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Tablet of Shamash
The Tablet of Shamash (also known as the Sun God Tablet or the Nabuapaliddina Tablet) is a stele recovered from the ancient Babylonian city of Sippar in southern Iraq in 1881; it is now a major piece in the British Museum's ancient Middle East collection and is a visual attestation of Babylonian cosmology. It is dated to the reign of King Nabu-apla-iddina ca. 888 – 855 BC.
The tablet was discovered during excavations by Hormuzd Rassam between 1878 and 1883. The tablet was found complete but broken into two large and six small pieces. By the time of King Nabopolassar, between 625 and 605 BC, it had broken into four parts and been repaired. The terracotta coffer also contained two clay impressions of the tablet's presentation scene. The coffer was sealed under an asphalt temple floor. It has been suggested that the coffer also contained a second tablet as well as a third clay impression (now in the Istanbul Archaeology Museums).
It was encased in a clay cast or "squeeze" that created impressions when placed over the face of the stone and protected it. This indicates that the tablet was an item of reverence, possibly stored due to newer traditions. The tablet has serrated edges like a saw. The bas-relief on the top of the obverse (pictured) shows Shamash, the Sun God, beneath symbols of the sun, moon and star. Shamash is depicted in a seated position, wearing a horned headdress, holding the rod-and-ring symbol in his right hand. There is another large sun disk in front of him on an altar, suspended from above by two figures. Of the three figures on the left, the central one is dressed in the same fashion as Shamash and is assumed to be the Babylonian king Nabu-apla-iddina receiving the symbols of deity.[citation needed]
The bas relief can be superimposed with two orders of golden rectangles.
The scene contains three inscriptions. The first, at the head of the tablet reads:
(1) ṣal-lam (ilu)Šamaš bêlu rabû
(2) a-šib E-babbar-ra
(3) ša ki-rib Sippar(KI)
(1) Image of Shamash, the great Lord
(2) who dwells in Ebabbara,
(3) which is in Sippar
Above the sun god a second inscription describes the position of the depicted moon, sun, and star as being over against the heavenly ocean, on which the scene sits:
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Tablet of Shamash AI simulator
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Tablet of Shamash
The Tablet of Shamash (also known as the Sun God Tablet or the Nabuapaliddina Tablet) is a stele recovered from the ancient Babylonian city of Sippar in southern Iraq in 1881; it is now a major piece in the British Museum's ancient Middle East collection and is a visual attestation of Babylonian cosmology. It is dated to the reign of King Nabu-apla-iddina ca. 888 – 855 BC.
The tablet was discovered during excavations by Hormuzd Rassam between 1878 and 1883. The tablet was found complete but broken into two large and six small pieces. By the time of King Nabopolassar, between 625 and 605 BC, it had broken into four parts and been repaired. The terracotta coffer also contained two clay impressions of the tablet's presentation scene. The coffer was sealed under an asphalt temple floor. It has been suggested that the coffer also contained a second tablet as well as a third clay impression (now in the Istanbul Archaeology Museums).
It was encased in a clay cast or "squeeze" that created impressions when placed over the face of the stone and protected it. This indicates that the tablet was an item of reverence, possibly stored due to newer traditions. The tablet has serrated edges like a saw. The bas-relief on the top of the obverse (pictured) shows Shamash, the Sun God, beneath symbols of the sun, moon and star. Shamash is depicted in a seated position, wearing a horned headdress, holding the rod-and-ring symbol in his right hand. There is another large sun disk in front of him on an altar, suspended from above by two figures. Of the three figures on the left, the central one is dressed in the same fashion as Shamash and is assumed to be the Babylonian king Nabu-apla-iddina receiving the symbols of deity.[citation needed]
The bas relief can be superimposed with two orders of golden rectangles.
The scene contains three inscriptions. The first, at the head of the tablet reads:
(1) ṣal-lam (ilu)Šamaš bêlu rabû
(2) a-šib E-babbar-ra
(3) ša ki-rib Sippar(KI)
(1) Image of Shamash, the great Lord
(2) who dwells in Ebabbara,
(3) which is in Sippar
Above the sun god a second inscription describes the position of the depicted moon, sun, and star as being over against the heavenly ocean, on which the scene sits: