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Onager
The onager (/ˈɒnəɡər/, /ˈɒnədʒər/) (Equus hemionus), also known as hemione or Asiatic wild ass, is a species of the family Equidae native to Asia. A member of the subgenus Asinus, the onager was described and given its binomial name by German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in 1775. Six subspecies are accepted.
The onager is reddish-brown or yellowish-brown and has a broad dorsal stripe on the middle of the back. It weighs about 200–260 kg (440–570 lb) and reaches about 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in) head-body length. It is among the fastest mammals, capable of running 64–70 km/h (40–43 mph).
The onager had a wider range from southwest and central to northern Asia including the Levant region, Arabian Peninsula, Afghanistan and Siberia; the prehistoric European wild ass subspecies ranged through Europe until the Bronze Age. During the early 20th century, it lost most of its range in the Middle East and Eastern Asia and lives today in Iran, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Mongolia and China. It inhabits deserts and arid regions, grasslands, plains, steppes, and savannahs. Like many other large grazing animals, its range has contracted greatly under the pressures of poaching and habitat loss. It has been classified as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List in 2015. One subspecies is extinct, two are endangered, and two are near threatened; its status in China is not well known.
The first part of the scientific name derives from the Latin word equus which means horse and the second part from the Ancient Greek ἡμίονος, hēmíonos, from ἡμι-, hēmi-, 'half', and ὄνος, ónos, 'donkey'; thus, 'half-donkey' or mule. The term onager comes from the ancient Greek ὄναγρος, again from ὄνος, ónos, 'donkey', and ἄγριος, ágrios, 'wild'.
The species was commonly known as Asian wild ass, in which case the term onager was reserved for the subspecies E. h. onager, more specifically known as the Persian onager. More recently, the species share the same name, onager.
The onager is a member of the subgenus Asinus, belonging to the genus Equus and is classified under the family Equidae. The species was described and given its binomial name Equus hemionus by the German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in 1775.
The Asiatic wild ass, among Old World equids, existed for more than 4 million years. The oldest divergence of Equus was the onager, followed by the zebras and onwards. A new species called the kiang (E. kiang), a Tibetan relative, was previously considered to be a subspecies of the onager as E. hemionus kiang, but recent molecular studies indicate it to be a distinct species, having diverged from the closest relative of the Mongolian wild ass's ancestor less than 500,000 years ago.
Six subspecies of the onager are widely accepted:
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Onager
The onager (/ˈɒnəɡər/, /ˈɒnədʒər/) (Equus hemionus), also known as hemione or Asiatic wild ass, is a species of the family Equidae native to Asia. A member of the subgenus Asinus, the onager was described and given its binomial name by German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in 1775. Six subspecies are accepted.
The onager is reddish-brown or yellowish-brown and has a broad dorsal stripe on the middle of the back. It weighs about 200–260 kg (440–570 lb) and reaches about 2.1 m (6 ft 11 in) head-body length. It is among the fastest mammals, capable of running 64–70 km/h (40–43 mph).
The onager had a wider range from southwest and central to northern Asia including the Levant region, Arabian Peninsula, Afghanistan and Siberia; the prehistoric European wild ass subspecies ranged through Europe until the Bronze Age. During the early 20th century, it lost most of its range in the Middle East and Eastern Asia and lives today in Iran, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Mongolia and China. It inhabits deserts and arid regions, grasslands, plains, steppes, and savannahs. Like many other large grazing animals, its range has contracted greatly under the pressures of poaching and habitat loss. It has been classified as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List in 2015. One subspecies is extinct, two are endangered, and two are near threatened; its status in China is not well known.
The first part of the scientific name derives from the Latin word equus which means horse and the second part from the Ancient Greek ἡμίονος, hēmíonos, from ἡμι-, hēmi-, 'half', and ὄνος, ónos, 'donkey'; thus, 'half-donkey' or mule. The term onager comes from the ancient Greek ὄναγρος, again from ὄνος, ónos, 'donkey', and ἄγριος, ágrios, 'wild'.
The species was commonly known as Asian wild ass, in which case the term onager was reserved for the subspecies E. h. onager, more specifically known as the Persian onager. More recently, the species share the same name, onager.
The onager is a member of the subgenus Asinus, belonging to the genus Equus and is classified under the family Equidae. The species was described and given its binomial name Equus hemionus by the German zoologist Peter Simon Pallas in 1775.
The Asiatic wild ass, among Old World equids, existed for more than 4 million years. The oldest divergence of Equus was the onager, followed by the zebras and onwards. A new species called the kiang (E. kiang), a Tibetan relative, was previously considered to be a subspecies of the onager as E. hemionus kiang, but recent molecular studies indicate it to be a distinct species, having diverged from the closest relative of the Mongolian wild ass's ancestor less than 500,000 years ago.
Six subspecies of the onager are widely accepted:
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