Sindhi literature (Sindhi: سنڌي ادب) is the collection of oral and written literature in the Sindhi language in prose (romantic tales and epic stories) and poetry (ghazals and nazm). The Sindhi language of the province of Sindh in Pakistan is considered one of the oldest languages of ancient India, and influenced the language of Indus Valley inhabitants. Sindhi literature has developed over a thousand years.

According to historians Nabi Bux Baloch, Rasool Bux Palijo, and G. M. Syed, Sindhi influenced Hindi in the pre-Islamic era. After the advent of Islam in the eighth century, Arabic and Persian influenced the region's inhabitants and were official languages. Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai, Shah Abdul Karim Bulri, Shaikh Ayaz and Ustad Bukhari are notable Sindhi poets.

Local Hindu rajas had ruled Sindh. In 712, the Arabs conquered the region. They did not speak Sindhi, but Sindhi writers and poets played a role in development of the Sindhi and Arabic languages. The Quran was translated into Sindhi, and Sindhi books were translated into Arabic. Sindhi qasida (odes) were written, and Sindhi books were used in religious schools. The Persian-language Sindh history Chach Nama was written at this time.

As the Arabs lost control of Sindh, Sindhi-speaking inhabitants became rulers. This period is known as the classical period of Sindhi literature, although Persian remained the administrative language and Arabic remained a religious language. The Soomra dynasty ruled Sindh for over three centuries. The Sindhi language expanded and new literary ideas were expressed in Gech (گيچ) and Gahi (ڳاھ).

This was a period of prosperity and Sindhi linguistic development; Sindhi was a source for Islamic preaching. Sindhi poetry and satire evolved. Baktar Jiramdas wrote:

[The] Sindhi language was made as a source for Islamic preaching. Apart from this, natural Sindhi poetry also started to set evolutionary goals. In the Arabic books, there is also this unprovenness. From what I know, at that time there was a satirical language and there was literature in it. In the 19th century AD, a traveling scholar "Acharya Adyutan" came to Sindh from the court of Saurashtra to study Sindh and Sindhi language. He died in 778 AD and wrote the book Kawab Malha Kaha on the basis of his study. But he writes about Sindhi poetry: "We are those Sindhi poets who had a taste for melodious songs. They sang their song in a very melodious manner with the delicacy of Minaj and Dar."

The Samma had been allied with the Soomra, but Hameer (the last Soomra ruler) was defeated by the Samma ruler Jam Unar. Jam Unar became the ruler of Thatta. Although this period is considered fruitful for Sindhi literature, Persian remained the administrative language and Arabic the religious language. Sindh's borders reached Multan, Bhawalwapur, Pasni, Khatiyawar, Makran, Sibi, Kuch and Kalat, and Thatta became a center of knowledge.

Shah Beg Arghun's father, Amir Zulnun Arghun, ruled Qandar on behalf of Mirza Shah Hussain Baiqra. In 1507, after Amir Zulnun Arghun's murder, Shah Beg Arghun took control of Shal-e-Sabi, Kabul and Kandar-Chidi in Balochistan. Due to the weakness of Jam Feroz, Jam Salahuddin rebelled; this led to civil war. Shah Beg Arghun conquered Sindh in 1521.