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Bushra Bibi Khan[a] (née Bushra Riaz Wattoo, born 1971[1]) is a Pakistani faith healer[b] and politician. She is married to Imran Khan who was the prime minister of Pakistan from 2018 to 2022.

Key Information

Early life and family

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Bushra Bibi was born in the early 1970s into a conservative, politically active landowning family in central Punjab.[2][3] Her family belongs to the Wattoo clan, a landowning Jat group,[4] of whom the Manekas are a sub-clan.[5][6] Her grandfather was a landowner, while her father later sold his land and opened a Chinese restaurant.[1]

Bushra and her sister, Maryam, were sent to Lahore to live with relatives.[1] According to her sister, they attended Queen Mary College, though the school reportedly has no record of their attendance.[1] Accounts from this period describe her as "ultra-modern," and her sister has disputed claims that she "ran wild" in her youth.[1]

Career as a faith healer

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Disturbed by her troubled arranged marriage, Bushra Bibi turned to Sufi Islam.[1] As her children grew older, she spent increasing time at the shrine of Baba Farid, a 12th-century Sufi poet and mystic, in Pakpattan.[1]

By her late 20s, Bushra Bibi had begun establishing herself as a pir, advising a close circle of friends and family.[1] She reportedly dedicated time to all-night prayers and the study of Islamic mysticism.[1] During this period, she also led pilgrimages. Her then-husband, Maneka, once accompanied her on a week-long barefoot pilgrimage from Lahore to Pakpattan.[1] According to her sister, Bushra Bibi became increasingly religious, and more people began seeking her advice.[1]

Personal life

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First marriage

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In 1989, at the age of 18, Bushra had an arranged marriage with Khawar Maneka, a son of Ghulam Muhammad Maneka and brother of Ahmad Raza Maneka.[1][7][8] After the marriage, she managed the Maneka family's homes in Lahore, Islamabad, and their ancestral town of Pakpattan.[1] The couple had five children, two sons and three daughters.[5] Her eldest daughter Mehru Maneka is the daughter-in-law of politician Mian Atta Muhammad Manika and has been a member of PTI since 2018.[5][9][10]

The couple divorced in 2017.[5]

Second marriage

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Khan and Bushra met in 2015 through Bushra's sister, Maryam Riaz Wattoo.[9][11] Wattoo has been involved in Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI).[12] She has worked in the United Arab Emirates as an advisor for higher education affairs in the Ministry of Education.[13] She also led the Higher Education Development Project, a World Bank-funded initiative in Pakistan.[14]

Khan was a frequent visitor to Baba Farid's shrine in Pakpattan, where he would pay homage to the renowned 12th-century Sufi saint. He usually visited the town in the evening escorted by his private guards, and would later stay for a few hours at the Maneka family's residence, his local hosts, after which he would return to Islamabad. The Manekas were influential locally, and shared a "spiritual relationship" with Khan.[6] Bushra, married to Khawar Maneka at the time, was known as a Sufi scholar, spiritual mentor, and faith healer, also referred to as a pir or murshid,[6] and this is what reportedly drew Khan closer to her.[15] She has been described as a leader of pilgrimages to Baba Farid's shrine.[15]

During his visits, Khan would often consult her on spiritual matters whenever he found himself in a "difficult situation."[6] It was reported that Khan first interacted with Bibi shortly before the 2015 by-election in Lodhran for the NA-154 constituency. He became "very pleased" when his candidate Jahangir Tareen won that election, which she had correctly predicted, and started visiting and consulting her more regularly for guidance.[6] As the visits became more frequent, their personal understanding, love and affection also grew.[15] However, the prospect of marriage never surfaced until Khan learnt of Bushra's divorce. A few months after their marriage, the couple went on a pilgrimage to Makkah.[15]

My interest in Sufism started 30 years ago. It changed my life. Sufism is an order with many levels, but I have never met anyone who is as high as my wife. My interest in her began with that.

— Imran Khan, 2018[15]

Bushra has been described as an introvert who prefers to stay at home rather than attending social functions and gatherings very frequently, to which Khan admittedly has no objections, as he himself is "past the age of socialising".[15] With regards to her marriage with Imran, Bibi has clarified that, contrary to some reports in the media, her marriage to Imran took place seven months after the ‘iddat period’ following the dissolution of her first marriage.[16]

Involvement in politics

[edit]

Bushra was noted as the first niqab-wearing spouse of a Pakistani prime minister.[17][18] Bibi stated that her decision to wear a niqab is a personal choice in line with religious teachings and that she is not seeking to impose it on anyone else.[19] Shortly after Khan took office, the media quoted Bibi as being "afraid" and commenting, "Power comes and goes."[20]

