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Studebaker Silver Hawk
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| Studebaker Silver Hawk | |
|---|---|
1957 Studebaker Silver Hawk | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Studebaker |
| Assembly | Studebaker Automotive Plant, South Bend, Indiana, United States Studebaker Canada, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Studebaker Australia, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia[1] |
| Body and chassis | |
| Body style | 2-door coupe |
| Layout | FR layout |
The Studebaker Silver Hawk is an automobile produced in 1957, 1958 and 1959 by the Studebaker Corporation of South Bend, Indiana. Studebaker introduced the "Hawk" line in 1956, with four models based on the wheelbase and body of the '53 coupes and hardtops designed by Robert Bourke, as head of the design team Studebaker contracted from Raymond Loewy Associates. In 1956 the Golden Hawk, Sky Hawk and Power Hawk came with 352 cid, 289 cid and 259 cid v-8s respectively, while the Flight Hawk ran the Champion 185 cid engine. The Golden and Sky Hawks were hardtops; while the Power and Flight Hawks were pillared coupes. Only one of the four models in 1956 sported any fins, that being the Golden Hawk.
1957–1958
[edit]In 1957 the Silver Hawk was introduced as a pillared coupe, replacing both the Power Hawk and Flight Hawk. The 185 cid Champion engine was standard in the model, with the 259 Commander V-8 offered only in export models. The Sky Hawk was also dropped in 1957, resulting in only two Studebaker Hawk models offered that year, the Silver Hawk with Champion Six or standard 289 V-8 and the Golden Hawk with the supercharged President 289 V-8. A one-year-only model '58 Packard Hawk was also offered with the 289 supercharged engine.
In appearance, the Silver Hawk was plainer than the Golden Hawk. Besides being a coupe, while the Golden was always a hardtop, there was a bit less chrome, no supercharger or bulge in the hood, and a simpler two-tone paint scheme was adopted — simply one color below the chrome belt line and another above, but unlike the Golden Hawk, the lower color included the fin. Some dealers painted the fin only, and sometimes the deck lid recess and or the left and right "side grills" were painted in a contrasting Studebaker color. These usually matched the interior, some were Blue, Gold, Red, or Black and were better looking according to many owners than the factory two-tone paint scheme.
1959
[edit]For 1959, the Silver Hawk became the only Hawk model in production, largely because Studebaker dealers wanted a glamorous flagship model as a dealership draw. Those customers would more than likely walk out with Studebaker's last-ditch hope, the new Lark compact. In fact, the Silver Hawk was the only non-Lark model kept. Studebakers were also exported and rebuilt as CKD's (completely Knock Down) to Belgium. Prospects could order whatever model or options (with- or without fins) to suit their preference. Cars were built by D'Ieteren Frères of Belgium for European markets such as the Netherlands where Studebaker was quite popular.
Changes for 1959 included new tailfins, with the "Silver Hawk" script moved to the fins instead of on the trunk lid (where new individual block letters spelling out STUDEBAKER were placed), with a new Hawk badge in between the two words. The parking lights moved to the side grilles from the front fenders, chrome moldings around the windows (from the 1953–1954 models) similar to the Golden Hawk were added, and the interior was somewhere in between the two former models' levels of luxury. Two-tone paint was discontinued for all U.S. orders, though it was still available for export.

Under the hood (at least for U.S. models), buyers could choose the newly-shrunken (to pre-'55 size) 90 HP 169.6 cu in (2.8 L) six or the 259 cu in (4.2 L) V8 of 180 or 195 HP (depending on the choice of carburetor). The 289 was no longer available.
The 1959 model year was Studebaker's first profitable year in six years, thanks mostly to the Lark, and the rising tide of sales lifted the Silver Hawk, which sold 7,788 examples.
