Toby, but is stopped by Joe who threatens him. Joe is horrified when Toby reveals Ted has been beating both himself and Noeline. After Joe comes to the rescue of his ex-wife and their son, he and Noeline work out an understanding between them.

Joe later begins seeing Kerry Bishop (Linda Hartley), her father Harold (Ian Smith) is not best pleased with that especially when he finds out Kerry had spent the night with Joe. Kerry does not really want to get seriously involved but Joe's quick thinking, when her daughter Sky is bitten by a redback spider while on a picnic, manages to sway her feelings. Joe and Kerry decide to get married alongside their friends Henry and Bronwyn Davies (Rachel Friend), and Jane and her fiancée Des Clarke (Paul Keane) in a triple wedding ceremony. When Nell falls ill in England, Jane decides to fly out and visit her. Joe and Kerry marry alone in a butterfly sanctuary with all their family and friends present.

Noeline returns wanting Toby to live with her in Darwin, having got a new job there. Toby makes a hard choice and decides to go and live with his mother up north and shares a tearful goodbye with Joe and Kerry. This is short-lived as Noeline is hit by a car and instantly killed, forcing Toby to return to Joe and Kerry. Joe and Kerry help Toby through his grief when he begins bed wetting, sleepwalking and generally lashing out. A while later Joe and Kerry agree to adopt each other's children. Tragedy strikes later that year when Kerry is shot by a stray bullet while protesting against duck hunters; she is rushed to hospital, but she dies in theatre and also loses the baby she is carrying. Joe and Harold are left grief-stricken.

Following Kerry's funeral, Sky's biological father, Eric, decides to claim custody of Sky. Joe loses in court and Eric is awarded custody. Joe makes a desperate attempt to hang on to his daughter and grabs her while Eric and his wife are not looking and heads off into the Bush with her and Toby and hide out at Mary Crombie's (Alethea McGrath) farm. Joe, after much persuasion from Harold, eventually gives himself up and returns Sky to the Jensens. Eric eventually hands Sky back to Joe when he admitted cannot cope with her as well as a new baby he and his wife, Sandy (Donna Woodhouse) are due to have and soon will be moving to New Zealand.

Joe later falls for his lodger Melanie Pearson (Lucinda Cowden) and they later marry. On hearing the news that Nell had had another heart attack, Joe realizes that he and Melanie will have to sell the house to afford the medical bills. On leaving for England, Joe arranges for Toby to live with school principal Dorothy Burke (Maggie Dence), who lives next door, while they were gone. Joe, Melanie and Sky later return to Australia and send for Toby to join them in the countryside. Dorothy also lands a teaching post at Toby's new school and they leave. Several years later, Joe and Melanie divorce.

Joe returns to Erinsborough on the eve of Sky's (now played by Stephanie McIntosh) 18th birthday and stays for several months. He has many clashes with Janelle Timmins (Nell Feeney) and his former-in-laws, the Bishops. Joe becomes romantically involved with Lyn Scully. Lyn's eldest daughter, Stephanie (Carla Bonner) resents this union, but comes around. Joe proves to be a great support to Harold and Sky after David (Kevin Harrington), Liljana (Marcella Russo) and Serena (Lara Sacher) die in a plane crash above Bass Strait. Joe and Lyn announce their engagement but it is cut short when Toby phones from Western Australia needing help on his farm. Joe is reluctant to leave, but Lyn persuades him to go and help his son. Joe then leaves town after saying goodbye to Sky. In 2018, Joe telephones Jane to inform her that Nell has died.

4 years later, Joe speaks to Harold on a video call and explains that Melanie, who is marrying Toadie, was a good step mum to Sky and Toby. Joe tells Harold that he and Melanie broke up around his and Kerry's anniversary and he twisted the truth in anger. Joe explains that Sky and Toby stopped talking about Melanie in fear of being yelled at, however at Christmas, they explained how good of a step mum she was. Joe then fist bumps Harold through the screen before hanging up. Joe later sends Toadie and Melanie a video call, congratulating them after their wedding and telling Melanie that he wishes her all the best.