During the premiership of Imran Khan, Bushra Bibi's influence extended directly to matters of state and party politics.[1][11] According to close aides, she influenced major political decisions, such as ministerial appointments, and during some political meetings, she would listen from behind a screen and provide guidance to Imran Khan.[11] Aun Chaudhry, a former political aide to Khan, claimed he was dismissed from the prime minister's oath-taking ceremony based on an undisclosed "dream" Bushra Bibi had.[1] Other accounts claimed she would advise Khan on "propitious" times to travel, allegedly delaying a flight for four hours.[1]

November 2024 PTI protest

[edit]
Main article: November 2024 PTI protest

Bushra Bibi played a prominent role in the November 2024 PTI protest, entering Islamabad alongside thousands of PTI supporters who breached security barricades to demand Imran Khan's release. She addressed the crowd near D-Chowk, a central location close to parliament, and called for holding the protest there. According to sources, this decision contrasted with earlier instructions attributed to Imran Khan, which suggested gathering on the city's outskirts. When the government launched a midnight crackdown involving tear gas, rubber bullets, and arrests of protesters, she left the protest site. Her departure prompted criticism from some protesters who felt abandoned during the violent clashes.[21][22] The protests turned violent, resulting in at least six deaths. PTI eventually ended the protests. Bushra Bibi's active involvement marked a shift from her previously private role.[23][24]

Convictions

[edit]

Iddat case

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Main article: Iddat case

On 4 February 2024, Bushra Bibi was sentenced to seven years in prison along with her husband, Imran Khan, by a local court for violating Section 496 of the Pakistan Penal Code by marrying during her Iddat period.[25] Judge Qudratullah also invalidated their initial marriage dated 1 January 2018, and imposed a fine of Rs 0.5 million on each.[25] The court concluded that Khan and Bibi had knowingly engaged in an unlawful marriage on 1 January 2018.[25] Despite the couple's claim that a February 2018 ceremony was a non-marital religious event, the judge determined it was a valid marriage based on witness testimonies and rejected their claims that it occurred post-Iddat.[25] However, on 13 July 2024, ADSJ Afzal Majoka dismissed the case and ordered their immediate release.[26]

Al-Qadir Trust case

[edit]

The Al-Qadir Trust case, commonly known as the £190m case involved allegations that Khan and some others in 2019 misappropriated Rs50 billion — amounting to £190 million at the time — sent by Britain's National Crime Agency (NCA) to the Pakistani government during his tenure as the country's prime minister.

Imran Khan was arrested by NAB on 13 November 2023. Bushra was also interrogated. On 1 December 2023 NAB filed the reference in Accountablity court against them. The couple were indicted on 27 February 2024.

On 17 January 2025, Imran Khan was sentenced to 14 years' imprisonment over the Al-Qadir Trust case, while Bushra Bibi was sentenced to seven years' imprisonment in the same case.[27]

In July 2025, Bushra Bibi and her husband, former Prime Minister Imran Khan, filed fresh petitions in the Islamabad High Court seeking urgent hearings for the suspension of their convictions in the £190 million case. Filed through Barrister Salman Safdar, the petitions alleged that the National Accountability Bureau (NAB) was deliberately delaying proceedings through repeated adjournments, despite earlier court assurances.

The delay has been criticised as part of a broader pattern of political victimisation, with PTI leaders facing legal obstacles widely viewed as orchestrated by the military establishment and interim government. The case continues amid allegations of massive electoral rigging in the 2024 general elections, which critics say were manipulated to sideline PTI and suppress popular opposition.[28]

Toshakhana case

[edit]

Bushra Bibi was also given a 14-year sentence in Toshakhana case alongside her husband, Imran Khan, after both were convicted of illegally profiting from state gifts while he was in office.[29]

Imprisonment

[edit]

On 25 April 2024, Mashal Yousafzai, a spokesperson for Bushra Bibi had claimed that Bibi was poisoned in prison and faced medical negligence after two-to-three drops of "toilet cleaner" were dropped in her meal on 24 February. Yousafzai had also claimed that an endoscopy revealed ulceration and inflammation in Bibi's stomach but authorities barred her from getting a blood test done.[30]

She was granted bail on 23 October 2024[31][32] and was released the next day.[33]

In January 2025, Bushra Bibi was arrested again.[34]

In July 2025, former Pakistani Prime Minister Imran Khan alleged that his wife, Bushra Bibi, was facing inhumane treatment in prison, including the suspension of all basic human and legal rights. He claimed that this treatment was being carried out on the orders of Army Chief Asim Munir, whom he accused of holding a personal grudge against her. Khan stated that Bushra Bibi was being targeted as a means to emotionally pressure him.[35] Later, in his September 2025 letter to Chief Justice of Pakistan Yahya Afridi, he reiterated that she was subjected to "inhuman and degrading treatment," claiming she had been denied access to medical care, books, and television. Khan also argued that, according to rulings by superior courts, female prisoners are entitled to leniency through bail as a matter of right, but asserted that this principle had been suspended in her case.[36]

