Hubbry Logo
Brixton AcademyBrixton AcademyMain
Open search
Brixton Academy
Community hub
Brixton Academy
logo
8 pages, 0 posts
0 subscribers
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Be the first to start a discussion here.
Brixton Academy
Brixton Academy
Brixton Academy
View on Wikipedia
from Wikipedia

Brixton Academy (originally known as the Astoria Variety Cinema, previously known as Carling Academy Brixton, currently named O2 Academy Brixton as part of a sponsorship deal with the O2 brand) is a mid-sized concert venue located in South London, in the Lambeth district of Brixton.

Key Information

Opening in 1929 as a cinema, the venue was converted into a discotheque in 1972, then reborn as a concert hall in 1983. It is owned by the Academy Music Group (AMG), and has become one of London's leading music venues,[3] hosting over 50 live albums,[4] and winning the NME Best Venue 12 times since 1994.[5] It has been home to several notable performances, including The Smiths' last gig (December 1986),[6] Leftfield's June 1996 concert which set a decibel record for a live gig at 137db,[7] and Madonna's gig in 2000, which was watched by an online audience of 9 million.[8]

In December 2022, two people died and others were seriously injured following a crowd crush at the door. As a result the venue was closed, with reopening subject to meeting council licensing conditions. It reopened on 19 April 2024.

History

[edit]
Part of the Italian Renaissance interior of the auditorium

The venue started as a cinema and theatre in 1929 on the site of a private garden in Stockwell Road. Designed by the architects Thomas Somerford and E. A. Stone,[9] it was built at a cost of £250,000 as an "Astoria" theatre. The opening show was the Al Jolson film The Singing Fool, followed by a variety act, including Heddle Nash and Derek Oldham which was broadcast by the BBC. It had nearly 3000 seats, although the publicity for the theatre reported this as 4500.[10] The theatre eventually closed its doors as a cinema on 29 July 1972. It was then converted into a discotheque in September 1972, known as the "Sundown Centre".[11] The club was not a success and closed down some four months later. In May 1974 planning permission was sought to demolish the Grade II listed building and replace it with a motor showroom and petrol station. However, the redevelopment scheme was scrapped. The building was kept heated after it closed, and was used as an equipment store by the Rank Organisation.[12]

In 1981, the venue was remodelled by Sean Treacy, who later ran the entire site services, was re-opened as a rock venue called "Fair Deal"[13] with a concert by UB40 and an interior restoration. The Clash played the venue in 1982 on their Casbah Club tour (30 July) but the venue closed later that year due to debt. In 1983, Simon Parkes bought the venue for £1, and re-opened it as the Brixton Academy.[14] The academy's success steadily grew throughout the 1980s with numerous reggae productions and it was hired out to major rock and pop acts such as The Rolling Stones, Eric Clapton, Dire Straits and the Police for rehearsal. The venue was also used for video shoots for Wham! (Wake Me Up Before You Go-Go) and Culture Club.[15] Parkes would go on to write a book about his experience of running the venue, Live At The Brixton Academy: A Riotous Life in the Music Business, which was published in 2014.[16]

In 1995, Parkes sold the theatre to Break for the Border. Under its new ownership (McKenzie Group),[17] reinvestment started immediately, with a complete £500,000 refurbishment of the Art Deco building frontage to its original grandeur, additional facilities both front of house and backstage and a capacity increase to just under 5,000. The venue is currently run by the Academy Music Group after a rebranding in August 2004[18] and hosts a range of live acts and club nights. With the sale, the venue's title was changed to Carling Academy Brixton. In 2008, naming rights were purchased for £25.5 million by the O2 brand, owned by the Spanish telecommunications company Telefónica.[19]

Being one of the biggest non-arena music venues in London, the academy has been used by many very successful acts. It has also been voted venue of the year 12 times since 1994 in the annual NME Awards.[20] In addition the venue has won the Music Week Award for Venue of the Year several times including 2009.[21]

2022 Asake concert crush

[edit]

A crowd crush outside a performance by Asake on 15 December 2022 seriously injured four people,[22] two of whom died in the following days.[23][24] The Guardian cast doubt on early reports that people were trying to force their way in without a ticket.[25] The newspaper also questioned the management of the building and its entrances.[26] As a result of the crowd crush, Lambeth councillors met in the early hours of 22 December 2022 and decided to suspend the academy's operating licence following the "severity of events" and "risks to public safety" from "a lack of crowd control at the front doors". The licence was suspended until a full hearing on 16 January 2023,[27] when it was suspended for a further three months.[28]