While the Silver Hawk was the only model offered in 1959, it too was dropped for 1960, with all models called simply Hawks. Largely unchanged externally from the 1959, internally, the major change was the return of the 289-cubic-inch (4.7 L) V8 last used in 1958. This was the only engine available for U.S. orders in both 1960 and 1961, the last year of the finned Hawk. Some six-cylinder and 259 cu in (4.2 L) V8 models were built for export markets.
The 1961 models saw the limited return of a second paint color, beige, in a stripe along the base of the fin between the two lower moldings. Interiors gained the option of wide, comfortable bucket seats; customers could opt to team their 289 V8 with a new four-speed Borg-Warner manual transmission, the same model used in the Chevrolet Corvette.
1960-61
[edit]

When the 1960 model year began, U.S. automakers were in the throes of a steel strike, and the shortage of steel hit Studebaker, which was a much smaller company than AMC or the Big Three, particularly hard. The 289 V-8 returned as the standard engine in the Hawk.
Studebaker had a proven sales winner in the 1959 Lark, which was continued into 1960 with little change. With steel in short supply, the company chose to focus on building as many Larks as possible to ensure an adequate supply for the company's dealers. This meant that Silver Hawk production for 1960, which had been scheduled to begin in November or December 1959, was delayed.
Sales of the Lark began to fall off in the closing months of 1959. By the beginning of February 1960, Hawks finally began to roll from the South Bend assembly line.
It isn't known what might have happened had Lark sales continued at their 1959 levels, but speculation has been advanced that the company might not have produced any Hawks. The lengthy delay between new-model announcement time and the start of Hawk production in 1960 shows just how close Studebaker came to not producing a model that they had at least halfheartedly promoted in print advertising and showroom brochures.
The Hawk lived on, and later that year a stock production model won its class in the 1960 Mobil Economy Run, delivering 22.9 miles per gallon.
The Hawk was replaced for 1962 by the restyled (by Brooks Stevens) Studebaker Gran Turismo Hawk.
Legacy
[edit]The South Bend Silver Hawks, the former minor league baseball Single-A Arizona Diamondbacks affiliate took its name from this model. Originally the logo and lettering on the teams' uniforms mirrored the logo and lettering on the car, but this has since changed to a more cartoon-esque design. The team was renamed the South Bend Cubs, following the 2014 season.
A Studebaker Hawk was featured as the title character's personal car in the 2012 Australian TV series Jack Irish.
A Studebaker Hawk was featured in the TV series Criminal Minds. Driven by the antagonist.
The model's name is parodied (as the character Studebaker Hoch) in the Frank Zappa song Billy the Mountain.
In the Roxy Music song Virginia Plain there is also a reference to Studebaker in the lyric ‘Far beyond the pale horizon Some place near the desert strand Where my Studebaker takes me That's where I'll make my stand’
References
[edit]- ^ 1964 Stude Grand Turismo, Restored Cars No 2, Jan./Feb. 1974, p. 34
Studebaker Silver Hawk
View on GrokipediaBackground
Origins in the Hawk Series
The Studebaker Corporation traces its origins to 1852, when brothers Henry and Clement Studebaker founded a blacksmith shop and wagon manufacturing business in South Bend, Indiana, initially producing heavy-duty wagons for farmers and pioneers heading west. By the late 19th century, the company had become one of the largest wagon producers in the United States, supplying vehicles to the Union Army during the Civil War and expanding into commercial carriages.[5][6] In 1902, Studebaker entered the automobile industry by acquiring the Electric Vehicle Company and beginning production of electric cars under the Studebaker Automobile Company name, marking a pivotal shift from horse-drawn vehicles to motorized transport. The company expanded further in 1904 with the introduction of gasoline-powered models, solidifying its position as an independent automaker and achieving significant success in the 1920s with models like the Big Six touring car. However, by the 1950s, Studebaker encountered severe financial challenges, including declining sales amid fierce competition from larger manufacturers like General Motors and Ford, quality control problems, high labor costs, and the need to modernize aging facilities. These pressures culminated in a merger with the Packard Motor Car Company on October 1, 1954, creating the Studebaker-Packard Corporation to pool resources and enhance competitiveness among shrinking independent producers.