Reception

[edit]

Tony Squires from The Sydney Morning Herald believed that producers should have better developed the on-screen partnership between Joe and Des, commenting "still, shove Des and Joe together and you have something."[14] Hilary Kingsley, writing for the Daily Mirror, praised Little for his portrayal of Joe when Kerry died, stating "The howling grief of husband Joe – Neighbours' best actor Mark Little – was almost too moving for Ramsay Street."[15] Joe became popular in the UK due to his personality.[4] The Peterborough Evening Telegraph brand Joe as the serial's "likeable rogue".[5]

In 2010 to celebrate Neighbours' 25th anniversary Sky, a British satellite broadcasting company included Joe in their feature on the 25 characters who they believed were the most memorable in the series history.[16] They described him as the series' first "easygoing Aussie" to be featured, stating: "For an Australian soap, Neighbours has surprisingly few blokey blokes. Perhaps that's because few were going to out-bloke Joe Mangel after he left – with a stubby in hand and probably some shrimp on the barbie, Joe was the originally easygoing Aussie. That provided a useful breath of fresh air to all the grown-ups who've tried to make him behave himself over the years, including nan Mrs Mangel, guardian of his son Dorothy, and father-in-law Harold. While not exactly dependable, he stayed on hand to support step-daughter Sky after the plane crash of 2005."[16]

Editor of MSN TV, Lorna Cooper branded Joe as one of the legendary characters of the series, despite his short duration.[17] Each of the Daily Mirror's columnists were asked to choose their favourite soap opera character, Polly Hudson chose Joe. She cited his "Funny, sweet and ute-obsessed" personality and the comedy moments he provided as her reasons for choosing him.[18] Orange UK agree with Joe's loveable larrikin status adding it was his style and state he is famous for his relationship with Bouncer, referring to it as touching.[19]

Sue Heath from The Northern Echo said that commented on his return, opining that he "waltzed back into Erinsborough with a cheery 'Good day, chuck' as though he'd never been away"[20] Joe was placed at number thirty-three on the Huffpost's "35 greatest Neighbours characters of all time" feature.[21] Journalist Adam Beresford described him as a "true blue Aussie bloke" who was the "polar opposite of his uptight estranged mother". He added that Joe was a "unreconstructed beer lover" who "ramped up the comedy element" of the show.[21] A Herald Sun reporter included Joe and Kerry's wedding in their "Neighbours' 30 most memorable moments" feature and assessed that they "were polar opposites but they were married in the butterfly enclosure at Melbourne Zoo."[22]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Joe Mangel

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia
Joe Mangel is a fictional character from the Australian Neighbours, portrayed by actor Mark Little as a down-to-earth labourer and stereotypical "Aussie bloke" who enjoys a beer and embodies 's working-class spirit. Introduced in 1988 as the estranged son of the prudish and meddlesome , Joe quickly became a fan favourite for his laid-back contrast to his mother's uptight personality, providing comedic relief amid the show's dramatic storylines. He resided at Number 32 , working as a , and his tenure as a regular cast member lasted until 1991, after which he departed with his children. One of Joe's most memorable arcs involved his romance and marriage to environmentalist Kerry Bishop, which ended tragically in 1990 when she was accidentally shot and killed by a duck hunter during a . The character briefly returned in 2005 for a four-month stint, reuniting with old neighbours and reflecting on his life changes, before making a final cameo appearance via video call in the 2022 series finale to bid farewell to the show.