The BBC reported that security staff were said to accept bribes to allow people in without a ticket.[29] In April 2023 the Metropolitan Police stated that they had no confidence in the holder of the venue's licence and that they were applying for the licence to be revoked.[30] In September 2023, the police stated that they were not opposed to the venue reopening, but simply opposed to AMG operating it.[31]

On 15 September 2023 Lambeth Council announced that the venue was permitted to re-open after the incident,[32] providing they meet new licensing conditions including strengthened doors, a new security contractor and additional safety procedures. A full list of the conditions is published online by Lambeth Council.

The venue reopened on 19 April 2024.[33]

Notable performances

[edit]
The decorative proscenium arch, framing the stage, with a concert in progress (Sex Pistols, 2007)

The Smiths played their last gig here in December 1986[6] which was an Anti-Apartheid benefit scheduled for the Royal Albert Hall but rearranged to the Brixton Academy due to Johnny Marr being involved in a car accident.[34]

The Ramones played their final European show at the venue on February 3, 1996, before touring for the last time in South and North America.[35]

On 23 November 2012, Feeder, played what would turn out to be their last show for four years, with initial speculation in the weeks leading up to the tour that it would be their last ever as a band. It would however be the last ever appearance drummer Damon Wilson would make with the band before his retirement from the industry in 2016.

Madonna played a special concert at the venue in 2000, to promote the release of her album, Music. The concert was broadcast live online and was watched by a record-breaking audience of 9 million.[8]

Artists such as The Clash, Deborah Harry, The Prodigy, Arcade Fire, Nine Inch Nails and Bob Dylan have all played five consecutive nights at the venue.[citation needed] In 2002, Iron Maiden played three consecutive nights as a part of charity event "Clive Aid 2002". The band set the record for merchandise and ticket sales.[36] The Mighty Boosh broke this record in 2008, with their second live show Boosh Live, playing seven consecutive nights.[37] The xx equalled their record in March 2017, playing seven consecutive nights in support of third record I See You, becoming the first music act to reach that number.[38]

Leftfield set the world's decibel record for a live concert in 1996 when they reached 137db.[7] They were summarily banned from using the same sound system at the venue after the high bass levels started disintegrating the ceiling, resulting in showers of dust and plaster.[39] They returned in 2000 using a different sound system.[citation needed]

Albums recorded at Brixton

[edit]
See also: Live at Brixton Academy (disambiguation)

Videos recorded at Brixton

[edit]

References

[edit]
[edit]
Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Brixton Academy

View on Grokipedia
from Grokipedia

O2 Academy Brixton is a renowned live music venue situated in , , originally constructed as the Astoria cinema in 1929 with an initial capacity of around 3,000 seats. Transformed into a premier concert space in the under the Brixton Academy name, it now operates under O2 sponsorship and hosts a diverse array of performances, accommodating up to 4,921 standing patrons or 2,391 seated. The venue's architecture and acoustics have earned it acclaim as London's most credible major venue, despite occasional echo issues, and it has played a pivotal role in the city's scene by featuring iconic acts across genres like , , and . Its includes narrow escapes from demolition and periods of varied use, evolving from cinematic origins to a cultural synonymous with high-energy gigs. In December 2022, O2 Academy faced severe scrutiny following a deadly crowd crush during an concert on 15 December, where ticketless fans forced entry, resulting in the deaths of attendee Rebecca Ikumelo, 33, and Gaby Hutchinson, 23, alongside multiple injuries. The incident prompted an immediate licence suspension, a prolonged closure for safety investigations, and ongoing police inquiries, with five men questioned and images of suspects released as recently as 2024. Families of the deceased have pursued legal action against the venue's operators, citing inadequate medical cover and security lapses, though causal factors centered on unauthorized crowd surges. The venue reopened in April 2024 under strict conditions with tribute acts, resuming full operations by 2025 for major tours.

