Timeline of New Orleans

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.

Historical affiliations

Kingdom of France 1718–1763
Kingdom of Spain 1763–1802
French First Republic 1802–1803
United States of America 1803–1861
State of Louisiana 1861
Confederate States of America 1861–1862
United States of America 1862–present

18th century

1718 – La Nouvelle-Orléans founded by Jean-Baptiste Le Moyne de Bienville of the Mississippi Company.^[1]
1722 – Capital of La Louisiane is relocated to New Orleans, from Biloxi.^[1]
1724 - Code Noir implemented in Congo Square gave enslaved Africans Sundays off "to dance".^[2]
1734 – Ursuline Convent built.
1752 – Modern-day Ursuline Convent building is finished, today the oldest and finest French Colonial building in the U.S.
1762 – French colony ceded to Spain under Alejandro O'Reilly.
1768 - Population: 3.200. (approx).^[1]
1769 - New Orleans City Archives established.^[3]
1770s – Lafitte's Blacksmith Shop was built, one of the oldest extant buildings in New Orleans.
1779–1781 – Governor-general Bernardo de Gálvez successfully wages the Gulf Coast campaign against British West Florida, as part of the Anglo-Spanish War (1779–83) and in support of the American Revolutionary War.
1788
- Great New Orleans Fire.^[2]
- Lafayette Square laid out (approximate date), by the Surveyor-general Charles Trudeau, who would later serve as interim mayor.
- Madame John's Legacy was built, today a rare example of a raised cottage in the French Quarter.
1789 – Saint Louis Cemetery established.
1792 – Theatre de la Rue Saint Pierre opened.
1794
- 2nd Great New Orleans Fire
- St. Louis Cathedral built on the site of an earlier Catholic church.
- Carondelet Canal constructed.
1799 – Cabildo (seat of Spanish colonial city hall ) rebuilding completed.

19th century

1800s–1840s

1801 – France regains power, on paper.
1803
- Napoleon sells a huge swath of North America to the U.S. via the Louisiana Purchase. Formalities of the Spanish transfer to France and the French cession to the United States do not take place until November and December, at the Cabildo; with Upper Louisiana (St. Louis)'s ceremony occurring in the spring of 1804.^[2]
- Etienne de Boré becomes the first mayor, under territorial Governor William C. C. Claiborne.
- Population: 10,000. (approx).^[1]
1804
- Orleans Gazette newspaper begins publication.^[4]
- The Territory of Orleans (future state of Louisiana) is established, with the seat of government in New Orleans.
1805 – New Orleans incorporated as a city
1806 – New Orleans Mechanics Society instituted.^[5]
1810 – Population: 17,242.^[6]
1811 – Largest slave revolt in American history occurs nearby, with Orleans Parish involved in its aftermath.
1812
- April – Louisiana becomes a state, with New Orleans as its first capital.
- August – 1812 Louisiana hurricane
1813 – The Presbytere built.
1815
- January – Battle of New Orleans
- Charity Hospital built.^[7]
- Théâtre d'Orléans opens.
1816 – First licensed pharmacist in the United States, Louis J. Dufilho Jr.^[8]
1817 – First Congregational Church built.^[7]
1818 – Fort Pike built.
1822 – Fort Macomb built.
1824
- American Theatre built.^[9]
- Pontchartrain Hotel built at Spanish Fort.^[10]
- Camp Street Theatre becomes the first English language theater constructed in New Orleans.
1827
- L’Abeille de la Nouvelle-Orléans newspaper begins publication.
- Algiers ferry in operation, which has run continuously to the present day.
1830 – Introduction of natural gas
1831 – Pontchartrain Railroad begins operating.
1832 – First steam-powered cotton press
1833 – Lafayette Cemetery is founded.
1834 – Medical College of Louisiana and U.S. Mint established.
1835
- New Orleans and Carrollton Railroad begins operating, which became today's streetcar lines.
- U.S. military barracks^[7] and First Presbyterian Church built.^[7]
- St. Charles Theatre in operation.
- Convent of the Holy Family founded.^[2]
1836
- City is divided into three municipalities, which system existed for about twenty years.
- St. Louis Hotel in business.^[2]^[11]
- Female Orphan Asylum in operation.^[7]
1837
- The Picayune newspaper begins publication.
- U.S. economic recession begins with the Panic of 1837.
- Christ Church built.^[7]
1838
- St. Charles Hotel in business.^[2]^[12]
- New Basin Canal opens, connecting uptown and the lakefront.
- St. Vincent De Paul Church built.
1840
- Population reaches approximately 102,000 or double the 1830 population. At this point, New Orleans is the wealthiest city in the nation, the third-most populous city, and the largest city in the South. (New York City's population was 312,000. Baltimore and New Orleans were the same size, with Baltimore showing only 100 more people.)^[6]
- Beginning of the city's public school system
- 25th anniversary celebration of the Battle of New Orleans victory, with former President Andrew Jackson in attendance
- Antoine's restaurant in business.
- St. Patrick's Church built.^[1]
- Cypress Grove Cemetery^[13] and First German Lutheran Congregation established.^[14]
1841
- The Boston Club formed.^[15]
- St. Augustine Church founded.
1842
- St. Augustine Church dedicated.
- Holy Family Sisters founded.^[16]
1844 - 824 Canal Street built by James Gallier for Dr William Newton Mercer, a planter from Mississippi who served as a surgeon in the War of 1812.
1845 – City Hall built.
1846
- Public School Library, 1st District, established.^[17]
- Jackson monument erected.^[2]
- De Bow's Commercial Review begins publication.
1847 – University of Louisiana Law School opens.
1849
- State capital is relocated to the then-small-town of Baton Rouge.^[2]
- Flood.^[2]