Notes

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References

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Revisions and contributorsEdit on WikipediaRead on Wikipedia

Bushra Bibi

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from Grokipedia
Bushra Bibi (born c. 1974) is a Pakistani and spiritual advisor from province, known for her devotion to and role as the third wife of former , whom she married in a private ceremony on , . Previously married for nearly three decades to Khawar Maneka, she reportedly advised Khan on personal matters before their union, which drew scrutiny for allegedly violating Islamic iddat waiting period rules, leading to a 2024 conviction later overturned on appeal. Her influence extended into Khan's political sphere during his 2018–2022 tenure, including associations with policy decisions and the establishment of the for a religious university, which became central to corruption allegations. In January 2025, she was convicted alongside Khan in the case for misusing a £190 million national settlement to benefit property tycoon in exchange for land donations, receiving a seven-year sentence she has challenged as politically motivated amid Pakistan's military-influenced judicial processes. Since Khan's ouster and imprisonment, Bibi has emerged as a public face of his party, leading protests against the government while serving time in cases tied to state gifts and unauthorized trust dealings.

Early Life and Spiritual Background

Early life and family origins

Bushra Bibi, originally named Bushra Riaz Wattoo, was born in the early 1970s into a conservative landowning family of the Wattoo clan in central . Her family's agricultural holdings and regional influence aligned with traditional Punjabi landowner dynamics, though specific details on her parents or precise birthplace, such as in , remain inconsistently reported across sources and largely unverified in primary records. Public information on her childhood and upbringing is limited, with accounts emphasizing a pious, insular environment shaped by familial conservatism rather than formal or public exposure. This background positioned her within Punjab's rural elite, where clan affiliations like the Wattoo often intersect with local politics and land disputes, but no documented evidence details her personal experiences prior to adulthood.

Development as a faith healer and Sufi devotee

Bushra Bibi, née Bushra Wattoo, hails from the Wattoo clan in Punjab province and developed her reputation as a in , a region associated with the shrine of the 13th-century Sufi saint Fariduddin Masud Ganjshakar, known as . Locally known as Pinki Pir or Pinky Pirni—terms denoting a female spiritual guide or pir (holy person)—she cultivated a modest following through practices rooted in , emphasizing mystical devotion, personal piety, and spiritual intercession. Her background in a family of landowners provided a stable context for these activities, though details of her early immersion in Sufi traditions remain sparse, with reports indicating she was already established as a respected pir by her mid-40s around 2018. As a devotee of , whose teachings promote and divine love, Bibi positioned herself as an expert in Sufi principles, offering counsel on personal and spiritual matters to seekers in . in this context typically involves invoking saintly blessings for ailments or guidance, aligning with broader Pakistani traditions of piri-muridi (disciple-master relationships) at Sufi shrines, though specific rituals attributed to Bibi, such as amulet distribution or dream interpretations, lack detailed public documentation beyond her general advisory role. Her influence grew through word-of-mouth within conservative Sufi circles, where she was regarded for her seclusion and adherence to , fostering trust among devotees without widespread media exposure prior to her political associations. This phase of her life underscores a transition from familial roots to local spiritual authority, sustained by Sufism's emphasis on inner enlightenment over institutional structures, though her small-scale operations contrasted with more prominent shrine-based pirs. Reports from the period highlight her as a discreet figure, with her practices serving a niche rather than commercial enterprises common among some contemporaries.

Personal Life and Marriages

First marriage and family

Bushra Bibi, originally named Bushra Riaz, entered her first marriage in 1989 to Khawar Farid Maneka, a civil servant and senior customs official from a politically influential landowning family in province. The union lasted approximately 28 years, until their divorce proceedings began around 2017. The couple had five children together: two sons, Ibrahim Maneka and Moosa Maneka, and three daughters whose names have not been widely publicized in reliable reports. During the , Bushra Bibi was known within circles for her growing interest in spirituality and , though public details on dynamics remain limited due to the couple's preference for . Khawar Maneka's background provided connections in Punjab's administrative and political spheres, but no verified records indicate Bushra Bibi's direct involvement in those networks prior to her later public profile.