[5][7][8] Against this backdrop of consolidation and innovation, Studebaker launched the Hawk series in 1956 as a lineup of mid-sized personal luxury cars, marketed as "family sports cars" to blend elegance, performance, and practicality in coupe and hardtop forms. The series was introduced as a new lineup positioned as more affordable alternatives to the higher-end Commander and President models, reusing the established 1953 coupe body shell with minor styling updates while adapting proven mechanical underpinnings to target a broader audience in a market dominated by bigger rivals. Within this new family, the Silver Hawk emerged as the base pillared coupe variant, offering an accessible entry point to the Hawk's distinctive styling without the added complexity or cost of superchargers found in higher trims.[9][10] The Silver Hawk specifically succeeded the 1956 Power Hawk, which featured a 170-horsepower V-8, and the entry-level Flight Hawk, powered by a six-cylinder engine, consolidating these lower-tier options into a single, streamlined model for 1957. This repositioning emphasized affordability and simplicity, positioning the Silver Hawk as the foundational Hawk for buyers seeking style without premium power add-ons. The overall Hawk platform drew heavily from the groundbreaking 1953 Starlight Coupe, a low-slung design that introduced aircraft-inspired aerodynamics and a wraparound rear window, influencing the series' sleek profile and innovative proportions. Key to this evolution was the design firm Raymond Loewy Associates, whose team—led by Raymond Loewy and including principal designer Robert Bourke—refined the Starlight's legacy into the Hawk's cohesive aesthetic, ensuring continuity in Studebaker's reputation for forward-thinking style.[10][9][11][12]Development and Introduction
The development of the Studebaker Silver Hawk was finalized in late 1956, as Studebaker-Packard Corporation grappled with severe financial difficulties that threatened its survival.[13] The company, which had merged with Packard in 1954, faced mounting losses and production challenges, prompting a streamlined lineup to conserve resources while reusing the established 1953 coupe body shell with updated styling elements like tailfins and revised lighting.[14] Assembly primarily occurred at the main facility in South Bend, Indiana, with export versions built at the Hamilton, Ontario plant for the Canadian market and CKD kits assembled in Melbourne, Australia, to meet international demand efficiently.[2][15] The Silver Hawk was introduced for the 1957 model year as a more affordable counterpart to the premium Golden Hawk, targeting budget-conscious buyers seeking sporty performance without the higher-end features.[14] Base pricing started at approximately $2,142 for the six-cylinder version and $2,263 for the V8 model, positioning it as an accessible entry in the Hawk series.[16] This launch reflected Studebaker's strategy to broaden appeal amid competitive pressures from larger automakers, emphasizing the model's pillared coupe body and optional powertrains derived from the prior year's Hawk variants. Marketing for the Silver Hawk focused on its sporty character to attract younger demographics, highlighting the "Silver" designation to suggest sleekness, speed, and contemporary flair.[14] Advertisements and showroom displays showcased optional two-tone paint schemes, such as combinations of silver with contrasting accents on the roof and lower body, to enhance its youthful, dynamic image as a "family sports car."[17] Actual 1957 figures reached approximately 15,318 Silver Hawks, including both six-cylinder and V8 configurations, indicating stronger-than-expected initial reception.[16]Design and Features
Exterior Styling