1850s–1890s

1850's - St. Louis Cathedral rebuilding completed.
1852
- Lafayette becomes part of city.
- Union Race Course opens.
- Touro Infirmary founded.^[18]

1853
- City Park established.
- Major yellow fever epidemic.
1855 – Swiss Benevolent Society founded.^[19]
1856
- Mistick Krewe of Comus founded.
- Last Island hurricane dumps 13 inches of rainfall on the city.
- Texas and New Orleans Railroad founded.
1857
- Saint Alphonsus Church built.
- The Pickwick Club formed.^[2]
1859
- French Opera House opens.^[20]^[2]
- Locust Grove Cemetery established.^[13]
1860
- Louisiana Historical Society incorporated.^[21]
- St. Mary's Assumption Church built.
- Population: 168,675.^[6]
1861 – January – Louisiana votes to secede from the Union.
1862
- Capture of New Orleans by Union forces.
- Café du Monde in business.
- Harmony Club formed.^[2]
1863 – New-Orleans Times newspaper begins publication.^[4]
1866 – New Orleans riot
1867 – Another in the long series of yellow fever epidemics; this one took its toll in Texas, as well.
1868
- Louisiana readmitted to the Union.
- Straight University founded.
1869 – New Orleans University founded.^[22]
1870
- Algiers and Jefferson City annexed.
- Leland College established.
- Population: 191,418.^[6]
1871
- New Orleans Cotton Exchange established.^[2]
- Audubon Park established.^[2]
1874
- Carrollton annexed.
- Battle of Liberty Place, white insurrection against the Reconstruction government.^[2]
1876
- St. Roch Cemetery chapel dedicated.^[23]
- New Orleans Lawn Tennis Club^[24] and Athénée Louisianais founded.^[2]
1879 – Unsightly beggar ordinance effected.^[25]
1880 – Population: 216,090.^[6]
1881 – Southern University opens.
1882 - Flood.^[2]
1883 – Theatre built at Spanish Fort.^[10]
1884 – World Cotton Centennial held.
1886
- Christ Church Cathedral founded.
- New Orleans Camera Club organized.^[26]
1887 – Howard Memorial Library built.^[2]
1889 – Louisiana Historical Association founded.
1890
- Confederate Memorial Hall built. Commander's Palace restaurant opens.
- Jefferson City Buzzards Mardi Gras Marching Club formed and will live to become the oldest marching club.
- Population: 242,039.^[6]
1891
- Jackson Brewery building constructed.
- Liberty Monument erected.^[27]
- Italian troubles of 1891.^[2]
1892
- New Orleans Union Station opens.
- Street Railway Union established.^[28]
- June – Homer Plessy arrested.
- 1892 New Orleans general strike.^[29]

1893
- Electric streetcars begin operating.
- The Roosevelt New Orleans Hotel opens as Hotel Grunewald.
1894 – U.S. Naval Station built.^[2]
1895
- 1895 New Orleans dockworkers riot
- Hennen Building completed.
1896 – Fisk Free and Public Library opens.^[2]
1897 – Storyville district established.
1898 - City Board of Health created.^[3]
1900
- Robert Charles Riots
- Art Association of New Orleans founded.^[30]
- Development of Garden District concluded.
- Population: 287,104.^[31]