Divorce from Khawar Maneka

Bushra Bibi's marriage to Khawar Farid Maneka, which lasted approximately 28 years, ended in divorce in November 2017. Maneka, who initiated the divorce through talaq, stated that he pronounced it verbally earlier in April 2017 but formalized it in writing on November 14, 2017, sending the papers via an intermediary. Maneka publicly accused of interfering in their marriage, claiming that Khan's influence led to its breakdown and that he was pressured into the . He described the process as reluctant, stating he had initially resisted but ultimately issued the talaq deed after personal frustrations. No public court records of the proceedings have been disclosed, as petitions seeking such documentation were dismissed by the . The drew primarily in relation to subsequent events, though its validity under Pakistani —governed by the Muslim Family Laws Ordinance requiring written notice and —was not formally challenged in available proceedings. Maneka's statements, given amid ongoing legal disputes, emphasized the abrupt end to a long-term union but provided no evidence of procedural irregularities in the talaq itself.

Marriage to Imran Khan

Bushra Bibi married , the founder of (PTI), in a private nikah ceremony on January 1, 2018, officiated by Muhammad Saeed Taunsvi. The ceremony occurred amid claims by participants that Bibi had completed her iddat period following her prior divorce, though subsequent testimony from the mufti indicated the union violated Islamic requirements on the waiting period. This marked Khan's third marriage, following divorces from in 2004 and in 2015. The marriage remained confidential initially, with only a small circle of family and associates present, and Bibi—previously known as Bushra Maneka—transitioning to the honorific "Bibi" post-nikah. On February 18, 2018, PTI spokespersons Zulfi Bukhari and Awn Chaudhry publicly confirmed the union during a press interaction in Lahore, attributing the timing to Khan's electoral preparations ahead of the July 25 general elections. Mufti Saeed later testified that a second nikah was conducted in February 2018 at Khan's Bani Gala residence in Islamabad, reportedly to reaffirm the bond publicly. A valima reception followed on February 26, 2018, hosted at Bani Gala and attended by PTI leaders and close allies. The union drew immediate scrutiny for its timing and Bibi's reputed spiritual influence on Khan, with some reports citing her that the marriage would lead to his premiership—a position Khan assumed on August 18, 2018. Despite the private nature, the announcement fueled media speculation and political opposition claims of opportunism, though Khan described it as a personal decision aligned with his faith. Bibi has since resided primarily at , maintaining a low public profile while supporting Khan's political activities.

Role as Spiritual Advisor

Influence on Imran Khan's personal and political decisions

Bushra Bibi began exerting influence on as his spiritual advisor in the mid-2010s, prior to their on February 18, 2018, with Khan seeking her counsel on personal challenges rooted in Sufi traditions. This advisory role reportedly prompted Khan to adopt more pious personal habits, such as growing a and intensifying routines, aligning with her emphasis on spiritual discipline amid his political struggles. Associates, including introducer Maryam Wattoo, have claimed that meeting Bibi transformed Khan's life, crediting her guidance for his shift toward deeper religiosity. Post-marriage, Bibi's input extended to political decisions during Khan's premiership from August 2018 to April 2022, where close aides alleged she influenced ministerial appointments and high-level personnel choices to favor those aligned with her views. Reports indicate she advised on strategies to pressure state institutions, including the and , such as timing public criticisms and rally mobilizations to destabilize opponents. A purported attributed to Bibi, seized during a on PTI's Zaman Park residence on August 5, 2023, details her directives on Khan's daily personal regimen—specifying meal times, water intake, and Nafl prayers—alongside political tactics like orchestrating nationwide shutdowns in response to provincial governance threats. While PTI dismisses the as fabricated by political rivals, its entries suggest Bibi's role in shaping Khan's responses to crises, including legal defenses and public messaging. Critics, including government officials, have portrayed Bibi's sway as excessive, linking it to Khan's ouster via a no-confidence vote on April 10, 2022, though PTI supporters attribute such narratives to institutional bias against her spiritual authority. Even after Khan's in 2023, leaked communications show Bibi relaying his instructions on party operations, underscoring her ongoing proxy influence on decisions like protest escalations. These dynamics highlight a blend of personal devotion and strategic counsel, with empirical accounts from aides and documents indicating causal impact on Khan's risk-averse or confrontational stances, though independent verification remains limited amid partisan contestation.