History

Origins and Early Years (1929–1970s)

The Brixton Astoria opened on 19 August 1929 as a super-cinema on Stockwell Road in Brixton, London, with a seating capacity of 4,750. Constructed at a cost of £250,000, the venue was designed by architects T. R. Somerford and E. A. Stone in an Atmospheric style, featuring an auditorium simulating an Italian Renaissance garden under a twinkling starlit sky, a 40-foot-deep proscenium stage, and a Compton 3-manual organ. The opening program premiered the film The Singing Fool (1928) starring Al Jolson, accompanied by a live variety show titled "Hullo Every Body" and an organ recital by George Pattman, with the event broadcast by the BBC. Initially operating as a cine-variety theatre combining film screenings and live performances, the Astoria was acquired by Paramount Theatres in December 1930. In November 1939, it was sold to the Odeon cinema chain and renamed the Odeon Astoria, shifting primarily to film exhibition amid the decline of live variety acts. The venue continued as a cinema through the and , with a brief return to variety programming in October 1957 under management. By the 1960s, competition from television and suburban cinemas reduced attendance, leading to its closure as a film house on 29 July 1972, with final screenings of Red Sun and The Looking Glass War. In September 1972, the building was repurposed as the Sundown Centre discotheque, though this venture lasted only four months before reverting to storage use by Rank. The structure's ornate Art Deco interior, including a proscenium arch modeled after Venice's Rialto Bridge, preserved its architectural significance despite the shift from cinematic operations.

Conversion to Music Venue (1980s–1990s)

In 1982, entrepreneur Simon Parkes, then aged 23, acquired the rundown Brixton Astoria—previously a failed discotheque known as the Sundown Centre—for a nominal £1 from its owners, who had sought demolition permission after its short-lived operation from September 1972 collapsed within four months. Parkes negotiated the deal despite the venue's lease requiring £120,000 upfront, transforming the derelict structure through basic renovations that preserved its atmospheric 1929 architecture while adapting it for live performances, including improved staging and sound systems suited to rock and alternative acts. The venue reopened as the Brixton Academy on November 12, 1983, with Nigerian musician Fela Kuti headlining the inaugural concert, marking its shift from cinematic and disco use to a dedicated concert hall amid Brixton's post-1981 riots reputation for danger. Throughout the 1980s, the Academy rapidly gained prominence as a mid-sized venue with a capacity of approximately 4,900, hosting pivotal shows by emerging and established artists such as New Order on December 1, 1983, alongside support from James and The Wake, which drew crowds despite security challenges from local gang activity. Parkes' management emphasized booking diverse genres, from and to punk and , fostering its status as a countercultural hub; by mid-decade, benefit concerts like the January 1985 miners' strike event featuring and others raised £18,000, underscoring its role in activist causes. Financial viability improved through consistent programming, though Parkes recounted ongoing threats from yardies and operational hurdles in a building lacking modern amenities. Into the 1990s, the venue solidified its legacy under Parkes' ownership until 1998, attracting global acts and live recordings that amplified its acoustics' reputation, despite no major structural overhauls beyond incremental safety upgrades. Attendance surged with bookings like The Clash's residency, contributing to its evolution into one of London's premier mid-capacity spaces, though persistent issues with overcrowding and neighborhood violence highlighted the risks of operating in a high-crime area. By decade's end, the Academy's formula of artist-focused programming without heavy commercialization had established it as a benchmark for authentic live music experiences.

Ownership Changes and Modernization (2000s–2021)

In 2004, the McKenzie Group, later rebranded as (AMG), completed a £33.5 million acquiring Brixton Academy along with six other music venues, marking a significant shift in ownership from previous operators. This transaction positioned AMG as the long-term steward of the property, emphasizing professional management and expansion of live music programming. Following the acquisition, the venue adopted the name Carling Academy Brixton under a sponsorship arrangement. In November 2008, O2 secured naming rights through a multi-year alliance with AMG and Live Nation, rebranding it as part of a network-wide deal covering multiple venues. This agreement, which included financial commitments supporting venue operations, was renewed in July 2017 for a further decade at an estimated value of £70 million, bolstering revenue streams via corporate sponsorship and integrated ticketing promotions. Concurrently, in March 2007, Live Nation obtained a majority stake exceeding 50% in AMG via a with Gaiety Investments, integrating the venue into a larger global promotion ecosystem while retaining AMG's operational control. These corporate alignments facilitated enhanced booking capabilities and marketing reach but did not involve substantial physical alterations to the venue's Grade II-listed structure during this period. Ownership remained stable under AMG thereafter, with focus on sustaining the 4,921 standing capacity and hosting high-profile events without documented major infrastructural overhauls prior to 2021.