20th century

1900s–1940s

1901 – Louisiana hurricane causes much flooding in the city, due partly to the overflowing Carondelet Canal.
1904 – Loyola College established.
1905 – Galatoire's restaurant in business.
1906
- Louisiana State Museum founded.
- Beth Israel synagogue opens.
1907
- Dixie Brewing Company in business.
- New Orleans Library Club formed.^[32]
- White City amusement park in business.
1908 – New Orleans Public Library main branch building opens.
1909 – The Grand Isle hurricane causes much New Orleans flooding.
1910 – Population: 339,075.^[6]^[2]
1911 – Delgado Museum of Art and Young Women's Christian Association (YWCA) of New Orleans established.^[33]
1914 – Audubon Zoo established.^[34]
1915
- Xavier College established.^[22]
- 1915 New Orleans hurricane inflicts great wind damage, destroying churches and the Presbytere's cupola.
1916 – Our Lady of Holy Cross College and Zulu Social Aid & Pleasure Club established.
1917
- Livery Stable Blues recorded by the Original Dixieland Jass Band.
- Storyville closed.
1918
- 1918 influenza epidemic.^[35]
- Arnaud's restaurant in business.
1919 – The French Opera House is destroyed by fire
1920
- Broussard's restaurant in business.
- Population: 387,219.^[6]
1921
- Delgado Central Trades School opens.
- Orpheum Theater in operation.
- Hibernia Bank Building constructed.
1922 - WWL radio begins broadcasting.^[36]
1923
- WDSU radio begins broadcasting.^[36]
- Notre Dame Seminary founded.
- Roosevelt Hotel in business.
- Industrial Canal Lock built.
1924
- New Orleans Item-Tribune newspaper begins publication.
- Women's "Petit Salon" organized.^[37]
1925
- WSMB radio begins broadcasting.^[36]
- Lakeview Presbyterian Church built.
1926
- WBNO and WJBW radio begin broadcasting.^[36]
- State Palace Theatre built.
- Tulane Stadium opens.
1927
- Saenger Theatre opens.
- First National Bank of Commerce Building constructed.
- Pontchartrain Hotel in business.
1928 – Pontchartrain Beach amusement park opens.
1929 – National American Bank Building constructed.
1930
- Dillard University chartered.
- Municipal Auditorium opens.
- Broadmoor Improvement Association formed.^[38]
- Population: 458,762.^[6]
1932 – Bureau of Governmental Research established.^[39]^[40]
1933 – O'Brien's in business.
1935 – Sugar Bowl begins.
1936 – New Orleans Botanical Garden opens.
1937 – New Orleans Roosevelt Review begins publication.^[41]
1938
- Zurich Classic of New Orleans golf tournament begins.
- Vieux Carré Property Owners, Residents, and Associates preservation group incorporated.^[42]
1939
- Charity Hospital built.
- Lincoln Beach amusement park in business.
1943 - New Orleans Opera Association formed.^[20]
1946
- Moisant International Airport opens.^[43]
- Foreign trade zone established in the Port of New Orleans.^[44]
- New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary formed.
1947
- Joy Theater opens.
- New Orleans Emergency Medical Services established.
- September hurricane creates tremendous flooding, shutting down Moisant Airport.
1948 - WDSU-TV (television) begins broadcasting.^[45]
1949 – Middle South Utilities in business.