Public perception of spiritual guidance

Bushra Bibi's reputation as a spiritual guide has been sharply divided in , with supporters portraying her as a devout Sufi practitioner whose piety influenced positively, while critics dismiss her claims as superstitious or manipulative tactics masked in religious fervor. Admirers, including Khan himself, have described her as a genuine and spiritual mentor rooted in Sufi traditions, crediting her guidance for his personal transformation and political resolve. This view aligns with her pre-marriage following, where she was respected by a small circle for offering spiritual counsel without public political involvement. Opponents, however, have questioned the authenticity of her spiritual authority, alleging that her influence over Khan stemmed from superstitions rather than orthodox Islamic or Sufi principles, such as purported reliance on omens or dreams to dictate political moves, including the decision to challenge the military establishment in 2022. Reports have circulated of her engaging in practices like taweez (amulets) or predicting outcomes via divine visions, which detractors label as folk or even , fueling public gossip and cartoons depicting her as a sorceress. These perceptions intensified amid allegations that her "spiritual insights" were actually pre-fed intelligence from former ISI chief to steer Khan's actions, portraying her guidance as a tool for covert control rather than genuine . Her visibility in PTI-led protests since November 2024 has further polarized views, with some seeing her mobilization as an extension of selfless spiritual devotion to Khan's cause, while others interpret it as evidence of overreach by a figure whose veiled challenges traditional norms in Pakistani politics and undermines claims of apolitical . Legal convictions, including the 2024 iddat case questioning her Islamic observance during remarriage to Khan, have amplified skepticism among conservative and secular audiences alike, casting doubt on her as a guide. Despite this, her enduring appeal among PTI loyalists underscores a segment of public belief in her as a bridge between and resistance against perceived establishment tyranny.

Political Involvement with PTI

Entry into politics via association with Imran Khan

Bushra Bibi's association with , formalized by their on February 18, 2018, marked her initial foray into the political domain, transitioning her from a private spiritual advisor to a figure of indirect influence within (PTI) circles. Prior to the marriage, she had served as Khan's spiritual guide since around 2015, providing counsel on personal and ostensibly political matters, though she held no formal party position. The union, announced publicly in early 2018 amid Khan's election campaign, elevated her visibility as PTI secured victory in the general elections, with Khan assuming the premiership on , 2018. During Khan's tenure as from 2018 to 2022, Bibi maintained a reclusive public presence, rarely appearing in official capacities, yet reports emerged of her exerting significant behind-the-scenes sway over governmental decisions. Alleged entries from a personal , leaked in 2023, purportedly detail her directives on Khan's daily routine, dietary habits, and strategic political maneuvers, including timing pressures on the , , and opposition figures. These claims, drawn from sources close to PTI insiders and leaked documents, suggest her role extended to influencing cabinet appointments and directions, such as foreign relations and internal dynamics, though Khan publicly denied excessive interference. Critics, including political opponents, attributed several administrative missteps and favoritism allegations to her counsel, portraying her as an unelected power broker, while supporters viewed her input as spiritually guided pragmatism. Her political engagement remained informal and advisory, without contesting elections or assuming elected office, distinguishing her involvement from traditional partisan roles. This phase of association laid the groundwork for her later, more overt participation in PTI activities, amid Khan's ouster via a no-confidence vote on April 10, 2022, and subsequent legal battles. Despite the opacity of her influence—often amplified by media speculation from both pro- and anti-PTI outlets—verifiable accounts underscore how the Khan marriage catalyzed her shift from obscurity to a pivotal, albeit shadowy, political adjunct.

Leadership in 2024 protests and public messaging

Bushra Bibi emerged as a key figure in directing (PTI) strategy during the party's major protests in from November 24 to 27, 2024, known as the "Final Call" demonstration, which sought the release of imprisoned PTI founder . She co-led the march alongside Chief Minister , overriding internal party reservations by insisting the protesters advance to the high-security D-Chowk area in the capital's political center, rather than a less confrontational site. The event drew thousands of supporters who breached police barricades, prompting a government crackdown that dispersed the crowd by November 27. In the lead-up to the protests, Bibi issued rare public audio messages to mobilize PTI workers and the broader public, framing the action as a collective fight for Pakistan's and sovereignty, distinct from a mere demand for Khan's personal release. She linked participation intensity to future PTI ticket allocations, declaring that empty vehicles or low turnout would be unacceptable, and urged recording videos of demonstrations to capture involvement from both party members and ordinary citizens. In one message dated November 21, 2024, Bibi assured state institutions that Khan harbored no intentions of revenge if returned to power, positioning the protests as a to restore constitutional order. Following the Islamabad sit-in's dispersal, Bibi and Khan were charged with offenses on November 28, 2024, for allegedly inciting violence, though PTI leaders described the charges as politically motivated retaliation. later confirmed via party channels on December 3, 2024, that Bibi's in the protests adhered strictly to his instructions from prison, underscoring her role as an extension of his directives amid PTI's organizational constraints. Her public interventions marked a shift from her prior low-profile spiritual advisory position, drawing criticism from some PTI factions for escalating confrontations with authorities.