The Studebaker Silver Hawk featured a distinctive envelope-style body derived from the 1953 Starlight coupe design by Robert Bourke, configured as a 2-door pillared coupe with a 120.5-inch wheelbase and an overall length of approximately 202 inches. This low-slung silhouette, with its fastback roofline and subtle fender contours, imparted a sporty, European-inspired profile that set it apart from more boxy American contemporaries. Aerodynamic elements included a wraparound windshield for improved airflow and a full-width rear glass panel, enhancing the car's sleek appearance while evolving from the 1956 Hawk series by adopting a less ornate trim compared to the pillarless Golden Hawk hardtop.[10][18][19] Introduced in 1957 as a replacement for the Power and Flight Hawk models, the Silver Hawk emphasized chrome accents for visual flair, including full-length side moldings, a simulated hood air scoop, aerodynamic backing plates on door handles, and polished surrounds on the grille and bumpers. Tailfins were added that year, featuring larger metal concave shapes without the sculptured contour lines of prior designs, paired with revised tail lights and deck lid for a more modern rear aspect. Color schemes offered two-tone options, such as silver over white or turquoise over Glenbrook Green, with the upper body and fins typically accented in the secondary hue.[2][10] By 1959, following the discontinuation of two-tone paint, the Silver Hawk shifted to solid colors, with parking lamps relocated to the side grilles and "Silver Hawk" script badges added to the fins on a black background for clearer model identification. These refinements maintained the Hawk's gran turismo aesthetic amid Studebaker's shrinking lineup.[19][10][19]Interior and Trim
The Studebaker Silver Hawk's interior emphasized personal luxury through thoughtful cabin layout and material choices, positioning it as a comfortable personal coupe for five passengers. Standard seating consisted of a bench-style front seat upholstered in durable cloth or vinyl fabrics, selected for their beauty and longevity, with patterns often featuring vertical pleats for a refined appearance. These materials coordinated with the exterior's two-tone paint schemes, enhancing the overall aesthetic harmony. Rear seating included fold-down armrests to improve comfort during longer journeys, while the full-width rear bench, enabled by a lowered floor tunnel, provided ample legroom for occupants.[20][21][22] The dashboard adopted a swept-back design with a machine-turned aluminum panel housing circular gauges for essential readouts, including a central speedometer flanked by auxiliary instruments for fuel, temperature, and amperage, offering full instrumentation praised for its clarity. A steering wheel with a prominent horn ring provided intuitive control, and optional accessories such as a clock and AM radio added convenience without overwhelming the clean layout. From 1959 onward, reclining front seats became available as an option, further elevating comfort, while optional seat belts were available in line with emerging industry standards.[23][24][10] Trim levels centered on a base configuration with painted metal accents on door panels and simpler upholstery, but upgrades allowed for enhanced luxury, including deluxe steering wheels and upgraded door panel inserts in higher-spec examples. The cabin's space utilization supported practical use, with approximately 15 cubic feet of trunk volume accessible via a rear decklid, sufficient for luggage on weekend trips, and overall passenger volume around 90 cubic feet to accommodate five adults comfortably.[10][21][25]Model Years
1957–1958
The Studebaker Silver Hawk debuted in 1957 as the base model in the Hawk lineup, equipped with a standard 185 cubic inch inline-six engine rated at 101 horsepower. Optional engines included a 289 cubic inch V8 (210 horsepower) for domestic markets and a 259 cubic inch V8 for exports. A total of 15,318 units were produced, including 4,283 six-cylinder models and 11,035 V8 versions, surpassing the Golden Hawk's output of 4,356 units and marking a strong initial reception for the more affordable pillarless coupe.[2][18] For 1958, minor styling revisions included a refined grille with horizontal accents and updated badging, such as a distinctive round Hawk emblem on the grille unique to that year. Production fell to 7,347 units amid the ongoing economic recession, which curtailed overall U.S. auto sales; the 289 cubic inch V8 was available domestically (up to 210 horsepower), while the 259 cubic inch V8 remained for exports, broadening appeal beyond the base six-cylinder.