1950s–1990s

1950 – New Orleans Pharmacy Museum opens.^[46]
1951 - St. Augustine High School opens to educate African-American young men preparing for college.
1953 - WJMR-TV (television) begins broadcasting.^[45]
1954
- McDonogh Day Boycott
- New Orleans Union Passenger Terminal opens.
1956
- Louisiana State University in New Orleans and Southern University at New Orleans established.
- Lake Pontchartrain Causeway opens.
1957
- Pontchartrain Expressway opens.
- Harvey Tunnel built.
1958 – Greater New Orleans Bridge opens.
1959 - WVUE-TV (television) begins broadcasting.^[45]
1960 – November 14: Desegregation of New Orleans Public Schools begins, with The New Orleans Four (Gail Etienne, Ruby Bridges, Leona Tate and Tessie Prevost) Gail, Leona and Tessie enrolled at McDonogh 19 Elementary and Ruby enrolled at William Frantz Elementary.
1965
- Annual Marathon race begins.
- I-10 Twin Span Bridge opens.
- Hurricane Betsy causes great damage to the city, the worst before Katrina 40 years later.
1966 – Historic New Orleans Collection and Amistad Research Center established.^[47]
1967
- New Orleans Saints football team formed.
- International Trade Mart building constructed.
1969
- Plaza Tower built.
- Hurricane Camille inflicts $320 million damage in Louisiana.
1970 – Jazz Fest begins.
1972 – One Shell Square built.
1973
- UpStairs Lounge arson attack
- Sniper Mark Essex attacks police in a shooting spree at a Howard Johnsons hotel.
- New Orleans Center for Creative Arts opened.
1974
- New Orleans Jazz basketball team formed.
- Preservation Resource Center founded.
1975
- Superdome opens.
- WYLD-FM begins airing in an R&B format.
1978
- Ernest N. Morial is elected as city's first African-American mayor.
- New Orleans Academy of Fine Arts established.
1979
- K-Paul's Louisiana Kitchen in business.
- Annual Crescent City Classic running race begins.
- New Orleans Regional Transit Authority established.
- New Orleans Jazz basketball team relocates to Utah and becomes the Utah Jazz.
1980
- Longue Vue House and Gardens opens.^[48]
- Radio WWOZ begins broadcasting.
1981 – New Orleans Mint museum active.
1983
- Lakefront Arena opens.
- Luling Bridge opens.
- Pontchartrain Beach amusement park closes.
1984
- French Quarter Festival begins.
- Convention Center opens.
- 1984 Louisiana World Exposition
- Place St. Charles built.
1986 – Tennessee Williams/New Orleans Literary Festival begins. Ends a few months later
1988 – 1988 Republican National Convention
1989 – New Orleans Film Society founded.
1990
- Emeril's restaurant in business.
- Aquarium of the Americas opens.^[34]
- Bayou Sauvage National Wildlife Refuge established.
- Population: 496,938.^[6]
1991 – Louisiana Philharmonic Orchestra formed.
1994 – New Orleans Jazz National Historical Park created.
1995
- Essence Music Festival begins.
- May 1995 Louisiana flood
1998 – City website online (approximate date).^[49]
1999 – Voodoo Fest of music begins.
2000
- National World War II Museum opens.
- Six Flags New Orleans theme park opened (closed 2005); initially called Jazzland.
- Population: 484,674.^[31]

21st century

2000s

2001 – New Orleans Bowl begins.
2002
- Charlotte Hornets basketball team relocates to New Orleans and becomes the New Orleans Hornets.
- New Orleans VooDoo football team formed.
2003
- Iron Rail Book Collective founded.^[50]
- Ogden Museum of Southern Art established.
- John McDonogh High School shooting
2004 – Christmas Eve snowstorm
2005
- August – Hurricane Katrina; levee failures.^[51]^[52]
- September – Hurricane Rita.
- Bring New Orleans Back Commission formed.
- Big Easy Rollergirls established.
2006
- World Cultural Economic Forum begins.^[53]
- January – Chocolate City speech.
2008
- Hurricane Gustav
- Prospect New Orleans art exhibit begins.
- Audubon Insectarium opens.
2009 – Joseph Cao becomes U.S. Representative for Louisiana's 2nd congressional district,^[54] Congress's first Vietnamese American member.

2010s

2010
- Population: 343,829. The New Orleans Saints win Super Bowl XLIV on February 7, 2010, bringing home the city's first ever major professional league sports title.^[55]
- Mitch Landrieu elected mayor
- Treme (TV series) debuts
- Deepwater Horizon oil disaster
2011 - Cedric Richmond becomes U.S. representative for Louisiana's 2nd congressional district.^[56]
2012
- BlightStatus city app launched.^[57]
- Hurricane Isaac creates widespread power outages.
2013 - New Orleans Hornets basketball team renames themselves the New Orleans Pelicans in an effort to localize its name and identity.
2014
- Former mayor Nagin sentenced to prison.^[58]
- Fictional program NCIS New Orleans debuts premiere episode on WWL, part of the wider NCIS franchise set in the city
2015
- 200th anniversary commemoration of the Battle of New Orleans.
- Population: 386,617 (estimate).^[59]
2016 - Population: 387,200
2017
- August-Solar Eclipse during August 21, 2017
- Population: 389,157
- Removal of Robert E. Lee Statue and other prominent monuments to the Confederacy
2018
- Population: 392,120
- LaToya Cantrell elected mayor
2019
- Population: 395,429 (estimation)
- A new Hard Rock Hotel and Casino being constructed in the city partially collapses, causing a large search effort.