Iddat case details and timeline

The Iddat case centered on allegations that Bushra Bibi contracted with during her mandatory iddat waiting period following her from Khawar Maneka, in violation of Section 496 of the , which criminalizes such unions as punishable by up to seven years' imprisonment or a fine or both. Under Islamic law as applied in , iddat for a observing three menstrual cycles typically lasts about three months to confirm non-pregnancy and allow for . Khawar Maneka, Bibi's former husband, filed the complaint asserting the was invalid and un-Islamic, claiming it occurred prematurely after her . Key events unfolded as follows:
  • November 14, 2017: Maneka issued triple talaq divorcing Bibi, initiating her iddat period.
  • January 1, 2018: Private nikah between Bibi and Khan solemnized by Mufti Muhammad Saeed in Lahore, allegedly within the iddat window, based on assurances from Bibi that it had concluded; a public ceremony followed on February 18, 2018.
  • November 2023: Maneka lodged the formal complaint in Islamabad, over five years after the marriage, prompting registration of an FIR under relevant penal sections for fraudulent or premature nikah.
  • January 16, 2024: Trial court in Islamabad indicted Khan and Bibi on charges of violating iddat provisions.
  • February 3, 2024: Additional District and Sessions Judge Shoaib Akram convicted both, sentencing them to seven years' rigorous imprisonment each and a fine of Rs 500,000, ruling the nikah fraudulent due to incomplete iddat observance; the verdict came five days before national elections.
  • July 13, 2024: Islamabad District and Sessions Court, on appeal, acquitted Khan and Bibi, overturning the trial court's decision after finding insufficient evidence of iddat violation and noting the nikah registrar's testimony aligned with a completed waiting period; the ruling declared them innocent, though Bibi remained detained on unrelated charges.
The highlighted procedural and evidentiary disputes, including debates over iddat calculation methods (lunar months versus menstrual cycles) and the timing of finalization, with Maneka's claims contested by defense witnesses. As of October 2025, no further convictions stand in this matter, though critics of the original filing argued it reflected political motivations amid Khan's legal entanglements.

Al-Qadir Trust case

The , established in 2019 by and Bushra Bibi, aimed to construct an educational institution, Al-Qadir University, in province. The (NAB) initiated an investigation alleging that, during Khan's premiership, his government approved the transfer of £190 million—funds recovered from British property tycoon , held by the UK's and settled via of —to the trust for the university project, rather than depositing it into the state exchequer, resulting in a reported loss of over $239 million to . In return, NAB claimed, Riaz donated approximately 58 acres of land valued at billions of Pakistani rupees to the trust, constituting a arrangement that benefited Khan and Bibi personally through the trust's assets. NAB filed charges against Khan, Bibi, and several associates in late 2022, accusing them of abuse of authority, bribery, and causing undue state financial loss under the National Accountability Ordinance. Khan was arrested on May 9, 2023, in connection with the case, sparking widespread protests by (PTI) supporters who described it as fabricated to sideline him politically. Proceedings in the Accountability Court in involved witness testimonies, including from NAB investigators, and scrutiny of government notifications that facilitated the fund diversion in 2022. The defense argued the arrangement was lawful, with the funds used philanthropically and no personal gain accrued, while NAB presented evidence of deliberate non-disclosure and irregular approvals. On January 17, 2025, Judge Nasir Javed Rana of the Accountability Court convicted both Khan and Bibi, sentencing Khan to 14 years of rigorous and a PKR 1 million fine (with an additional six months if unpaid), and Bibi to seven years and a PKR 500,000 fine (with three additional months if unpaid). The verdict cited proven in the fund allocation and land acquisition as causing direct state loss, with both defendants present in during the hearing held under tight . PTI spokespersons condemned the ruling as engineered victimization by the military-backed establishment, vowing appeals to higher courts including the and . As of October 2025, appeals remain pending, with Khan and Bibi's legal team alleging procedural flaws, incomplete probes, and judicial overreach in the NAB reference. This conviction compounded Khan's multiple prior sentences, though PTI maintains NAB's pursuits selectively target opposition figures amid Pakistan's polarized accountability processes. Bushra Bibi has been charged in multiple reference cases alongside , primarily accused of involvement in the unauthorized retention, undervaluation, or sale of state gifts received during Khan's premiership from 2018 to 2022, in violation of rules requiring officials to deposit gifts in the repository or pay assessed values to retain them. These proceedings stem from references filed by the (ECP), (FIA), and (NAB), with allegations that the couple retained luxury items, including jewelry sets valued at approximately Rs 75 million from , at undervalued prices and subsequently sold them for personal gain. In one instance, during the -II trial revealed that Bibi had deposited funds for certain Saudi gifts, prompting no immediate objection from Toshakhana officials at the time. On January 31, 2024, an accountability court in Islamabad convicted Bibi and Khan in the primary Toshakhana reference, sentencing both to 14 years in prison and imposing a Rs 787 million fine, with the court finding they had deliberately undervalued gifts such as a Graf von Faber-Castell pen set and gold cufflinks to acquire them below market rates. This followed earlier investigations initiated in October 2022 by the ECP, which disqualified Khan for false declarations, and NAB's formal reference in December 2023 accusing the couple of corruption exceeding Rs 140 million in undeclared benefits. Bibi's direct involvement was highlighted in claims that she received and handled specific items, including a Bulgari jewelry set, without proper documentation or payment. Subsequent proceedings in 2024 included physical remand extensions for Bibi in August, approved by Judge Rana for up to 11 days to probe further evidence on gift sales, amid allegations of non-compliance with protocols. By mid-2025, focus shifted to the Toshakhana-II reference, conducted largely within Adiala Jail, where the adjourned hearings multiple times—such as on and 12—for evidence presentation and witness cross-examinations. In September, Bibi and Khan sought to halt the trial via (IHC) petitions pending acquittal decisions, arguing procedural flaws and lack of evidence tying her to illicit transactions. As of October 2025, the Toshakhana-II case remains ongoing, with the trial court directing Bibi and Khan to record final statements on October 9 after rejecting requests for delays, signaling the proceedings nearing completion. The IHC scheduled hearings on their pleas for October 7, issuing notices to the FIA and seeking responses on claims of fabricated reports and investigative irregularities, including Bibi's assertion that the FIA bypassed standard protocols in compiling evidence against her. No final conviction has been issued in this secondary reference, and the original 14-year sentence's appellate status continues amid broader legal challenges, though Bibi's release from custody in October 2024 pertained to unrelated matters.

