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TRAPPIST-1f
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TRAPPIST-1f
TRAPPIST-1f is an exoplanet, likely rocky, orbiting within the habitable zone around the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, located 40.7 light-years (12.5 parsecs) away from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured.
It was one of four new exoplanets to be discovered orbiting the star in 2017 using observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope.
The planet is likely tidally locked, and has been depicted as an eyeball planet in artistic impressions by NASA.
TRAPPIST-1f is an Earth-sized exoplanet, meaning it has a radius close to that of Earth. It has an equilibrium temperature of 218 K (−55 °C; −67 °F). It has a radius of 1.045 R🜨 and a mass of 1.039 M🜨. It was initially estimated to have a much lower mass, and thus a low density of 3.3±0.9 g/cm3 and a surface gravity around 6.1 m/s2 (62% of Earth's value). This suggested a large amount of volatiles, with a 2017 study suggesting that a water ocean may comprise as much as 20% of the planet's mass, increasing the temperature at the bottom of such an ocean to above 1,400 K (1,130 °C; 2,060 °F). However, refined density estimates show that TRAPPIST-1f, like other planets in the system, is only slightly less dense than Earth, consistent with a rocky composition.
According to simulations of magma ocean-atmosphere interaction, TRAPPIST-1f is likely to retain a fraction of primordial steam atmosphere during the initial stages of evolution, and therefore today is likely to possess a thick ocean covered by atmosphere rich in abiotic oxygen. Helium emission from TRAPPIST-1f (and planets b and e) has not been detected as of 2022.
The planet orbits an (M-type) ultracool dwarf star named TRAPPIST-1. The star has a mass of 0.08 M☉ and a radius of 0.11 R☉. It has a temperature of 2550 K and is at least 7-8 billion years old. In comparison, the Sun is 4.6 billion years old and has a temperature of 5778 K. The star is metal-rich, with a metallicity ([Fe/H]) of 0.04, or 109% the solar amount. This is particularly odd as such low-mass stars near the boundary between brown dwarfs and hydrogen-fusing stars should be expected to have considerably less metal content than the Sun; on the other hand, metal-rich stars are also more likely to have planets than metal-poor ones. Its luminosity (L☉) is 0.05% of that of the Sun.
The star's apparent magnitude, or how bright it appears from Earth's perspective, is 18.8. Therefore, it is too dim to be seen with the naked eye.
TRAPPIST-1f orbits its host star with an orbital period of about 9.206 days and an orbital radius of about 0.037 times that of Earth's (compared to the distance of Mercury from the Sun, which is about 0.38 AU).
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TRAPPIST-1f
TRAPPIST-1f is an exoplanet, likely rocky, orbiting within the habitable zone around the ultracool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, located 40.7 light-years (12.5 parsecs) away from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured.
It was one of four new exoplanets to be discovered orbiting the star in 2017 using observations from the Spitzer Space Telescope.
The planet is likely tidally locked, and has been depicted as an eyeball planet in artistic impressions by NASA.
TRAPPIST-1f is an Earth-sized exoplanet, meaning it has a radius close to that of Earth. It has an equilibrium temperature of 218 K (−55 °C; −67 °F). It has a radius of 1.045 R🜨 and a mass of 1.039 M🜨. It was initially estimated to have a much lower mass, and thus a low density of 3.3±0.9 g/cm3 and a surface gravity around 6.1 m/s2 (62% of Earth's value). This suggested a large amount of volatiles, with a 2017 study suggesting that a water ocean may comprise as much as 20% of the planet's mass, increasing the temperature at the bottom of such an ocean to above 1,400 K (1,130 °C; 2,060 °F). However, refined density estimates show that TRAPPIST-1f, like other planets in the system, is only slightly less dense than Earth, consistent with a rocky composition.
According to simulations of magma ocean-atmosphere interaction, TRAPPIST-1f is likely to retain a fraction of primordial steam atmosphere during the initial stages of evolution, and therefore today is likely to possess a thick ocean covered by atmosphere rich in abiotic oxygen. Helium emission from TRAPPIST-1f (and planets b and e) has not been detected as of 2022.
The planet orbits an (M-type) ultracool dwarf star named TRAPPIST-1. The star has a mass of 0.08 M☉ and a radius of 0.11 R☉. It has a temperature of 2550 K and is at least 7-8 billion years old. In comparison, the Sun is 4.6 billion years old and has a temperature of 5778 K. The star is metal-rich, with a metallicity ([Fe/H]) of 0.04, or 109% the solar amount. This is particularly odd as such low-mass stars near the boundary between brown dwarfs and hydrogen-fusing stars should be expected to have considerably less metal content than the Sun; on the other hand, metal-rich stars are also more likely to have planets than metal-poor ones. Its luminosity (L☉) is 0.05% of that of the Sun.
The star's apparent magnitude, or how bright it appears from Earth's perspective, is 18.8. Therefore, it is too dim to be seen with the naked eye.
TRAPPIST-1f orbits its host star with an orbital period of about 9.206 days and an orbital radius of about 0.037 times that of Earth's (compared to the distance of Mercury from the Sun, which is about 0.38 AU).
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