2020s

2021 - Hurricane Ida makes landfall in Louisiana, passing through New Orleans on the 16th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina.
2025 - Population : 421,987 (estimate)

References

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^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, US Census Bureau, 1998
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^ John E. Salvaggio (1992), New Orleans' Charity Hospital, Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, ISBN 0807116130, OCLC 25092784, OL 1563198M, 0807116130
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^ ^a ^b John Warrack; Ewan West (1996). "New Orleans". Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-280028-2.
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^ "New Orleans Lawn Tennis Club records, 1876–1985". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.
^ Susan M. Schweik (2010). The Ugly Laws: Disability in Public. New York University Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-8361-0.
^ "American and Western Photographic Societies", International Annual of Anthony's Photographic Bulletin, New York: E. & H. T. Anthony & Company, 1890
^ "New Orleans removes first of four Confederate statues", BBC News, April 24, 2017
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^ Aaron Brenner; Benjamin Day; Immanuel Ness, eds. (2015) [2009]. "Timeline". Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-45707-7.
^ "Art Association of New Orleans records, 1913–1985". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.
^ ^a ^b U.S. Census Bureau, "Mini-Historical Statistics: Population of the Largest 75 Cities: 1900 to 2000" (PDF), Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2003
^ "New Orleans Library Club records, 1907–1980". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.
^ "New Orleans YWCA records, 1911–1981". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Vernon N. Kisling, Jr., ed. (2001). "Zoological Gardens of the United States (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.
^ "50 U.S. Cities and Their Stories: New Orleans", American Influenza Epidemic of 1918–1919: a Digital Encyclopedia, University of Michigan, retrieved February 1, 2016 (includes timeline)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Jack Alicoate, ed. (1939), "Standard Broadcasting Stations of the United States: Louisiana", Radio Annual, New York: Radio Daily, OCLC 2459636
^ Genevieve Munson Trimble (1974), Petit Salon: a History of its Fifty Years, 1924-1974 (PDF), New Orleans: Le Petit Salon Club
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^ "Links to GRA Organizations". Rochester, NY: Governmental Research Association. Retrieved November 21, 2013.
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^ "VCPORA". Retrieved September 16, 2012.
^ Howard 1959.
^ "U.S. Foreign-Trade Zones Board Order Summary". Washington DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c Charles A. Alicoate, ed. (1960), "Television Stations: Louisiana", Radio Annual and Television Year Book, New York: Radio Daily Corp., OCLC 10512206
^ "New Orleans Pharmacy Museum". Retrieved September 16, 2012.
^ "History of the Amistad Research Center". Archived from the original on September 8, 2012. Retrieved September 16, 2012.
^ "Longue Vue Center for the Decorative arts in New Orleans opens House to Visitors". New York Times. April 27, 1980.
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^ "CivicInsight". Apps & APIs. Code for America. Archived from the original on June 20, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
^ Ex-New Orleans Mayor gets 10 years in prison, Reuters, July 9, 2014
^ Joe Germuska (ed.). "New Orleans, LA". Censusreporter.org. USA. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
^ Federal Writers' Project (2007) [1941]. "Chronology". Louisiana: a Guide to the State. American Guide Series. NY: Hastings House. pp. 693–703. hdl:2027/uc1.$b727648. ISBN 9780403021697.