[3][26] Sales were hampered by intensifying competition from Chevrolet and Ford's compact offerings, like the revived Rambler American, which captured budget-conscious buyers seeking modern efficiency. Contemporary reviews commended the Silver Hawk's agile handling and responsive steering for its class, but often faulted the underpowered base inline-six for sluggish acceleration in everyday use.[10] Export models featured right-hand drive configurations for markets including Australia and the United Kingdom, with local assembly of Silver Hawks beginning in Melbourne, Australia, in 1958 to meet import regulations and reduce costs.[27]1959
The 1959 Studebaker Silver Hawk marked the final year of production for the model under its original branding, continuing as a full-sized coupe amid Studebaker's broader lineup refresh. Despite plans to discontinue the Hawk series due to sluggish sales in 1958, dealer feedback prompted its retention as a single trim level, positioning it as a sporty counterpart to the newly introduced compact Lark sedan. This decision allowed the Silver Hawk to benefit from the company's revitalized market presence, with styling updates emphasizing a more contemporary aesthetic while maintaining its established proportions on the 120-inch wheelbase C-body platform.[4][21] Key styling revisions for 1959 included revised tailfins with larger, concave metal designs that integrated more smoothly into the rear fenders, eliminating the previous year's sculptured side contour lines for a cleaner profile. Chrome "Silver Hawk" lettering was added to the fins, along with new chrome window moldings and updated badging; park/turn signals were relocated from the fender tops to the rear for improved visibility. U.S. models adopted a single-tone paint scheme as standard, contrasting with optional two-tone applications available in prior years, while new wheelcovers contributed to a sleeker appearance. These changes, overseen by chief stylist Duncan McRae, aligned the Silver Hawk with late-1950s trends without altering its core hardtop coupe silhouette, which measured approximately 204 inches in overall length.[10][21] Production totaled 7,788 units, comprising 5,371 V8-powered examples and 2,417 six-cylinder variants, representing the highest sales volume for the Silver Hawk series. This uptick was significantly influenced by the debut of the economical Lark compact, which nearly tripled Studebaker's overall passenger car sales to around 130,000 units and returned the company to profitability for the first time in five years. The Lark's success in the burgeoning compact market drew attention to the broader Studebaker lineup, elevating the Silver Hawk's visibility as an accessible performance-oriented coupe priced from $2,360 for the six-cylinder model to $2,495 for the V8. Advertising emphasized the Silver Hawk's balanced performance, with the base 170-cubic-inch six-cylinder delivering 90 horsepower and the optional 259-cubic-inch V8 at 180 horsepower (or 195 with optional four-barrel carburetor and dual exhaust) and improved fuel efficiency relative to larger competitors, appealing to buyers seeking style without excessive operating costs.[1][4][21] For export markets, limited two-tone paint options were offered on select Silver Hawk units, often paired with whitewall tires in dealer-customized packages to suit international preferences. These variants, produced in smaller numbers, highlighted Studebaker's efforts to expand globally amid the Lark's domestic triumph.[21][28][29]1960–1961
In 1960, Studebaker simplified the model's name by dropping the "Silver" badge, rebranding it simply as the Hawk to broaden its appeal beyond a specific trim level. This change coincided with the standardization of the 289 cubic inch V8 engine for domestic models, available in 210 horsepower with a two-barrel carburetor or 225 horsepower with a four-barrel carburetor and dual exhausts, on the established C-body platform. Production reached 4,507 units that year, including 3,117 built in South Bend, 220 in Canada, and 568 for export, reflecting a focus on mechanical reliability with upgrades like heavier-duty transmissions and finned brake drums. However, sales were hampered by the company's shift toward economy models like the Lark sedan, which overshadowed the performance-oriented Hawk.