Casting and development

Casting

Mark Little was cast as Joe Mangel in Neighbours in 1988 following an audition process where he was initially deemed too young for the role of the character. However, producers selected him based on his established rapport with the production team from prior collaborations on ABC projects, allowing him to bring a grounded, relatable quality to the part. Little, a Brisbane-born actor who trained at the (NIDA) in 1981, had built a career in , comedy clubs, and self-devised prior to television work. In the late 1980s, he was directly approached by the Neighbours team to portray Joe as the estranged son of established character Mrs. Mangel, with the role initially contracted as a three-month guest stint to introduce family dynamics to . The brevity of the planned appearance quickly changed, as Little's depiction of Joe as Ramsay Street's typical Aussie —a straightforward figure—resonated with audiences, leading to an extension of his contract through 1991 and marking his longest-running television role at the time. This casting choice provided a contrast to the more polished or dramatic personalities already populating the serial, injecting a sense of everyday Australian larrikinism into the ensemble.

Characterisation

Joe Mangel is portrayed as a stereotypical Australian "," a beer-loving, whose rough-and-tumble demeanor often leads to clashes with more uptight characters, such as his prudish mother and the no-nonsense Dorothy Burke. This positions Joe as an figure in , providing comic relief through his unreconstructed, laid-back attitude that frequently rubs more refined residents the wrong way. Throughout his arc, Joe's character undergoes significant growth, transitioning from an initially irresponsible man to a devoted who prioritizes his Toby's above all else, later extending this commitment to his stepdaughter . This development underscores themes of paternal redemption and the transformative power of responsibilities within the series' framework. Joe's romantic dynamics further highlight his redemptive qualities, particularly in his unlikely marriage to the more refined and free-spirited Kerry Bishop, where their opposites-attract pairing—his boisterous, beer-swilling persona against her gentle, principled nature—emphasizes personal growth and mutual support. This relationship serves as a key vehicle for exploring themes of redemption, as Joe's rough edges soften through their loving bond, making him a more empathetic figure in the community.

Departures and returns

After four years in the role, Mark Little departed from in 1991 due to dissatisfaction with the direction of Joe Mangel's storylines, which he felt had become overly tragic and lacked the comedic elements that defined the character and the show. Little expressed that the heavy focus on dramatic events, such as the death of Joe's wife Kerry, pushed him away from continuing in the role. Producers accommodated his exit by writing Joe out through relocation to with his wife and stepdaughter , leaving his son Toby with Dorothy Burke. Little reprised the role for a four-month guest stint in 2005 as part of ' 20th anniversary celebrations, agreeing to return to provide closure for family-related narratives connected to legacy characters. This appearance allowed him to revisit the character he described as a "great soap character" while aligning with the show's milestone event. In 2018, Joe Mangel received a brief off-screen mention during an episode where his niece Jane Harris (Annie Jones) telephones him from to discuss a , highlighting ongoing ties to the Mangel legacy without Little's on-screen involvement. Little publicly ruled out any return at the time, stating he had "done [his] bit" for the series. Little returned once more in 2022 for the series finale on July 28, motivated by the show's cancellation after 37 years and his personal wish to contribute to a fitting closure for longstanding characters like Joe. Filming his cameo remotely via video call from his home in due to travel constraints, Little viewed the appearance as a "final farewell" to honor the production's legacy.

Storylines

Backstory

Joe Mangel was born Walter Joseph Mangel, preferring to go by his middle name, as the youngest child of Len Mangel and his wife . He shared a strained relationship with his overbearing mother , whose busybody nature often clashed with Joe's more laid-back personality, while his interactions with his distant father Len were marked by limited involvement amid the family's tensions. In his early adulthood, Joe married Noelene Mangel after meeting her in Darwin, where she became pregnant with their son Toby, born around 1980. The marriage dissolved under financial pressures, prompting Joe to abandon Noelene and Toby, after which he supported himself through odd jobs, including work as a builder. This separation led to years of estrangement from his young son, who was raised solely by Noelene, establishing Joe's pre-series reputation as a flawed yet potentially redeemable absent .