Bibliography

Published in 19th century

"New Orleans". Kimball & James' Business Directory for the Mississippi Valley. Cincinnati: Printed by Kendall & Barnard. 1844. hdl:2027/chi.20799213 – via HathiTrust.
New Orleans annual and commercial register of 1846, New Orleans: E.A. Michel & Co., 1845, OCLC 17557024, OL 7000660M
Benjamin Moore Norman (1845), Norman's New Orleans and environs, New Orleans: B.M. Norman, OCLC 27113724, OL 13488380M
Cohen's New Orleans Directory. Printed at the Office of the Picayune. 1855.
New Orleans Business Directory. A. Mygatt & Company. 1858.
Catalogue of the Library of the Lyceum and Library Society, First District, City of New Orleans, New Orleans: Printed by R. C. Kerr, 1858, OCLC 2582485, OL 6914356M
"Mississippi River: New Orleans". James' River Guide ... Mississippi Valley. Cincinnati: U.P. James. 1860. hdl:2027/nyp.33433081817672. 1871 ed.
Gardner's New Orleans Directory, New Orleans: Charles Gardner, 1861, OL 24351366M
Gardner's New Orleans Directory, New Orleans: Charles Gardner, 1866 – via Google Books
"New Orleans". Commercial Directory of the Western States. St. Louis: Richard Edwards. 1867.
Edwin L. Jewell (1874), Jewell's Crescent City Illustrated, New Orleans: Arcadia Publishing, OL 23363731M
New Orleans City Directory. L. Soards & Co. 1875 – via HathiTrust.
- 1878
- 1883
Joseph Sabin, ed. (1881). "New Orleans". Bibliotheca Americana. Vol. 13. New York: J. Sabin. OCLC 13972268.
Cable, George Washington (1884). "New Orleans" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 17 (9th ed.).
Street railway guide to the city of New Orleans and its suburbs, New Orleans: Fountain & Christian, 1884, OCLC 6152208, OL 6905239M
Historical sketch book and guide to New Orleans and environs, New York: W.H. Coleman, 1885, OL 14553933M

Published in 20th century

Robert C. Brooks (1901), "New Orleans", Bibliography of Municipal Problems and City Conditions, Municipal Affairs, vol. 5 (2nd ed.), New York: Reform Club, OCLC 1855351
The Picayune's guide to New Orleans (6th ed.), New Orleans, La: The Picayune, 1904, OCLC 17833074, OL 6937573M
Henry C. Castellanos (1905). New Orleans as It Was: Episodes of Louisiana Life (2nd ed.). L. Graham Company, Limited.
"New Orleans" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 526–532.
New Orleans Association of Commerce (1911), New Orleans, what to see and how to see it, New Orleans: Louisiana Printing Co., Ltd., OL 22887754M
New Orleans City Directory. Soards Directory Co. 1912 – via HathiTrust.
- 1913
Edward Hungerford (1913), "Old French Lady of the Riverbank", The Personality of American Cities, New York: McBride, Nast & Company
John Smith Kendall (1922), History of New Orleans, Chicago: The Lewis publishing company, OCLC 1836396, OL 6649193M
Federal Writers' Project of the Works Progress Administration for the city of New Orleans (1938). "Chronology". New Orleans City Guide. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Federal Writers' Project (2007) [1941]. "New Orleans". Louisiana: a Guide to the State. American Guide Series. NY: Hastings House. p. 316+. hdl:2027/uc1.$b727648. ISBN 9780403021697.
Albert A. Fossier. New Orleans, the Glamour Period, 1800–1840. New Orleans, La.: Pelican, 1957.
L. Vaughan Howard; Robert S. Friedman (1959). Government in metropolitan New Orleans. Tulane Univ.
Robert Reinders and John Duffy. End of an Era: New Orleans, 1850–1860. New Orleans, La.: Pelican, 1964.
Martin Siegel (1975), Howard B. Furer (ed.), New Orleans: a Chronological & Documentary History, 1539–1970, American Cities Chronology Series, Dobbs Ferry, N.Y.: Oceana Publications, ISBN 0379006014
Ory Mazar Nergal, ed. (1980), "New Orleans", Encyclopedia of American Cities, New York: E.P. Dutton, OL 4120668M
Holli, Melvin G., and Jones, Peter d'A., eds. Biographical Dictionary of American Mayors, 1820-1980 (Greenwood Press, 1981) short scholarly biographies each of the city's mayors 1820 to 1980. online; see index at p. 409 for list.
Walter G. Cowan et al. New Orleans Yesterday and Today: A Guide to the city. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1983.
Arnold R. Hirsch and Joseph Logsdon, eds. Creole New Orleans: Race and Americanization. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1992.
Leonard V. Huber (1997), New Orleans Architecture Vol III: Cemeteries, Pelican Publishing Company, ISBN 9781565542709, OCLC 58427192, OL 8665182M, 1565542703
Virginia Meacham Gould (2000). "New Orleans". In Paul Finkelman (ed.). Encyclopedia of the United States in the Nineteenth Century. Charles Scribner's Sons. ISBN 0684805006.

