Community hub
Recent from talks
Contribute something
Nothing was collected or created yet.
Josiah Bailey
View on WikipediaJosiah William Bailey (September 14, 1873 – December 15, 1946) was an American politician who served as a U.S. senator from the state of North Carolina from 1931 to 1946. Bailey moved back and forth. He was a leading reformer in the 1910s, promoting education and Wilsonian programs. As Senator he supported the early New Deal but by 1938 was a leader of the anti-New Deal faction of Southern Democrats. When war loomed in 1939, he moved to support Roosevelt's interventionist foreign policy. Likewise he supported Roosevelt's wartime domestic program, while opposing labor unions.[1]
Key Information
Early life and education
[edit]Born in Warrenton, North Carolina, he grew up in Raleigh and graduated from Wake Forest College (now Wake Forest University).
Career
[edit]Before turning to a career in law, Bailey was editor of the Biblical Recorder, a newspaper for North Carolina Baptists. He was a presidential elector in 1908.[2]
Elected to the United States Senate in 1930, defeating longtime incumbent Furnifold McLendel Simmons, Bailey earned a reputation as a conservative while in office. In 1937, he coauthored the bipartisan Conservative Manifesto, a document criticizing President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal and proposing more conservative alternatives. Among other things, the Manifesto called for lower taxes and less spending.[3]
That same year, Bailey gave a rousing floor speech against President Roosevelt's court-packing bill, which convinced at least three freshman Republicans, thought by Senate Majority Leader Joseph T. Robinson to be definite supporters, to oppose the measure.[4]
A segregationist and white supremacist, Bailey filibustered anti-lynching legislation in 1938.[5]
During his time in office, he served as chairman of the Committee on Claims and Committee on Commerce.
Death
[edit]Bailey died in office in 1946.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ John Robert Moore, Senator Josiah William Bailey of North Carolina: A Political Biography (Duke UP, 1968).
- ^ The National Cyclopædia of American Biography. Vol. D. New York, N.Y.: James T. White & Company. 1934. p. 440 – via HathiTrust.
- ^ Kickler, Troy L. The Conservative Manifesto Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine. The North Carolina History Project.
- ^ Caro, Robert. Master of the Senate. p. 62.
- ^ Beauchamp, Zack (October 9, 2013). How Racism Caused The Shutdown. ThinkProgress. Retrieved September 4, 2021.
Sources
[edit]- Finley, Keith M. Delaying the Dream: Southern Senators and the Fight Against Civil Rights, 1938–1965 (Baton Rouge, LSU Press, 2008).
Further reading
[edit]- Moore, John Robert. Senator Josiah William Bailey of North Carolina: A Political Biography. Durham: Duke University Press, 1968.
External links
[edit]
- United States Congress. "Josiah Bailey (id: B000046)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress.
- The "Conservative Manifesto" from the North Carolina History Project Archived 2016-03-03 at the Wayback Machine
- Biblical Recorder Column on Bailey at the Wayback Machine (archived September 28, 2007)
- "Taking on FDR: Senator Josiah Bailey and the 1937 Conservative Manifesto" by Troy Kickler, December 13, 2006
- Raleigh News & Observer Column on Bailey's Friendship with Huey Long [dead link]
- Josiah William Bailey at Find-A-Grave
- Josiah Bailey papers. 1773–1867. 2" linear. At the University of Washington Libraries, Special Collections.
| Class 2 |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Class 3 | ||
| Commerce and Manufactures (1816–1825) | | |
|---|---|---|
| Commerce (1825–1947) | ||
| Interstate Commerce (1887–1947) | ||
| Interstate and Foreign Commerce/Commerce (1947–1977) | ||
| Commerce, Science, and Transportation (1977–present) | ||
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
| Other | |