Venue Features

Architecture and Capacity

The O2 Academy Brixton originated as the Brixton Astoria cinema, constructed in 1929 by architects Thomas R. Somerford and E.A. Stone at a cost of £250,000. The building exemplifies Art Deco architecture and was designed as Britain's first atmospheric cinema, incorporating a broad auditorium with a single balcony and a continuously curved ceiling spanning approximately 36.6 meters by 44.2 meters to evoke an immersive viewing experience. Upon conversion to a in the , the structure retained its original cinema-era layout, including a large fully equipped for live performances. The features an iconic design inspired by Venice's , framing what has been described as Europe's largest fixed . Subsequent renovations, particularly in the , enhanced the venue's facilities while preserving its architectural integrity, leading to an expanded capacity. The venue's current maximum capacity stands at 4,921, configured with 3,760 standing positions on the ground floor and 1,161 in (comprising 1,083 seats and 78 standing spaces). In all-seated arrangements, the capacity reduces to 2,391, reflecting the removal of stalls seating to prioritize standing for concerts. This configuration supports its role as a mid-sized , originally holding 2,982 when opened as a cinema.

Technical and Operational Specifications

The Brixton Academy features a flat stage measuring approximately 15 meters in depth and 15.24 meters in width across both stage left and right, with a opening of 17.07 meters and grid height of 25.91 meters. A flexible allows for adaptable configurations, supporting its primary use for standing concerts with a maximum capacity of 4,921 or seated arrangements for 2,315. The venue includes an extensive rigging system, facilitating efficient load handling for productions. In 2024, the audio system was upgraded to an K1 configuration, comprising dual hangs of four K1-SB, eight K1, and three enclosures per side, supplemented by 16 ground-stacked KS28 subwoofers for main PA coverage. The monitor setup incorporates X15HiQ wedges, SB18 subwoofers, KS28 units, and A15 Wide speakers to ensure consistent onstage monitoring. Front-of-house and monitor mixing are handled by Quantum 225 consoles. Lighting infrastructure consists of a three-truss system mounted on Tyler GT Plus Pre-Rig Truss, utilizing energy-efficient LED fixtures including Martin MAC Ultra Performance spots, washes, floods/strobes, and blinders for versatile production demands. This setup allows for modular adjustments, enabling partial modifications or full removal to accommodate diverse event requirements. Operational access includes an easy get-in route with generous front-of-house and backstage facilities, optimized for touring acts.

Cultural Significance

Notable Performances and Events

Brixton Academy has hosted numerous landmark concerts since its conversion to a in 1985. delivered their final performance on December 12, 1986, during an Artists Against Apartheid benefit concert, closing with "Hand in Glove" amid a stage invasion by fans. The concluded their UK touring with a show on February 3, 1996, featuring a 35-song setlist from their album ¡Adios Amigos!, marking one of the punk band's last European appearances before retiring later that year. In November 2007, the reunited for a series of shows at the venue to commemorate the 30th anniversary of Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the Sex Pistols, including performances on November 8 and 10, which were filmed for the release There'll Always Be an England. The venue has also been a stage for diverse acts across genres, including early performances by The Clash in the 1980s and later residencies by artists such as Amy Winehouse and Kings of Leon, contributing to its reputation as a premier London music space.

Live Recordings and Productions

The Brixton Academy has served as a recording venue for numerous live albums and video productions since its establishment as a music space in 1981, leveraging its acoustics and capacity for capturing high-energy performances. Early examples include Pete Townshend's Deep End concerts on November 1 and 2, 1985, which were documented in the release Live: Brixton Academy '85, featuring tracks like "Won't Get Fooled Again" and supporting material from his solo album Iron Man. In the 1990s, the venue hosted pivotal recordings for rock and alternative acts. Faith No More captured their performance on April 28, 1990, during The Real Thing tour, resulting in You Fat Bastards: Live at the Brixton Academy, released in 1991 and noted for its raw energy on tracks such as "Epic." Brian May's band recorded their debut London show on June 15, 1993, yielding Live at the Brixton Academy in 1994, which included Queen covers like "Tie Your Mother Down" alongside May's solo material from Back to the Light. Sonic Youth's set from 1992 was issued as Live at Brixton Academy 1992, preserving songs like "Kool Thing" from their Dirty era. Later productions emphasized multimedia releases. Dido recorded over three nights—August 17 to 19, 2004—during her Life for Rent tour, producing a live album and DVD set released in 2005, featuring hits such as "White Flag" with guest appearances. Public Service Broadcasting documented their sold-out show on November 29, 2015, from The Race for Space tour, releasing Live at Brixton in 2016 as a 2CD/DVD package that captured their sample-heavy, instrumental style on tracks like "Sputnik." These efforts highlight the venue's role in archiving performances for commercial and archival distribution, often through official artist channels.