Published in 21st century

New Orleans (3rd ed.), Melbourne: Lonely Planet, 2003, OL 23010391M
Oren M. Levin-Waldman (2004). The Political Economy of the Living Wage: A Study of Four Cities. M.E. Sharpe. ISBN 978-0-7656-3705-5. (Baltimore, Detroit, Los Angeles, New Orleans)
David Marley (2005), "United States: New Orleans", Historic Cities of the Americas, vol. 2, Santa Barbara, California: ABC-CLIO, p. 565+, ISBN 1576070271
"Guide to Genealogical Materials in the New Orleans Public Library's Louisiana Division & City Archives" (4th ed.). New Orleans Public Library. 2005.
Richard Campanella (2006). Geographies of New Orleans: Urban Fabrics Before the Storm. Lafayette: University of Louisiana, Center for Louisiana Studies
David Goldfield, ed. (2007). "New Orleans, Louisiana". Encyclopedia of American Urban History. Sage. ISBN 978-1-4522-6553-7.
Anna Hartnell (2009), "Katrina Tourism and a Tale of Two Cities: Visualizing Race and Class in New Orleans", American Quarterly, vol. 61
Michael E. Crutcher Jr. Tremé: Race and Place in a New Orleans Neighborhood (Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press, 2010)
Lake Douglas. Public Spaces, Private Gardens: A History of Designed Landscapes in New Orleans (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2011)
Raj Chetty; Nathaniel Hendren (2015), City Rankings, Commuting Zones: Causal Effects of the 100 Largest Commuting Zones on Household Income in Adulthood, Equality of Opportunity Project, Harvard University, archived from the original on May 6, 2015, Rank #99: New Orleans
Southern Foodways Alliance, University of Mississippi (2015), New Orleans: Past, Prospect, and Pop (bibliography)

External links

"Directories & Phonebooks: New Orleans". Louisiana History Research Tools. Research Guides. Louisiana State University Libraries.
Louisiana Historical Society. Resources for Research in New Orleans
"New Orleans", American Geographical Society Library Digital Map Collection – via University of Wisconsin, ca.1722-1956
Frontline (2010), "Timeline: NOPD's Long History of Scandal", Law & Disorder, Public Broadcasting Service (about New Orleans Police Department)
Louisiana Association of Museums. List of Louisiana Museums, 2013
"History of New Orleans". Louisiana and Lower Mississippi Valley Collections: Manuscript Subject Guides. Louisiana State University Libraries.
Digital Public Library of America. Works related to New Orleans, various dates
Europeana. Items related to New Orleans, various dates.

29°58′00″N 90°03′00″W / 29.966667°N 90.05°W / 29.966667; -90.05

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1884-1] Britannica 1884.

[FOOTNOTEBritannica1910-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v Britannica 1910.

[Archives-3] "City Archives". New Orleans Public Library. Retrieved March 16, 2017.

[lc-4] "US Newspaper Directory". Chronicling America. Washington DC: Library of Congress. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[FOOTNOTEJewell1874-5] Jewell 1874.

[census1998-6] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States: 1790 to 1990, US Census Bureau, 1998

[FOOTNOTENorman1845-7] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Norman 1845.

[8] New Orleans Pharmacy Museum, accessed 16 April 2017.

[Waldo1879-9] Illustrated visitors' guide to New Orleans, New Orleans: J. C. Waldo, 1879, OL 23363071M

[FOOTNOTEKendall1922-10] Kendall 1922.

[FOOTNOTEPicayune1904-11] Picayune 1904.

[12] Charles Lyell (1849), A second visit to the United States of North America, London: J. Murray, OL 7207519M

[FOOTNOTENew_Orleans_Public_Library2005-13] New Orleans Public Library 2005.

[14] "First German Lutheran Congregation of New Orleans records, 1838–1902". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[15] "Boston Club of New Orleans records, 1870–1966". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[16] Michel S. Laguerre (2005). "Hatians in the United States". In Melvin Ember; et al. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Diasporas. Springer. p. 828+. ISBN 978-0-306-48321-9.

[FOOTNOTELyceum1858-17] Lyceum 1858.

[18] John E. Salvaggio (1992), New Orleans' Charity Hospital, Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, ISBN 0807116130, OCLC 25092784, OL 1563198M, 0807116130

[19] "Swiss Society of New Orleans records, 1855–2010". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[Warrach1996-20] John Warrack; Ewan West (1996). "New Orleans". Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press, USA. ISBN 978-0-19-280028-2.

[21] "Act of Incorporation", Publications of the Louisiana Historical Society, New Orleans, Louisiana, 1902, OCLC 44160056

[FOOTNOTEFederal_Writers'_Project1938-22] Federal Writers' Project 1938.