1988–1991

Joe Mangel arrived in in August 1988 after his niece Jane Harris unearthed a buried in the garden of No. 32 , leading her to track him down as the owner. The gun had belonged to Joe's late friend Les, and its discovery prompted a tense reunion with his estranged mother, , who disapproved of his laid-back, oafish lifestyle and past troubles. Despite initial clashes over their differing values—Nell's strict propriety versus Joe's rough-around-the-edges demeanor—they reconciled, and Joe moved into No. 32 with her, marking the start of his life on . Later that year, Joe's ex-wife Noelene unexpectedly returned with their nine-year-old son Toby, abandoning the boy with Joe during her honeymoon and sparking custody concerns as Noelene showed little interest in parenting. Joe, determined to step up despite his inexperience, bonded with Toby amid the challenges of single fatherhood, while supporting Nell through her 1988 remarriage to John Worthington, which helped mend family dynamics further. By 1989, Joe's life stabilized as he started a business and began dating environmental activist Kerry Bishop, daughter of neighbour ; their contrasting personalities—Joe's practical Aussie bloke versus Kerry's free-spirited hippy—created an unlikely but affectionate match. In July 1989, Joe and Kerry married in a memorable double ceremony with Des Clarke and Jane Harris (who participated via proxy from ) at a zoo's , surrounded by fluttering insects for a whimsical touch. The union solidified their blended family, with Kerry adopting Toby and Joe later pursuing adoption of Kerry's young daughter Sky in 1990 after gaining consent from Sky's biological father, Eric Jensen, establishing them as a cohesive unit on . However, tragedy struck in November 1990 when, during an anti-duck hunting protest in the marshes, Kerry was fatally shot by a stray bullet from a hunter while pregnant with their second child, leaving Joe devastated and the family in mourning. The aftermath intensified in late 1990 as Eric Jensen launched a custody battle for , prompting Joe to flee into the bush with both children to evade authorities and protect his family. After a tense standoff and legal proceedings, Eric relented, allowing Joe to retain guardianship of . Overwhelmed by grief and seeking a new beginning, Joe departed in late 1991 for , where he planned to support his ailing mother Nell, leaving Toby in the care of family friend Dorothy Burke.

Returns (2005, 2018, 2022)

Joe Mangel made a brief return to in 2005 for his adopted daughter 's 18th birthday celebrations. During his four-month stint, he started a romance with longtime resident Lyn Scully; after initial hesitation, Joe proposed marriage following the Bishop family memorial, but they later mutually decided against it amid family tensions, including the aftermath of a plane crash involving . Following discussions about family priorities, Joe departed to help his son Toby settle into a farm in the Kimberleys. In 2018, Joe appeared off-screen via telephone, contacting his cousin Jane Harris to inform her of the death of their grandmother , providing emotional closure during Jane's visit to . Paul Robinson relayed Joe's condolences to Jane, marking a poignant moment without Joe's physical presence. Joe returned once more in 2022 for the series finale, appearing in a video call with his former father-in-law to discuss concerns over Melanie Pearson's engagement to . During the conversation, Joe offered advice on the relationship, contributing to Harold's realization of his own misjudgments and reinforcing ties to Ramsay Street's legacy in the emotional farewell.

Reception

Critical reception

Critics have praised Mark Little's portrayal of Joe Mangel for bringing emotional depth to a primarily comedic character, particularly in the depiction of following the of his wife Kerry in 1990. TV critics have described Joe Mangel as a "likable rogue," appreciating how his roguish charm provided a stark and effective contrast to the prudishness of his mother , which enriched the family dynamics and heightened the dramatic tension within the Mangel household. Reviews in highlighted this interplay as a key strength in the character's contribution to the series' ensemble storytelling. Little's performance has been credited for humanizing the "stereotypical Aussie bloke" through relatable struggles, such as the late 1990–1991 custody battle over his stepdaughter .