[30] For 1961, minor styling updates included a color band on the rear fins—often in beige—to refresh the aging design, alongside optional semi-bucket seats and a center console for a more sporty interior. The 289 V8 remained standard, with the 225-horsepower version emphasizing performance through dual exhausts, and a Borg-Warner T-10 four-speed manual transmission became available as an option. Production declined to 3,929 units amid Studebaker's worsening financial situation, with 3,719 assembled in South Bend, 223 in Canada, and 589 for export markets where a new 170 cubic inch overhead-valve six-cylinder engine was offered. Marketing pivoted toward a "continental Gran Turismo" image to highlight sophistication, but the Hawk struggled against dominant competitors.[30][31] The Hawk line concluded in December 1961, with the final units marking the end of the original pillarless hardtop coupe design derived from the 1953 Loewy styling. This model's dual-exhaust setup and performance tuning directly influenced the 1962 Gran Turismo Hawk, which adopted a restyled body while retaining the 289 V8 as its powerplant. Overall, the 1960–1961 Hawks represented a transitional phase, prioritizing engineering refinements over radical changes as Studebaker grappled with declining market share.[32][30]Technical Specifications
Engines and Drivetrain
The Studebaker Silver Hawk utilized a range of inline-six engines across its production years from 1957 to 1959, serving as the standard powerplant for domestic models. The 1957 model featured a 185-cubic-inch L-head inline-six producing 101 horsepower at 4,000 rpm and 150 lb-ft of torque at 1,800 rpm. By 1958, output remained similar at 101 horsepower for the 185-cubic-inch unit, while the 1959 version downsized slightly to a 169.6-cubic-inch L-head inline-six rated at 90 horsepower at 4,000 rpm and 150 lb-ft of torque at 1,800 rpm. These engines were paired with a single-barrel carburetor and emphasized reliability for everyday driving.[16][33][1] V8 engines were available as options, initially limited to export markets in 1957 with a 259-cubic-inch overhead-valve unit delivering 180 horsepower.[34] For 1958 domestic models, buyers could select either the 259-cubic-inch V8 at 180 horsepower or the larger 289-cubic-inch V8 at 210 horsepower, with an optional four-barrel carburetor boosting the 289 to 225 horsepower and 305 lb-ft of torque. In 1959, the Silver Hawk reverted to the 259-cubic-inch V8 exclusively for V8-equipped cars, rated at 180 horsepower with a two-barrel carburetor (upgradable to 195 horsepower with a four-barrel carburetor and dual exhaust).[4] Related Hawk models like the Golden Hawk incorporated a supercharger on the 289-cubic-inch V8 for up to 275 horsepower, but this was not offered on the Silver Hawk.[34][3][4] All Silver Hawk models employed rear-wheel drive with a Borg-Warner three-speed manual transmission as standard, featuring column-mounted shifting. Optional upgrades included overdrive for the manual or the three-speed Flight-O-Matic automatic transmission, which used a torque converter for smoother operation. Rear axle ratios varied from 3.54:1 for economy-focused setups to 3.92:1 for performance-oriented configurations, typically housed in a Dana 44 differential.[35][36][37] Performance for V8-equipped Silver Hawks typically included 0-60 mph acceleration in 10 to 12 seconds, top speeds around 105 to 110 mph, and fuel economy ranging from 15 to 20 miles per gallon in mixed driving conditions, depending on engine choice and transmission. The inline-six variants were more modest, achieving 0-60 mph in approximately 13 to 14 seconds with similar top speeds but better efficiency near the upper end of the fuel economy range.[38][39][40]| Year | Engine Type | Displacement (cid) | Horsepower | Torque (lb-ft) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1957 | Inline-six | 185 | 101 @ 4,000 rpm | 150 @ 1,800 rpm | Standard; L-head |
| 1957 | V8 (export) | 259 | 180 | N/A | Optional for exports only |
| 1958 | Inline-six | 185 | 101 @ 4,000 rpm | 152 @ 1,800 rpm | Standard |
| 1958 | V8 | 259 | 180 | N/A | Optional; two-barrel |
| 1958 | V8 | 289 | 210 (225 w/4-bbl) | 300 (305 w/4-bbl) | Optional; OHV |
| 1959 | Inline-six | 169.6 | 90 @ 4,000 rpm | 150 @ 1,800 rpm | Standard; L-head |
| 1959 | V8 | 259 | 180 | N/A | Optional; two-barrel |