Controversies and Safety Incidents

Pre-2022 Security and Management Issues

Prior to the 2022 crowd crush, the O2 Academy Brixton faced ongoing concerns regarding security practices that compromised and capacity limits. A whistleblower alleged that door staff, employed by contractor AP Security, routinely accepted cash bribes ranging from £10 to £20 to admit unticketed individuals, with hundreds reportedly entering events this way over time. This practice, described as commonplace before December 2022, undermined ticketing integrity and contributed to risks of , as guards prioritized personal gain over enforcement of entry protocols. Structural vulnerabilities at the venue's entrance were also flagged in official communications. In 2020, raised concerns with venue operators about the inadequate strength of the front doors, noting potential failure under crowd pressure; these issues were reportedly downplayed or denied by management during later inquiries. Such warnings highlighted deficiencies in infrastructure, yet no immediate remedial actions were publicly documented before the 2022 incident. Management under the (AMG) drew criticism for insufficient oversight of security contractors and risk assessments. Event risk evaluations identified hazards including overcrowding and crushing, but implementation of mitigations like enhanced staffing or barriers appeared inconsistent, with reliance on undertrained or incentivized personnel exacerbating vulnerabilities. These pre-2022 lapses reflected broader operational shortcomings in prioritizing over operational efficiency at high-demand concerts.

The 2022 Asake Concert Crush

On December 15, 2022, a crowd crush occurred outside the O2 Academy during a sold-out by Nigerian artist , resulting in two fatalities and multiple injuries. The incident unfolded in the early evening as large crowds gathered, with reports of ticketless fans attempting to force entry by pushing against doors and barriers, exacerbating overcrowding on Road. Eyewitness accounts described chaotic scenes, including fans climbing over each other and security struggling to maintain control, with some alleging that venue staff allowed unauthorized entry in exchange for bribes. The concert, scheduled to begin around 10:00 PM, was halted approximately nine minutes into Asake's performance when disorder outside prompted intervention by police and medical services. Eight individuals were hospitalized, four initially in critical condition from crush-related injuries such as compression asphyxia. Rebecca Ikumelo, a 33-year-old mother of two from , succumbed to her injuries on December 17, 2022, while Gabrielle "Gaby" Hutchinson, a 23-year-old working at the event, died on December 19, 2022. A third person, aged 21, remained in serious condition as of late December 2022. Metropolitan Police responded around 9:34 PM, declaring a major incident and dispersing the crowd, with no arrests made immediately at the scene. Investigations focused on crowd management failures, including inadequate stewarding and perimeter security for the venue's 5,000 capacity. Asake postponed subsequent dates and issued condolences, while the venue's operators faced scrutiny over prior safety lapses. Ongoing police inquiries, including the release of images of potential witnesses in August 2024, have explored possibilities of criminal charges related to the deaths.

Regulatory Response and Venue Closure (2022–2023)

Following the crowd crush outside the O2 Academy Brixton on 15 December 2022, which killed Rebecca Ikumelo (33) and Gabrielle Hutchinson (23), the London Borough of Lambeth Licensing Authority suspended the venue's premises licence on 22 December 2022 to enable a full review into public safety failures. , highlighting deficiencies in crowd control, ticketing verification, and security protocols, formally requested the council revoke the licence permanently, arguing that prior warnings about the venue's operations had been ignored. A review hearing convened on 16 January 2023, where the Licensing Sub-Committee opted against immediate but imposed a three-month interim suspension, citing the need for ongoing investigations by police, the , and other bodies into the incident's causes, including inadequate medical staffing and for the high-risk Asake event. This measure effectively prolonged the venue's closure, with Council extending the suspension in subsequent decisions to address unresolved concerns over management accountability and compliance history. Regulatory scrutiny intensified through 2023, as the council prepared for a comprehensive licence variation application, scrutinizing evidence of systemic lapses such as insufficient stewarding and failure to mitigate risks despite the venue's capacity of approximately 4,900. The process, informed by witness statements and forensic reports, underscored broader accountability for operator AEG Presents, though no criminal charges directly tied to regulatory bodies emerged by year's end; the venue remained shuttered, halting all events and prompting economic impacts estimated at £15–20 million locally.

