Thymopentin

Thymopentin

Clinical data
Other names	L-arginyl-L-lysyl-L-α-aspartyl-L-valyl-L-tyrosine
ATC code	L03AX09 (WHO)
Identifiers
IUPAC name (3S)-3-[[(2S)-6-amino-2-[[(2S)-2-amino-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]hexanoyl]amino]-4-[[(2S)-1-[[(2S)-1-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-oxopropan-2-yl]amino]-3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoic acid
CAS Number	69558-55-0 Y
PubChem CID	451417
ChemSpider	397640 Y
UNII	O3Y80ZF13F
KEGG	D06117 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL156025 Y
NIAID ChemDB	000127
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9046609
ECHA InfoCard	100.242.320
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C30H49N9O9
Molar mass	679.776 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C(N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)Cc1ccc(O)cc1)C(C)C)CC(=O)O)CCCCN)[C@@H](N)CCC/N=C(\N)N
InChI InChI=1S/C30H49N9O9/c1-16(2)24(28(46)38-22(29(47)48)14-17-8-10-18(40)11-9-17)39-27(45)21(15-23(41)42)37-26(44)20(7-3-4-12-31)36-25(43)19(32)6-5-13-35-30(33)34/h8-11,16,19-22,24,40H,3-7,12-15,31-32H2,1-2H3,(H,36,43)(H,37,44)(H,38,46)(H,39,45)(H,41,42)(H,47,48)(H4,33,34,35)/t19-,20-,21-,22-,24-/m0/s1 Y Key:PSWFFKRAVBDQEG-YGQNSOCVSA-N Y
(verify)

Thymopentin is a thymic polypeptide derivative which interacts with T cells and acts as an immunostimulant.^[1][2][3][4] As such, it was used in several clinical studies in the early years of the AIDS pandemic (from 1983 to 1985). Thymopentin helped to improve immunological condition in some patients for a brief time under specific treatments.^[5][6][7] It has also been investigated more recently for applications in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,^[8] and lung cancer.^[9]

1. ^ Liu Z, Zheng X, Wang J, Wang E (December 2007). Egli M (ed.). "Molecular analysis of thymopentin binding to HLA-DR molecules". PLOS ONE. 2 (12) e1348. Bibcode:2007PLoSO...2.1348L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001348. PMC 2137936. PMID 18159232.
2. ^ Peng Y, Chen Z, Yu W, Zhou Q, Xu L, Mao FF, et al. (October 2008). "Effects of thymic polypeptides on the thymopoiesis of mouse embryonic stem cells". Cell Biology International. 32 (10): 1265–1271. doi:10.1016/j.cellbi.2008.07.011. PMID 18692582. S2CID 24144448.
3. ^ Wen Z, Li H, Zhou C, Chen L, Zhang L, Chen Y, et al. (January 2024). "Thymopentin plays a key role in restoring the function of macrophages to alleviate the sepsis process". International Immunopharmacology. 126 111295. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111295. PMID 38048668.
4. ^ Chen X, Ruan Y, Xie J, Huang X, Zhang C, Cui Y, et al. (September 2025). "Effectiveness and safety of thymopentin for infection prophylaxis in peritoneal dialysis patients: a retrospective study". BMC Nephrology. 26 (1) 538. doi:10.1186/s12882-025-04465-w. PMC 12481784. PMID 41023915.
5. ^ Mascart-Lemone F, Huygen K, Clumeck N, Brenez D, Bolla K, Duchateau J (September 1983). "Stimulation of cellular function by thymopentin (TP-5) in three AIDS patients". Lancet. 2 (8352): 735–736. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(83)92271-7. PMID 6193382. S2CID 519367.
6. ^ Clumeck N, van de Perre P, Mascart-Lemone F, Cran S, Bolla K, Duchateau J (1984). "Preliminary results on clinical and immunological effects of thymopentin in AIDS". International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology Research. 4 (6): 459–463. PMID 6398315.
7. ^ Clumeck N, Cran S, Van de Perre P, Mascart-Lemone F, Duchateau J, Bolla K (1985). "Thymopentin treatment in AIDS and pre-AIDS patients". Survey of Immunologic Research. 4 (Suppl 1): 58–62. doi:10.1007/BF02919057. PMID 3898293. S2CID 36555170.
8. ^ Sundal E, Bertelletti D (October 1994). "Thymopentin treatment of rheumatoid arthritis". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 44 (10): 1145–1149. PMID 7818590.
9. ^ Liu Y, Lu J (2023). "Mechanism and clinical application of thymosin in the treatment of lung cancer". Frontiers in Immunology. 14 1237978. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1237978. PMC 10493777. PMID 37701432.

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