[FOOTNOTEHuber1997-23] Huber 1997.

[24] "New Orleans Lawn Tennis Club records, 1876–1985". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[Schweik2010-25] Susan M. Schweik (2010). The Ugly Laws: Disability in Public. New York University Press. ISBN 978-0-8147-8361-0.

[anthony1890-26] "American and Western Photographic Societies", International Annual of Anthony's Photographic Bulletin, New York: E. & H. T. Anthony & Company, 1890

[27] "New Orleans removes first of four Confederate statues", BBC News, April 24, 2017

[28] "New Orleans Street Railway Union records, 1902–1948". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[brenner2009-29] Aaron Brenner; Benjamin Day; Immanuel Ness, eds. (2015) [2009]. "Timeline". Encyclopedia of Strikes in American History. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-317-45707-7.

[30] "Art Association of New Orleans records, 1913–1985". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[statab2003-31] U.S. Census Bureau, "Mini-Historical Statistics: Population of the Largest 75 Cities: 1900 to 2000" (PDF), Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2003

[32] "New Orleans Library Club records, 1907–1980". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[33] "New Orleans YWCA records, 1911–1981". Tulane University. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[Kisling2001-34] Vernon N. Kisling, Jr., ed. (2001). "Zoological Gardens of the United States (chronological list)". Zoo and Aquarium History. USA: CRC Press. ISBN 978-1-4200-3924-5.

[35] "50 U.S. Cities and Their Stories: New Orleans", American Influenza Epidemic of 1918–1919: a Digital Encyclopedia, University of Michigan, retrieved February 1, 2016 (includes timeline)

[Alicoate1939-36] Jack Alicoate, ed. (1939), "Standard Broadcasting Stations of the United States: Louisiana", Radio Annual, New York: Radio Daily, OCLC 2459636

[37] Genevieve Munson Trimble (1974), Petit Salon: a History of its Fifty Years, 1924-1974 (PDF), New Orleans: Le Petit Salon Club

[38] "Broadmoor Improvement Association". Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[39] "History". New Orleans: Bureau of Governmental Research. Retrieved November 21, 2013.

[40] "Links to GRA Organizations". Rochester, NY: Governmental Research Association. Retrieved November 21, 2013.

[nopl-41] "Louisiana Division". New Orleans Public Library. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[42] "VCPORA". Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[FOOTNOTEHoward1959-43] Howard 1959.

[44] "U.S. Foreign-Trade Zones Board Order Summary". Washington DC: U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration. Retrieved September 18, 2016.

[Alicoate1960-45] Charles A. Alicoate, ed. (1960), "Television Stations: Louisiana", Radio Annual and Television Year Book, New York: Radio Daily Corp., OCLC 10512206

[46] "New Orleans Pharmacy Museum". Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[47] "History of the Amistad Research Center". Archived from the original on September 8, 2012. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[48] "Longue Vue Center for the Decorative arts in New Orleans opens House to Visitors". New York Times. April 27, 1980.

[49] "Official City of New Orleans Website". Archived from the original on January 17, 1999 – via Internet Archive, Wayback Machine.

[50] "Iron Rail". Archived from the original on July 22, 2012. Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[bbc-timeline-51] "United States Profile: Timeline". BBC News. January 27, 2012. Retrieved October 30, 2014.

[NYT-OnThisDay-52] "On This Day", New York Times, retrieved November 1, 2014

[53] "World Cultural Economic Forum". Retrieved September 16, 2012.

[54] "Louisiana". Official Congressional Directory. 1991/1992- : S. Pub. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office. 2009. hdl:2027/uc1.c099985288 – via HathiTrust.

[55] "2021 Super Bowl Sunday: When, Where, & More". NFL.com.

[56] Civic Impulse, LLC. "Members of Congress". GovTrack. Washington, D.C. Retrieved October 1, 2016.

[57] "CivicInsight". Apps & APIs. Code for America. Archived from the original on June 20, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.

[58] Ex-New Orleans Mayor gets 10 years in prison, Reuters, July 9, 2014

[59] Joe Germuska (ed.). "New Orleans, LA". Censusreporter.org. USA. Retrieved May 3, 2017.

[60] Federal Writers' Project (2007) [1941]. "Chronology". Louisiana: a Guide to the State. American Guide Series. NY: Hastings House. pp. 693–703. hdl:2027/uc1.$b727648. ISBN 9780403021697.

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v t e City of New Orleans
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