Cultural impact

Joe Mangel has achieved iconic status as a quintessential Australian soap character, embodying the "" through his portrayal as a stereotypical Aussie bloke—fond of beer, bets, and banter—within ' depiction of working-class "battler" families striving amid everyday hardships. Mark Little, who played Joe from to 1991, described the role as an "accidental fame" that transformed him into a cultural shorthand for unpretentious Australian , with the character's use of local like "thongs" and "utes" influencing British perceptions of Aussie identity during the show's global peak. This resonance is evident in retrospectives highlighting Joe's involvement in landmark episodes, such as the 1990 "Bouncer's dream" sequence, often hailed as Australia's greatest TV moment for its whimsical family humor. Fans have long appreciated Joe for representing relatable fatherhood, particularly through his devoted relationships with son Toby and stepdaughter , where he navigated custody battles and emotional sacrifices with warmth and resilience. His redemption arcs, from estranged son reconciling with his uptight mother Mrs. Mangel to rebuilding family life after personal losses, struck a chord with viewers seeking stories of everyday redemption over dramatic excess. Returns in for the show's 20th anniversary and 2022 for the finale amplified this nostalgia, drawing acclaim for providing closure to long-time fans during key milestones. In broader Australian media, Joe's legacy endures as a to more polished or villainous figures, like his puritanical , influencing the of the likable rogue in subsequent soaps through his blend of humor, heartbreak, and unassuming heroism. While no major parodies emerged, the character persists in fan-driven retrospectives and wikis, cementing his role in discussions of ' impact on portraying authentic suburban life.

References

  1. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-11015641/Neighbours-Mark-Little-returns-Joe-Mangel-17-years-finale.html
  2. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2016/jul/29/vivean-gray-mrs-mangel-mum-joe-mangel-neighbours-mark-little
  3. https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/flashback/former-neighbours-star-mark-little-now-unrecognisable/news-story/019192612364e9f70401625ae48671aa
  4. http://perfectblend.net/neighbourhood/bio/mangel-joe.htm
  5. http://perfectblend.net/features/interview-little.htm
  6. http://perfectblend.net/neighbourhood/pro/little-mark.htm
  7. http://www.perfectblend.net/neighbourhood/pro/little-mark.htm
  8. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-9050141/Neighbours-legend-Mark-Little-played-Joe-Mangel-living-remote-farmhouse-Wales.html
  9. http://perfectblend.net/comment/ltn-joem.htm
  10. http://perfectblend.net/features/odd.htm
  11. https://www.hellomagazine.com/film/2019011366433/who-is-dancing-on-ice-star-mark-little/
  12. https://www.neighboursepisodes.com/index.php?year=2018&episode=7827
  13. https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/neighbours/a867655/neighbours-mark-little-joe-mangel-rules-out-return/
  14. https://www.walesonline.co.uk/lifestyle/tv/joe-mangel-actor-mark-little-24496960
  15. http://perfectblend.net/neighbourhood/bio/mangel-nell.htm
  16. https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1472380/
  17. http://perfectblend.net/neighbourhood/bio/bishop-kerry.htm
  18. http://perfectblend.net/magic/1989/1058.htm
  19. https://www.neighboursepisodes.com/index.php?year=1989&episode=1058
  20. http://perfectblend.net/magic/1990/1285.htm
  21. http://perfectblend.net/magic/1990/1286.htm
  22. https://www.digitalspy.com/soaps/neighbours/a40496653/neighbours-joe-mangel-return-scenes-melanie-engagement/
  23. https://www.neighboursepisodes.com/index.php?year=2005&episode=4785
  24. https://www.neighboursepisodes.com/index.php?year=2005&episode=4858
  25. https://www.express.co.uk/showbiz/tv-radio/950647/Neighbours-spoilers-Jane-Harris-Paul-Robinson-Nell-Mangel-death-Vivean-Gray-Annie-Jones
  26. https://www.neighboursepisodes.com/index.php?year=2018&episode=7833
  27. https://metro.co.uk/2022/07/14/neighbours-reveals-first-look-at-joe-mangels-return-after-17-years-16975054/
  28. https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/mark-little2/accidental-fame-of-an-anarchist_b_6807628.html
  29. https://thespinoff.co.nz/pop-culture/22-04-2021/bouncers-dream-is-still-australias-greatest-tv-moment
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