Imprisonment, appeals, and current status as of October 2025

Bushra Bibi was initially imprisoned on February 3, 2024, following her conviction in the Iddat case, where an sentenced her to seven years for allegedly marrying during her mandatory iddat period. She remained in custody at Adiala Jail until October 24, 2024, when the granted her bail after 265 days, pending further proceedings, amid an against her July 13, 2024, in the same case filed by her ex-husband Khawar Maneka. That , challenging the sessions court's on grounds of procedural irregularities and insufficient evidence, was scheduled for hearing in the but remained unresolved as of October 2025, with adjournments including one in January 2025 due to bench unavailability. Her imprisonment resumed following conviction in the Al-Qadir Trust case on January 17, 2025, when an accountability court sentenced her to seven years in prison for corruption related to the alleged misuse of £190 million in funds repatriated from the UK, which were purportedly diverted to benefit a trust linked to her and Khan. Appeals against this conviction, filed by Bibi and Khan seeking suspension of sentences, were accepted by the Islamabad High Court for early hearing in September 2025, but by October 24, 2025, no hearing date had been fixed, with the registrar citing procedural delays and the case still at the motion stage. As of October 26, 2025, Bushra Bibi remains incarcerated at Adiala Jail, primarily serving the sentence, with PTI sources attributing delays to judicial backlog and political pressures, while government-aligned narratives emphasize the cases' basis in evidence of financial impropriety. Pre-arrest bail extensions in ancillary proceedings, such as those heard on October 7, 2025, have not altered her custody status in the core convictions. No resolution is anticipated before 2026, per legal analysts, due to the volume of intertwined cases.

Controversies and Criticisms

Allegations of manipulation and ISI connections

In August 2024, reports emerged from an ongoing probe alleging that Bushra Bibi maintained contacts with former (ISI) chief Lieutenant General , who purportedly supplied her with ahead of time. Bibi allegedly relayed this intelligence to , framing it as divine revelations or spiritual insights derived from her purported mystical abilities, thereby exerting influence over his decision-making during his premiership. These claims suggest the arrangement enabled the ISI to indirectly steer Khan's policies and actions, exploiting Bibi's close advisory role to him. The allegations portray Bibi as a conduit for ISI manipulation, with Hameed's involvement cited as a mechanism to embed intelligence within Khan's inner circle under the guise of spiritual guidance. By December 2024, speculation intensified that Bibi acted as an "ISI stooge," particularly after her post-release actions, including defying reported instructions from Khan to appear at a specific PTI gathering, which sources linked to efforts to sustain party momentum amid his incarceration. Critics within Pakistani political discourse have questioned the credibility of these ties, noting Hameed's ouster and subsequent probes into his conduct, though no formal charges against Bibi on ISI collaboration have been filed as of October 2025. Imran Khan has rejected such narratives, attributing targeting of Bibi to personal animosity from Army Chief General , whom Khan removed as ISI Director General in 2019. In statements from prison in June 2025, Khan claimed Munir attempted to approach Bibi via intermediaries post-removal but failed, leading to vindictive actions including her on unrelated charges. PTI has dismissed establishment accusations of or against Bibi—raised by former Army Chief and Munir during his ISI tenure—as baseless attempts to undermine Khan's "red line" on her protection. These counter-claims highlight tensions between PTI and military figures, with no independent verification of the ISI linkage allegations beyond investigative reporting.