Reopening and Reforms

Safety Conditions and Implementation (2023–2024)

In September 2023, Lambeth Council approved the reopening of O2 Academy Brixton contingent upon the operator, , implementing 77 "extensive and robust" safety conditions designed to address deficiencies exposed by the December 2022 crowd crush. These conditions encompassed structural, operational, and procedural enhancements, including the installation of stronger main doors to prevent breaching, as occurred during the incident. AMG invested £1.2 million in maintenance and upgrades throughout 2023, despite the venue's closure, as part of a comprehensive "root and branch" overhaul of safety protocols. Key operational improvements included a new centralized control and for real-time oversight, upgraded crowd management s to monitor and mitigate density risks, and more rigorous pre-event risk assessments incorporating detailed crowd flow modeling. enhancements featured the replacement of the previous firm, AP Security, with Showsec—which operates across AMG's other venues—and a mandated increase in the minimum number of on-site guards per event to bolster perimeter control and response capabilities. A revised ticketing was also introduced to improve entry queuing and reduce bottlenecks, with stricter protocols for ticket validation integrated into staff training programs. representatives described these reforms as "much more comprehensive" than prior standards, asserting they would likely avert similar tragedies. Implementation progressed through 2023 with internal testing and compliance verification, culminating in the venue's reopening on , 2024, after 16 months of suspension. Initial test events, such as performances by tribute acts Nirvana and The Smyths, operated at 50% capacity (approximately 2,450 attendees) under heightened scrutiny from council inspectors and ongoing oversight related to the 2022 investigation. These phased trials allowed for real-world validation of the new systems, with full capacity resumption planned only after successful demonstrations of efficacy. AMG emphasized ongoing monitoring and adaptability, committing to annual reviews of the conditions to incorporate evolving best practices in venue safety.

Post-Reopening Operations (2024–Present)

The O2 Academy Brixton reopened on April 19, 2024, following the implementation of 77 safety conditions mandated by Lambeth Council, including enhanced crowd management systems, a dedicated , upgraded protocols, reinforced doors, and improved ticketing verification processes to prevent unauthorized entry. The inaugural event featured tribute acts Nirvana UK and The Smyths, drawing a controlled audience under heightened scrutiny, with no reported incidents. Subsequent test events in late April confirmed compliance, enabling full licensing reinstatement for regular programming. Since reopening, the venue has hosted a steady stream of concerts across genres, maintaining its capacity for approximately 4,900 attendees while adhering to the new operational safeguards. Notable 2024 performances included acts like Feeder and , transitioning into a robust 2025 schedule featuring artists such as on October 25, Hard Life on October 30, on October 31, and on November 1. These events have proceeded without major disruptions, reflecting effective integration of the safety reforms, though ongoing monitoring by local authorities persists to ensure sustained compliance. Operators have emphasized a "new era" of venue management, with investments in staff training and technology aiding smoother crowd flow and risk mitigation. Attendance figures for post-reopening shows have approached pre-closure levels, signaling restored public confidence, though some industry observers note cautious booking strategies to prioritize lower-risk events initially. No safety violations or crowd-related issues have been documented as of October 2025, underscoring the venue's operational stability under the revised framework.