Debates over spiritual claims versus sorcery accusations

Bushra Bibi, prior to her 2018 marriage to , positioned herself as a spiritual advisor, claiming deep devotion to the Sufi saint Baba Fariduddin Ganjshakar and offering faith-based guidance that reportedly included a prophetic dream predicting Khan's rise to prime ministership upon their union. Supporters, particularly within PTI ranks, frame her as a ruhani (spiritual) peer or whose influence promotes and moral clarity in politics, viewing practices like distributing taweez (prayer amulets) as benign extensions of Islamic folk traditions rather than . PTI officials have consistently rejected opposing narratives, attributing them to politically motivated distortions aimed at undermining Khan's leadership. Critics, including rival politicians and media outlets aligned with opposition parties, have countered with accusations of sorcery and , alleging she employs , invocation, and rituals to sway political events or exert undue control over Khan. These claims intensified during the March 2022 no-confidence motion against Khan's government, with opponents like PML-N leaders publicly decrying supposed "black magic" efforts to preserve power, often referencing derogatory labels such as "Pinky Peerni" to evoke imagery of shamanistic manipulation. Such allegations draw on cultural taboos in Pakistan against practices deemed un-Islamic, yet lack forensic or empirical substantiation, appearing primarily in partisan discourse rather than independent investigations. The polarized debate highlights tensions between venerated spiritual authority and toward esoteric influences in , with admirers citing her as a counter to while detractors portray it as a for amid PTI's electoral challenges. Pakistani media coverage, often reflecting institutional biases toward establishment narratives, amplifies sorcery claims during PTI downturns but rarely verifies them through neutral inquiry, underscoring how unproven assertions serve as rhetorical weapons in a politically charged environment. No legal proceedings have directly prosecuted sorcery, distinguishing these debates from her documented cases on iddat or graft, though they persist in public commentary as of late 2024.

Perspectives on political vendettas and establishment targeting

Supporters of (PTI), including , have characterized the legal actions against Bushra Bibi as a deliberate vendetta orchestrated by Pakistan's military establishment, particularly targeting her to inflict emotional distress on Khan and dismantle PTI's political influence. Khan specifically accused Army Chief General of imprisoning Bibi out of personal spite following Munir's removal as (ISI) director-general in 2019, alleging that her seven-year sentence in the case on January 17, 2025, exemplified this "vindictive nature." PTI leadership has denounced such verdicts, including the Al-Qadir conviction involving £190 million in alleged corruption, as a "murder of justice" aimed at derailing negotiations between PTI and the government. Khan further claimed that Bibi's detention, spanning cases like the iddat marriage violation (initially convicted February 3, 2024, but overturned July 13, 2024), constituted "mental torture" directed by Munir to coerce PTI's submission, with over 200 cases against him similarly framed as politically engineered suppression. Critics of this narrative, including government-aligned voices and some analysts, contend that Bibi's convictions reflect legitimate for substantive legal violations rather than establishment orchestration, pointing to evidentiary bases in probes independent of political timing. The case, for instance, stemmed from allegations that Bibi and Khan received 458 kanals of land from real estate tycoon in exchange for laundering £190 million repatriated to , with the (NAB) presenting documents and witness testimonies upheld by the on January 17, 2025, sentencing Bibi to seven years. Pro-establishment perspectives argue that PTI's vendetta claims overlook the breadth of charges—spanning gifts undervaluation and trust fund misuse—grounded in forensic audits and judicial reviews, not mere retaliation, as evidenced by multiple courts rejecting bail or appeals in related proceedings through mid-2025. While PTI highlights amid 's history of influence over civilian politics, opponents note that similar mechanisms have targeted prior regimes without comparable outcry, suggesting PTI's serves to rally supporters amid electoral setbacks like the disputed February 8, 2024, polls. International observers have offered mixed assessments, with some advocates echoing PTI's concerns over in Bibi's cases—such as restricted access and rapid convictions—potentially indicating targeted pressure, while others emphasize the cases' alignment with frameworks predating PTI's ouster in April 2022. Khan's assertions of establishment malice, drawn from jail communications in 2024-2025, lack independent corroboration but align with PTI's broader narrative of against opposition figures, though judicial outcomes like the iddat acquittal demonstrate not all charges prevail, complicating blanket vendetta claims. As of October 2025, Bibi remains incarcerated pending appeals, fueling ongoing debates over whether her targeting evidences institutional overreach or enforcement of amid Pakistan's entrenched power dynamics.

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