References

  1. https://www.timeout.com/london/music/o2-academy-brixton
  2. https://database.theatrestrust.org.uk/resources/theatres/show/439-brixton-academy
  3. https://assets-global.website-files.com/6803b279d8bb48fbc94537ad/6862ea336439bed9fba029f7_15470244365.pdf
  4. https://ladygaga.fandom.com/wiki/O2_Academy_Brixton
  5. https://www.ftbchambers.co.uk/index.php/news/case-view/the-o2-academy-brixton
  6. https://list.co.uk/venues/o2-academy-brixton-5091
  7. https://www.edenharper.com/articles/a-close-up-of-brixton-academy
  8. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-68619308
  9. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-64719026
  10. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/dec/17/woman-dies-of-injuries-sustained-in-brixton-asake-concert-crush
  11. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/dec/22/brixton-academy-has-licence-suspended-after-two-people-die-in-crush
  12. https://news.met.police.uk/news/images-of-13-people-released-as-part-of-investigation-into-brixton-crush-476903
  13. https://www.kentonline.co.uk/gravesend/news/five-men-questioned-over-gig-crush-where-kent-security-guard-317354/
  14. https://completemusicupdate.com/mother-of-security-guard-killed-in-brixton-academy-crowd-crush-commences-legal-action-against-academy-music-group-saying-we-will-never-let-this-rest/
  15. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2024/mar/04/london-music-venue-brixton-academy-to-reopen-with-nirvana-and-smiths-tribute-acts
  16. https://secretldn.com/o2-academy-brixton-reopen/
  17. https://www.instagram.com/p/C4GI2yloXSY/
  18. http://www.arthurlloyd.co.uk/Brixton.htm
  19. https://cinematreasures.org/theaters/1244
  20. https://www.historictheatrephotos.com/Atmospheric/Astoria-Brixton.aspx
  21. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-13153941/O2-Brixton-Academy-set-reopen-April-year-deadly-crush-killed-two-people-including-security-guard.html
  22. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2014/jan/24/the-clash-yardies-brixton-academy-simon-parkes
  23. https://www.musicweek.com/live/read/simon-parkes-how-i-bought-brixton-academy-for-1/066446
  24. https://www.iamhistory.co.uk/home/2025/7/28/brixton-calling
  25. http://www.neworderonline.com/live/ConcertList.aspx?BandID=1&Year=1983
  26. https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2011/jan/21/archive-orange-juice-miners-strike-benefit-1985
  27. https://www.theculturecrypt.com/posts/brixton-calling-feature
  28. https://www.bigissue.com/culture/music/brixton-academy-london-live-music-venue/
  29. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2004/sep/01/citynews.arts
  30. https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/uks-mkg-takes-on-academy-name-1417685/
  31. https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_9aeae8117057a7430418216dcc69c644/livenationentertainment/news/2008-11-06_O2_and_Live_Nation_Academy_Music_Group_AMG_741.pdf
  32. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/jul/24/o2-renews-sponsorship-academy-music-venues-70m-deal-mobile-phone-operator-live-nation-amg
  33. https://d1io3yog0oux5.cloudfront.net/_a7c4a3ce7697fbd73b6e8524af1535ee/livenationentertainment/news/2007-03-30_Live_Nation_Acquires_Significant_Stake_in_Academy__608.pdf
  34. https://www.newstatesman.com/culture/music/2023/04/should-not-close-o2-academy-brixton
  35. https://kids.kiddle.co/Brixton_Academy
  36. https://aroundus.com/p/12841500-brixton-academy
  37. https://memorypalaces.co.uk/cinemas/astoria-brixton/
  38. https://brucebase.wikidot.com/venue:brixton-academy-london-england
  39. https://www.insideci.co.uk/l-acoustics/o2-academy-brixton-upgrades-sound-system.aspx
  40. https://www.avinteractive.com/markets-news/venues/revamp-of-iconic-london-venue-hits-all-the-right-notes-31-10-2024/
  41. https://mondodrawards.com/portfolio/o2-academy-brixton/
  42. https://www.adlib.co.uk/case-studies/o2-academy-brixton
  43. https://www.musicweek.com/live/read/o2-academy-brixton-unveils-transformative-renovation-including-new-audio-and-lighting-systems/090781
  44. https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-news/flashback-the-smiths-play-their-last-ever-gig-199577/
  45. https://www.radiox.co.uk/artists/the-smiths/what-the-smiths-played-at-their-last-show-setlist/
  46. https://glidemagazine.com/video/25-years-ago-today-the-ramones-play-their-last-u-k-show/
  47. https://www.setlist.fm/setlist/ramones/1996/brixton-academy-london-england-53d5d7f1.html
  48. https://www.setlist.fm/setlist/sex-pistols/2007/carling-academy-brixton-london-england-7bd672c4.html
  49. https://www.sexpistolsofficial.com/therell-always-be-an-england-live-from-brixton-academy-2007/
  50. https://www.academymusicgroup.com/o2academybrixton/about-us
  51. https://www.discogs.com/master/339044-Faith-No-More-Live-At-The-Brixton-Academy
  52. https://www.thewho.com/pete-townshend-14-cd-box-set-live-in-concert-1985-2001-out-26-july/
  53. https://www.rhino.com/article/happy-25th-faith-no-more-live-at-the-brixton-academy
  54. https://www.brianmayworld.com/Live_at_the_Brixton_Academy.htm
  55. https://sonicyouth.bandcamp.com/album/live-at-brixton-academy-1992
  56. https://www.discogs.com/release/473491-Dido-Live-At-Brixton-Academy
  57. https://publicservicebroadcasting.bandcamp.com/album/live-at-brixton
  58. https://www.discogs.com/master/1099281-Public-Service-Broadcasting-Live-At-Brixton-
  59. https://www.theguardian.com/music/2023/jan/17/brixton-academy-security-alleged-routinely-taken-bribes
  60. https://www.twinfm.com/article/the-brixton-academy-crush-crowd-management
  61. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-64065895
  62. https://www.nme.com/news/music/brixton-academy-refuse-racial-profiling-and-talk-ticketing-and-improving-safety-at-hearing-3496191
  63. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-64003455
  64. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/dec/21/asake-concert-crush-what-happened-london-brixton-o2
  65. https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/16/world/europe/london-concert-crush-asake.html
  66. https://www.euronews.com/culture/2023/01/17/brixton-o2-academy-concert-crush-blamed-on-security-taking-bribes
  67. https://www.thenewsmovement.com/articles/the-brixton-crush-what-happened
  68. https://pitchfork.com/news/crowd-crush-at-o2-academy-brixton-leaves-4-critically-injured/
  69. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-64012167
  70. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2022/dec/19/second-person-dies-after-brixton-concert-crush
  71. https://www.nme.com/news/music/brixton-academy-crowd-crush-inquest-into-deaths-has-strong-possibility-of-criminal-charges-3388379
  72. https://www.billboard.com/business/touring/london-o2-academy-brixton-reopen-deadly-crowd-crush-1235414385/
  73. https://news.sky.com/story/brixton-o2-academy-venues-licence-suspended-after-two-people-die-following-crowd-crush-12773187
  74. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/dec/15/brixton-academy-crush-family-urge-singer-asake-to-make-appeal-to-fans
  75. https://www.yourlocalguardian.co.uk/news/24163238.fatal-crush-appeal-continues-o2-academy-brixton-reopen/
  76. https://www.ftbchambers.co.uk/index.php/news/news-view/o2-academy-brixton-licence-suspended
  77. https://www.localgovernmentlawyer.co.uk/licensing/399-licensing-news/52698-lambeth-extends-temporary-suspension-of-licence-for-o2-academy-brixton
  78. https://www.forbes.com/sites/shainshapiro/2023/08/24/brixton-academy-is-still-shut-lets-look-at-the-economic-impact-of-this/
  79. https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2023/sep/15/brixton-academy-can-reopen-once-it-meets-extensive-safety-conditions
  80. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-66825942
  81. https://news.sky.com/story/o2-academy-brixton-reopens-after-fatal-crush-what-robust-conditions-are-in-place-13118650
  82. https://mixmag.net/read/o2-brixton-academy-77-conditions-safety-opening-news
  83. https://www.mylondon.news/news/south-london-news/full-list-o2-academy-brixton-28752689
  84. https://www.itv.com/news/london/2024-04-19/o2-brixton-academy-opens-its-doors-again-more-than-a-year-after-fatal-crash
  85. https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-london-68844216
  86. https://www.academymusicgroup.com/o2academybrixton/events
  87. https://www.ticketmaster.co.uk/o2-academy-brixton-tickets-london/venue/507981
  88. https://www.livenation.co.uk/o2-academy-brixton-tickets-vdp3919
  89. https://www.tpimagazine.com/ntia-says-brixton-academy-reopening-marks-new-era-of-crowd-safety/
  90. https://www.musicweek.com/live/read/as-brixton-academy-returns-after-tragedy-live-execs-look-to-the-future-for-the-iconic-london-venue/089649
  91. https://www.iqmagazine.com/2023/09/brixton-academy-to-reopen-following-review/
Add your contribution
Related Hubs
User Avatar
No comments yet.